{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:17:15Z","timestamp":1792783035095,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT 203148\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A27066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A27066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital and King's College London","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0220mzb33","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"UK Research and Innovation London Medical Imaging and Artificial Intelligence Centre","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/001aqnf71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the diagnostic performance and reliability of MRI descriptors used for the detection of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease (MD) on delayed post-gadolinium MRI. To determine which combination of descriptors should be optimally applied and whether analysis of the vestibular aqueduct (VA) contributes to the diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective single centre case-control study evaluated delayed post-gadolinium MRI of patients with M\u00e9ni\u00e8riform symptoms examined consecutively between Dec 2017 and March 2023. Two observers evaluated 17 MRI descriptors of MD and quantified perilymphatic enhancement (PLE) in the cochlea. Definite MD ears according to the 2015 Barany Society criteria were compared to control ears. Cohen\u2019s kappa and diagnostic odds ratio (DORs) were calculated for each descriptor. Forward stepwise logistic regression determined which combination of MRI descriptors would best predict MD ears, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for this model was measured.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 227 patients (mean age 48.3 \u00b1 14.6, 99 men) with 96 definite MD and 78 control ears were evaluated. The presence of saccular abnormality (absent, as large as or confluent with the utricle) performed best with a DOR of 292.6 (95% confidence interval (CI), 38.305\u20132235.058). All VA descriptors demonstrated excellent reliability and with DORs of 7.761 (95% CI, 3.517\u201317.125) to 18.1 (95% CI, 8.445\u201339.170). Combining these saccular abnormalities with asymmetric cochlear PLE and an incompletely visualised VA correctly classified 90.2% of cases (sensitivity 84.4%, specificity 97.4%, AUC 0.938).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Either absent, enlarged or confluent saccules are the best predictors of MD. Incomplete visualisation of the VA adds value to the diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical relevance statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A number of different MRI descriptors have been proposed for the diagnosis of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease, but by establishing the optimally performing MRI features and highlighting new useful descriptors, there is an opportunity to improve the diagnostic performance of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease imaging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u2022 A comprehensive range of existing and novel vestibular aqueduct delayed post-gadolinium MRI descriptors were compared for their diagnostic performance in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\u2022 Saccular abnormality (absent, confluent with or larger than the utricle) is a reliable descriptor and is the optimal individual MRI predictor of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\u2022 The presence of this saccule descriptor or asymmetric perilymphatic enhancement and incomplete vestibular aqueduct visualisation will optimise the MRI diagnosis of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-10587-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T14:02:26Z","timestamp":1707314546000},"page":"6060-6071","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Assessing the optimal MRI descriptors to diagnose M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease and the added value of analysing the vestibular aqueduct"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5502-4972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steve","family":"Connor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irumee","family":"Pai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Touska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"McElroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastien","family":"Ourselin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph V.","family":"Hajnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"10587_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-023-09651-8","volume":"2023","author":"S Connor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Connor S, Grzeda MT, Jamshidi B, Ourselin S, Hajnal JV, Pai I (2023) Delayed post gadolinium MRI descriptors for M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Radiol 2023:12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-023-09651-8","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10587_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3138","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-016-4701-z","volume":"27","author":"A Atty\u00e9","year":"2017","unstructured":"Atty\u00e9 A, Eliezer M, Boudiaf N et al (2017) MRI of endolymphatic hydrops in patients with M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: a case-controlled study with a simplified classification based on saccular morphology. Eur Radiol 27:3138\u201346","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10587_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3856","volume":"35","author":"K Bar\u00e1th","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bar\u00e1th K, Schuknecht B, Monge Naldi A, Schrepfer T, Bockisch CJ, Hegemann SCA (2014) Detection and grading of endolymphatic hydrops in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease using MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 35:1387\u201392","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-019-02155-7","volume":"61","author":"A Bernaerts","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bernaerts A, Vanspauwen R, Blaivie C et al (2019) The value of four stage vestibular hydrops grading and asymmetric perilymphatic enhancement in the diagnosis of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease on MRI. Neuroradiology 61:421\u2013429","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10587_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E444","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28362","volume":"130","author":"L Kahn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kahn L, Hautefort C, Guichard JP et al (2020) Relationship between video head impulse test, ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, and compartmental magnetic resonance imaging classification in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. Laryngoscope 130:E444-52","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10587_CR6","first-page":"5","volume":"560","author":"T Nakashima","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakashima T, Naganawa S, Pyykk\u00f6 I et al (2019) Grading of endolymphatic hydrops using magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 560:5\u20138","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl"},{"key":"10587_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2017.06.002","volume":"44","author":"M Eliezer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eliezer M, Gillibert A, Tropres I, Krainik A, Atty\u00e9 A (2017) Influence of inversion time on endolymphatic hydrops evaluation in 3D-FLAIR imaging. J Neuroradiol 44:339\u201343","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215120000626","volume":"134","author":"I