{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:48:54Z","timestamp":1783352934382,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>In patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), the response to treatment is evaluated based on microbiological, clinical, and radiological data. However, little is known about the dynamics of CT findings. The aim of this study was to evaluate CT changes in NTM-PD in order to define radiological criteria for treatment success.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Retrospective multicenter study (Hannover, Heidelberg, Gauting). Sixty patients with NTM-PD and at least two consecutive CT scans were included. Scoring for NTM-PD was performed by evaluating variables of bronchiectasis, mucus plugging, bronchiolitis, cavities, nodules, and consolidations on an ordinal scale from 0 to 3. Differences between baseline and follow-up were calculated, and patients with\/without cultural conversion were compared using the Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>-test. For paired comparison of the two consecutive CT scans the Wilcoxon test was used.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Comparing patients with and without culture conversion, there were significant differences in temporal changes of bronchiectasis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), cavities (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006), bronchiolitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), consolidations (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004), and total score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Nodules showed no significant differences between groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.060). The Wilcoxon test showed significant differences between both CTs in patients with a microbiological cure for the total score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), cavities (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), bronchiolitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and consolidations (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.021) with a decrease after microbiological cure, whereas bronchiectasis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.102) and nodules (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.18) stayed stable. In the case of persistently positive cultures, there was an increase in the total score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010) which was attributable to progressive\u00a0bronchiectasis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cavities, consolidations, and bronchiolitis are useful to assess treatment response, whereas bronchiectasis and nodules may remain stable despite successful treatment.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Clinical relevance statement<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Cavities, consolidations, and bronchiolitis can assess treatment response whereas bronchiectasis and nodules may remain stable despite successful treatment. In persistently positive cultures, bronchiectasis showed an increase over time indicating that NTM-PD is a progressive chronic disease.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>\n              <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Little is known about CT changes in nontuberculous mycobacteria\u00a0pulmonary disease (NTM-PD) and criteria to evaluate treatment response<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>In the case of culture conversion, cavities and bronchiolitis decreased whereas bronchiectasis and nodules remained stable<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n                <jats:list-item>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Cavities and bronchiolitis can evaluate treatment response in NTM, but bronchiectasis and nodules may persist despite successful treatment<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:list-item>\n              <\/jats:list>\n            <\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-024-10987-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T15:02:38Z","timestamp":1722524558000},"page":"798-805","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Evaluation of treatment response with serial CT in patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9069-439X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Dettmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Hei\u00df-Neumann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Wege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Maske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix C.","family":"Ringshausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oana","family":"Joean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Theissig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Ewen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Wacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Rademacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"10987_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.12.24","volume":"6","author":"MM Johnson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johnson MM, Odell JA (2014) Nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections. 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M.H.N. reports fees for clinical trial participation from Astra-Zeneca, Insmed, LMU Tropeninstitut, Lophius, and R-Biopharm to her institution; personal honoraria for lectures from Insmed. F.C.R. reports grants from the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI; EU\/EFPIA), and the iABC Consortium (including Alaxia, Basilea, Novartis, and Polyphor), Mukoviszidose Institute, Novartis, and Insmed Germany paid to his institution; fees for clinical trial participation from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Insmed, Novartis, University of Dundee, Vertex, and Zambon paid to his institution; personal consulting fees from Parion Sciences, Grifols, Zambon, Insmed, and Helmholtz Center for Infection Research; personal honoraria for lectures from!DE Werbeagentur GmbH, Interkongress GmbH, AstraZeneca, Insmed, Grifols, University Hospital Frankfurt; as well as honorary (unpaid) commitment as coordinator of the ERN-LUNG Bronchiectasis Core Network, co-chair of the German Bronchiectasis Registry PROGNOSIS, member of the steering committee of the European Bronchiectasis Registry EMBARC, and principal investigator of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL). J.R. reports grants from the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), the Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), and the Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Gesundheit (BMG) paid to her institution; personal honoraria for lectures from AstraZeneca, Berlin-Chemie, Insmed, GSK, MedUpdate, MSD, Shionogi, ThermoFisher personal payments for participation on an advisory board from Insmed, GSK, GILEAD, ThermoFisher and Shionogi. S.W., H.M., O.J., N.T., R.E., and F.W. declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interests"}},{"value":"Only simple statistical tests were used. One of the authors has sufficient statistical expertise.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Only if the study is on human subjects: written informed consent was not required for this study because it is a retrospective study and consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board. In the treatment contract, the patients agree that data may be used for clinical studies. Only if the study is on animals: this study is not on animals.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"This study has been approved by the Internal Review Board (no. 8953_BO_K_2020) at the Hannover Medical School in Hannover, Germany, and also by the Internal Review Board (no. S-619\/2023) at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University, Heidelberg Germany. The Review Board of Bayerische Landes\u00e4rztekammer took the position that no separate application was necessary for Gauting, Germany (mb23061).","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"There are no study subjects or cohorts overlap.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}