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The FF, R2*, and BMD of all 415 lumbar vertebrae were respectively measured. According to BMD, all vertebrae were divided into BMD normal, osteopenia, and OP groups, and the difference of FF and R2* among groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The correlation between R2*, FF, and BMD was analyzed by Pearson\u2019s test. Taking BMD as the gold standard, the efficacies for FF and R2* in diagnosis of OP and osteopenia were assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve, and their area under the curve (AUC) was compared with DeLong\u2019s test.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The FF and R2* were statistically different among groups (<jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic> values of 102.521 and 11.323, both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and R2* were significantly correlated with FF and BMD, respectively (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> values of \u22120.219 and 0.290, both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). In diagnosis of OP and osteopenia, the AUCs were 0.776 and 0.778 for FF and 0.638 and 0.560 for R2*, and the AUCs of R2* were lower than those of FF, with <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic> values of 4.030 and 4.087, both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>R2* is significantly correlated with FF and BMD and can be used as a complement to FF and BMD for quantitative assessment of OP.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>R2* based on IDEAL-IQ sequences has a definite but weak linear relationship with FF and BMD.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>FF is significantly correlated with BMD and can effectively evaluate BMAT.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>R2* can be used as a complement to FF and BMD for fine quantification of bone mineral loss and bone marrow fat conversion.<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09599-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T09:58:38Z","timestamp":1680688718000},"page":"6001-6008","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Correlation of R2* with fat fraction and bone mineral density and its role in quantitative assessment of osteoporosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Zhenghua","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dageng","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yonghong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaowen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"9599_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.120.256180","volume":"62","author":"KN Haseltine","year":"2021","unstructured":"Haseltine KN, Chukir T, Smith PJ, Jacob JT, Bilezikian JP, Farooki A (2021) Bone mineral density: clinical relevance and quantitative assessment. 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