{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T14:32:02Z","timestamp":1772721122991,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-11982-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T05:53:01Z","timestamp":1757051581000},"page":"2102-2112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of tibial tubercle-Roman arch distance and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance in patients with patellar dislocation or subluxation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3600-4575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eda Tezg\u00f6r","family":"Aksakal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"Soydan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nurdan","family":"\u00c7ay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"11982_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu Z, Zhang H, Fu B, Mohamed SI, Zhang J, Zhou A (2020) Tibial tubercle-Roman arch distance: a new measurement of patellar dislocation and indication of tibial tubercle osteotomy. Orthop J Sports Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967120914872","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967120914872"},{"key":"11982_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280040601","volume":"28","author":"DM Atkin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Atkin DM, Fithian DC, Marangi KS, Stone ML, Dobson BE, Mendelsohn C (2000) Characteristics of patients with primary acute lateral patellar dislocation and their recovery within the first 6 months of injury. Am J Sports Med 28:472\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/03635465000280040601","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.00996.x","volume":"20","author":"M Boling","year":"2010","unstructured":"Boling M, Padua D, Marshall S, Guskiewicz K, Pyne S, Beutler A (2010) Gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Scand J Med Sci Sports 20:725\u2013730. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2009.00996.x","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"11982_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512472873","volume":"41","author":"LW Lewallen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lewallen LW, McIntosh AL, Dahm DL (2013) Predictors of recurrent instability after acute patellofemoral dislocation in pediatric and adolescent patients. Am J Sports Med 41:575\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546512472873","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546514522393","volume":"42","author":"A Stracciolini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stracciolini A, Casciano R, Levey Friedman H, Stein CJ, Meehan WP, Micheli LJ (2014) Pediatric sports injuries: a comparison of males versus females. Am J Sports Med 42:965\u2013972. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546514522393","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.12.001","volume":"101","author":"VB Duthon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Duthon VB (2015) Acute traumatic patellar dislocation. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 101:S59\u2013S67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.12.001","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"11982_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01552649","volume":"2","author":"H Dejour","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dejour H, Walch G, Nove-Josserand L, Guier C (1994) Factors of patellar instability: an anatomic radiographic study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2:19\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01552649","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"11982_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40634-021-00430-2","volume":"8","author":"DH Dejour","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dejour DH, Mesnard G, Giovannetti de Sanctis E (2021) Updated treatment guidelines for patellar instability: \u201cun menu \u00e0 la carte\u201d. J Exp Orthop 8:109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40634-021-00430-2","journal-title":"J Exp Orthop"},{"key":"11982_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000183","volume":"26","author":"D Dejour","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dejour D, Le Coultre B (2018) Osteotomies in patello-femoral instabilities. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 26:8\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JSA.0000000000000183","journal-title":"Sports Med Arthrosc Rev"},{"key":"11982_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Xu Z, Zhao P, Song Y, Wang H, Zhou A, Yu JK (2022) Reliability of the tibial tubercle-Roman arch distance for evaluating tibial tubercle malposition and predicting patellar dislocation via magnetic resonance imaging. Orthop J Sports Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/23259671221118561","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221118561"},{"key":"11982_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1544973","volume":"28","author":"B Grawe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grawe B, Stein S (2015) Tibial tubercle osteotomy: indication and techniques. J Knee Surg 28:279\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1544973","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"11982_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2005.06.003","volume":"13","author":"PB Schoettle","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schoettle PB, Zanetti M, Seifert B, Pfirrmann CWA, Fucentese SF, Romero J (2006) The tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance; a comparative study between CT and MRI scanning. Knee 13:26\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knee.2005.06.003","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"11982_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000000711","volume":"477","author":"GL Vairo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vairo GL, Moya-Angeler J, Siorta MA, Anderson AH, Sherbondy PS (2019) Tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance is a reliable and accurate indicator of patellofemoral instability. Clin Orthop Relat Res 477:1450\u20131458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CORR.0000000000000711","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"11982_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8404","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-08924-y","volume":"32","author":"J Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen J, Li X, Xu Z et al (2022) Tibial tubercle-Roman arch (TT-RA) distance is superior to tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance when evaluating coronal malalignment in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Eur Radiol 32:8404\u20138413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-08924-y","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"11982_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2954-0","volume":"22","author":"N Caplan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caplan N, Lees D, Newby M et al (2014) Is tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance an appropriate measure for the identification of knees with patellar instability? Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 22:2377\u20132381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00167-014-2954-0","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"11982_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2019.05.001","volume":"26","author":"K Nha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nha K, Nam YJ, Shin MJ et al (2019) Referencing the trochlear groove based on three-dimensional computed tomography imaging improves the reliability of the measurement of the tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance in patients with higher grades of trochlea dysplasia. Knee 26:1429\u20131436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.knee.2019.05.001","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"11982_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623337","volume":"12","author":"O Galland","year":"1990","unstructured":"Galland O, Walch G, Dejour H, Carret J (1990) An anatomical and radiological study of the femoropatellar articulation. Surg Radiol Anat 12:119\u2013125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01623337","journal-title":"Surg Radiol Anat"},{"key":"11982_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512438762","volume":"40","author":"G Seitlinger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Seitlinger G, Scheurecker G, H\u00f6gler R, Labey L, Innocenti B, Hofmann S (2012) Tibial tubercle-posterior cruciate ligament distance: a new measurement to define the position of the tibial tubercle in patients with patellar dislocation. Am J Sports Med 40:1119\u20131125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546512438762","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stepanovich M, Bomar JD, Pennock AT (2016) Are the current classifications and radiographic measurements for trochlear dysplasia appropriate in the skeletally immature patient? Orthop J Sports Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967116669490","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967116669490"},{"key":"11982_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trojan JD, Treloar JA, Smith CM, Kraeutler MJ, Mulcahey MK (2019) Epidemiological patterns of patellofemoral injuries in collegiate athletes in the United States from 2009 to 2014. Orthop J Sports Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2325967119840712","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967119840712"},{"key":"11982_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503260788","volume":"32","author":"DC Fithian","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fithian DC, Paxton EW, Stone ML et al (2004) Epidemiology and natural history of acute patellar dislocation. Am J Sports Med 32:1114\u20131121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546503260788","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318160740f","volume":"40","author":"P Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4 P, Mattila VM, Iivonen T, Visuri T, Pihlajam\u00e4ki H (2008) Incidence and risk factors of acute traumatic primary patellar dislocation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:606\u2013611. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318160740f","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"11982_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1286199","volume":"25","author":"BR Waterman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Waterman BR, Belmont PJ Jr, Owens BD (2012) Patellar dislocation in the United States: role of sex, age, race, and athletic participation. J Knee Surg 25:51\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0031-1286199","journal-title":"J Knee Surg"},{"key":"11982_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659402200112","volume":"22","author":"T Muneta","year":"1994","unstructured":"Muneta T, Yamamoto H, Ishibashi T, Asahina S, Furuya K (1994) Computerized tomographic analysis of tibial tubercle position in the painful female patellofemoral joint. Am J Sports Med 22:67\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/036354659402200112","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.89B2.18358","volume":"89-B","author":"S Ko\u00ebter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ko\u00ebter S, Diks MJF, Anderson PG, Wymenga AB (2007) A modified tibial tubercle osteotomy for patellar maltracking: results at two years. J Bone Jt Surg Br 89-B:180\u2013185. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.89B2.18358","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg Br"},{"key":"11982_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546513484895","volume":"41","author":"CL Camp","year":"2013","unstructured":"Camp CL, Stuart MJ, Krych AJ et al (2013) CT and MRI measurements of tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distances are not equivalent in patients with patellar instability. Am J Sports Med 41:1835\u20131840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0363546513484895","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"11982_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jisako.2024.01.006","volume":"9","author":"S Irarr\u00e1zaval","year":"2024","unstructured":"Irarr\u00e1zaval S, Besa P, Fern\u00e1ndez T et al (2024) Tibial tubercle to trochlear groove and the Roman arch method for tibial tubercle lateralisation are reliable and distinguish between subjects with and without major patellar instability. J ISAKOS 9:272\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jisako.2024.01.006","journal-title":"J ISAKOS"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11982-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11982-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11982-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T13:20:18Z","timestamp":1772716818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11982-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["11982"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-025-11982-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 August 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 September 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Nurdan \u00c7ay.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"No complex statistical methods were necessary for this paper.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained from the Dean\u2019s Office of the University of Health Sciences, G\u00fclhane Faculty of Medicine and Ethics Committee No. 2 of Ankara Bilkent City Hospital (IRB Number: E2-23-3970).","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"None.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}