Pai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pai I, Mendis S, Murdin L, Touska P, Connor S (2020) Magnetic resonance imaging of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: early clinical experience in a UK centre. J Laryngol Otol 134:302\u201310","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10587_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12010202","volume":"12","author":"E Wnuk","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wnuk E, Lachowska M, Jasinska-Nowacka A, Maj E, Niemczyk K (2023) Reliability of endolymphatic hydrops qualitative assessment in magnetic resonance imaging. J. Clin Med 12:202","journal-title":"J. Clin Med"},{"key":"10587_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967323","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.967323","volume":"13","author":"H Xiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xiao H, Guo X, Cai H et al (2022) Magnetic resonance imaging of endolymphatic hydrops in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: a comparison of the diagnostic value of multiple scoring methods. Front Neurol 13:967323","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10587_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6410","volume":"41","author":"JM van Steekelenburg","year":"2020","unstructured":"van Steekelenburg JM, van Weijnen A, de Pont LMH et al (2020) Value of endolymphatic hydrops and perilymph signal intensity in suspected M\u00e9ni\u00e8re disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 41:529\u201334","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e548","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000002198","volume":"40","author":"D B\u00e4chinger","year":"2019","unstructured":"B\u00e4chinger D, Luu NN, Kempfle JS et al (2019) Vestibular aqueduct morphology correlates with endolymphatic sac pathologies in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease-a correlative histology and computed tomography study. Otol Neurotol 40:e548\u2013e555","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"10587_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1927-7","volume":"137","author":"AH Eckhard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eckhard AH, Zhu M, O\u2019Malley JT et al (2019) Inner ear pathologies impair sodium-regulated ion transport in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. Acta Neuropathol 137:343\u2013357","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10587_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948409300603","volume":"93","author":"M Ikeda","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ikeda M, Sando I (1984) Endolymphatic duct and sac in patients with M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. A temporal bone histopathological study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 93:540\u20136","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10587_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480802342416","volume":"129","author":"L Michaels","year":"2009","unstructured":"Michaels L, Soucek S, Linthicum F (2009) The intravestibular source of the vestibular aqueduct: its structure and pathology in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. Acta Otolaryngol 129:592\u2013601","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10587_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6331","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06980-w","volume":"30","author":"J Mainnemarre","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mainnemarre J, Hautefort C, Toupet M et al (2020) The vestibular aqueduct ossification on temporal bone CT: an old sign revisited to rule out the presence of endolymphatic hydrops in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease patients. Eur Radiol 30:6331\u20136338","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10587_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2011.11.005","volume":"39","author":"T Miyashita","year":"2012","unstructured":"Miyashita T, Toyama Y, Inamoto R, Mori N (2012) Evaluation of the vestibular aqueduct in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease using multiplanar reconstruction images of CT. Auris Nasus Larynx 39:567\u201371","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10587_CR18","first-page":"45","volume":"18","author":"H Tanioka","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tanioka H, Kaga H, Zusho H, Araki T, Sasaki Y (1997) MR of the endolymphatic duct and sac: findings in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 18:45\u201351","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurad.2018.10.003","volume":"47","author":"A Atty\u00e9","year":"2020","unstructured":"Atty\u00e9 A, Barma M, Schmerber S, Dumas G, Eliezer E, Krainik A (2020) The vestibular aqueduct sign: magnetic resonance imaging can detect abnormalities in both ears of patients with unilateral M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. J Neuroradiol 47:174\u2013179","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00303","volume":"10","author":"D B\u00e4chinger","year":"2019","unstructured":"B\u00e4chinger D, Br\u00fchlmann C, Honegger T et al (2019) Endotype-phenotype patterns in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease based on gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the vestibular aqueduct. Front Neurol 10:303","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10587_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A7615","volume":"43","author":"G Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu G, Benson JC, Carr CM, Lane JI (2022) Normal enhancement within the vestibular aqueduct: an anatomic review with high-resolution MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 43:1346\u20131349","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR22","first-page":"603","volume":"17","author":"DC Fitzgerald","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fitzgerald DC, Mark AS (1996) Endolymphatic duct\/sac enhancement on gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging of the inner ear: preliminary observations and case reports. Am J Otol 17:603\u2013606","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"10587_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-001-1216-y","volume":"12","author":"S Naganawa","year":"2002","unstructured":"Naganawa S, Koshikawa T, Fukatsu H, Ishigaki T, Nakashima T, Ichinose N (2002) Contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the endolymphatic sac in patients with sudden hearing loss. Eur Radiol 12:1121\u20131126","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10587_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-150549","volume":"25","author":"JA Lopez-Escamez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lopez-Escamez JA, Carey J, Chung WH et al (2015) Diagnostic criteria for M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. J Vestib Res 25(1):1\u20137","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"key":"10587_CR25","unstructured":"(1972) Committee on Hearing\u00a0and Equilibrium. Report of Subcommittee on Equilibrium and its Measurement. M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: criteria for\u00a0diagnosis and evaluation of therapy for reporting. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 76:1462\u20134"},{"key":"10587_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300501","volume":"93","author":"BW Pearson","year":"1985","unstructured":"Pearson BW, Brackmann DE (1985) Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium Guidelines for Reporting Treatment Results in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s Disease. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 93:579\u201381","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10587_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(1995) Committee on hearing and equilibrium guidelines for the diagnosis and evaluation of therapy in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Foundation, Inc. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 113:181\u20135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(95)70102-8"},{"key":"10587_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s00106-018-0488-3","volume":"66","author":"R G\u00fcrkov","year":"2018","unstructured":"G\u00fcrkov R, Hornibrook J (2018) On the classification of hydropic ear disease (M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease). HNO 66:455\u201363","journal-title":"HNO"},{"key":"10587_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2020.10.009","volume":"48","author":"S Iwasaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iwasaki S, Shojaku H, Murofushi T et al (2021) Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease of the Japan Society for Equilibrium Research. Auris Nasus Larynx 48:15\u201322","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"key":"10587_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1080\/0036554021000028079","volume":"123","author":"H Kimura","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kimura H, Aso S, Watanabe Y (2003) Prediction of progression from atypical to definite M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease using electrocochleography and glycerol and furosemide tests. Acta Otolaryngol 123:388\u201395","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10587_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A5841","volume":"39","author":"G Conte","year":"2018","unstructured":"Conte G, Caschera L, Calloni S et al (2018) MR imaging in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: is the contact between the vestibular endolymphatic space and the oval window a reliable biomarker? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 39:2114\u20139","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10587_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk052","volume":"165","author":"E Vittinghoff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vittinghoff E, McCulloch CE (2007) Relaxing the rule of ten events per variable in logistic and Cox regression. Am J Epidemiol 165:710\u2013718","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10587_CR33","unstructured":"Hosmer DW Jr, Lemeshow S, Sturdivant RX. Applied logistic regression (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley"},{"key":"10587_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.3109\/00016487909137175","volume":"88","author":"H Rask-Andersen","year":"1979","unstructured":"Rask-Andersen H (1979) The vascular supply of the endolymphatic sac. Acta Oto-Laryngologica 88:315\u2013327","journal-title":"Acta Oto-Laryngologica"},{"key":"10587_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949009900705","volume":"99","author":"Y Yazawa","year":"1990","unstructured":"Yazawa Y, Kitahara M (1990) Bilateral endolymphatic hydrops in M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: review of temporal bone autopsies. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 99:524\u20138","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10587_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.892383","volume":"21","author":"Y Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu Y, Jia H, Shi J et al (2015) Endolymphatic hydrops detected by 3-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI following intratympanic injection of gadolinium in the asymptomatic contralateral ears of patients with unilateral M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease. Med Sci Monit 21:701\u20137","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"4","key":"10587_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2020.1713396","volume":"140","author":"M Eliezer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eliezer M, Poillon G, L\u00e9vy D et al (2020) Clinical and radiological characteristics of patients with collapse or fistula of the saccule as evaluated by inner ear MRI. Acta Otolaryngol 140(4):262\u2013269","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10587_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.11.1061","volume":"282","author":"JG Lijmer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lijmer JG, Mol BW, Heisterkamp S et al (1999) Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests. JAMA 282:1061\u20136","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10587_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2020.10.009","volume":"48","author":"S Iwasaki","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iwasaki S, Shojaku H, Murofushi T et al (2021) Diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease of the Japan Society for Equilibrium Research. Auris Nasus Larynx 48:15\u201322","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-024-10587-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-024-10587-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-024-10587-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T08:07:44Z","timestamp":1725005264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-024-10587-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10587"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-024-10587-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 August 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2023","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 December 2023","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2024","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Dr Steve Connor.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"One of the authors of this manuscript (Sarah McElroy) is an employee of Siemens Healthcare. The\u00a0remaining authors declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related\u00a0to the subject matter of the article.Steve Connor is a member of the <i>European Radiology<\/i> Advisory Editorial Board.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained (GSTT Electronic Record Research Interface, IRAS ID: 257283, Rec Reference: 20\/EM\/0112).","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The patient cohort in this study has an overlap with that applied to three previous studies. The hypothesis and analysis are however different. There are a total of 44 individual patients of the 227 patients in the current cohort who were included in the overlapping cohorts of three previous studies:31 patients inPai I, Mendis S, Murdin L, Touska P, Connor S. Magnetic resonance imaging of M\u00e9ni\u00e8re\u2019s disease: early clinical experience in a UK centre. J Laryngol Otol. 2020 Apr;134(4):302-310.\n                      \n                      . Epub 2020 Apr 3. PMID: 32241307.22 patients inConnor S, Hulley K, Burd C, Amin N, Pai I. Which is the optimally defined vestibular cross-section to diagnose unilateral Meniere\u2019s disease with delayed post-gadolinium 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI? Br J Radiol. 2021 Mar 1;94(1119):20200996.\n                      \n                      . Epub 2021 Jan 15. PMID: 33449817; PMCID: PMC8011242.35 patients inPai I, Connor S. Low frequency air-bone gap in Meniere\u2019s disease: relationship with magnetic resonance imaging features of endolymphatic hydrops. Ear Hear. 2022 Nov-Dec 01;43(6):1678-1686.\n                      \n                      . Epub 2022 May 18. PMID: 35583512; PMCID: PMC9592161.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"value":"\u2022 retrospective\u2022 case-control study\u2022 performed at one institution","order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}