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Deltoid areal FI (%) and CSA (normalized to height, [CSAnorm, mm\u00b2\/m]) were quantified in anterior, lateral, and posterior parts on T2-weighted imaging with metal artifact reduction. Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficients and age- and sex-adjusted linear regression models assessed associations with clinical outcomes (Constant-Murley Score [CMS] and isometric strength [N]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 25 patients (75 years [IQR 70\u201379], 72% females, BMI 28.7\u2009kg\/m\u00b2 [IQR 24.6\u201329.4]) whole deltoid CSAnorm was positively correlated with CMS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.51,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.010) and abduction strength (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.48,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.015), while FI showed negative correlations (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.46 to 0.60,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002\u20130.019). Anterior CSAnorm positively correlated with CMS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.55,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005) and strength (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.41 to \u22120.42,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034-0.040), while anterior FI showed negative correlations with CMS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.79,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and strength (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.58 to \u22120.63,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002\u20130.003). Lateral CSAnorm correlated with CMS (\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.49,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.014) but not with strength, while lateral FI showed no significant correlations. After adjustment, higher anterior CSAnorm was associated with better function and strength (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.84\u20131.14,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003\u20130.028), and higher FI was associated with worse function and strength (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.49 to \u22120.92,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001\u20130.014). Lateral CSAnorm remained associated with CMS (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.40,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.034), while lateral FI showed no significant associations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metal artifact-reduced MRI-derived FI and CSAnorm are associated with shoulder function and strength one year after RTSA, potentially serving as objective markers for postoperative assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Question<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>RTSA success is measured by functional outcomes, but the relationship between postoperative imaging findings and functional results remains unclear<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Findings<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Lower CSA and increased FI of deltoid, particularly anterior, were associated with reduced function and strength after RTSA<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Clinical relevance<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Metal artifact-reduced MRI can assess postoperative deltoid FI and CSA, providing objective imaging biomarkers that complement clinical functional testing in the evaluation of patients following RTSA<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-11836-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T16:25:18Z","timestamp":1752942318000},"page":"484-495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of deltoid muscle quality in reverse shoulder arthroplasty: correlation of MRI findings with postoperative function and strength"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8578-295X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Bogner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arsenij","family":"Molotkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Jaeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hupperich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ferdinand C.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian T.","family":"L\u00f6ffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Strecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reto","family":"Sutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Bamberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagen","family":"Schmal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierno D.","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia M.","family":"Jungmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"11836_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2601","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2020.03.049","volume":"29","author":"ER Wagner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wagner ER, Farley KX, Higgins I, Wilson JM, Daly CA, Gottschalk MB (2020) The incidence of shoulder arthroplasty: rise and future projections compared with hip and knee arthroplasty. 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