{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T12:04:45Z","timestamp":1776341085468,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016834","name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022FY101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022FY101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016834","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016834","name":"Chongqing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YXGD202472"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YXGD202472"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016834","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-12021-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T14:48:46Z","timestamp":1763995726000},"page":"3601-3610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three-dimensional MRI reconstruction of diaphragmatic defects in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and mortality prediction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Qiaoli","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5113-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Song","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gongli","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jialiang","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"12021_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004324","volume":"131","author":"D Chatterjee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chatterjee D, Ing RJ, Gien J (2019) Update on congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Anesth Analg 131:808\u2013821","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"12021_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F137","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306174","volume":"100","author":"MR McGivern","year":"2015","unstructured":"McGivern MR, Best KE, Rankin J et al (2015) Epidemiology of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in Europe: a register-based study. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 100:F137\u2013F144","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"12021_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.10.082","volume":"51","author":"MA Coughlin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coughlin MA, Werner NL, Gajarski R et al (2016) Prenatally diagnosed severe CDH: mortality and morbidity remain high. J Pediatr Surg 51:1091\u20131095","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.21037\/tp-23-240","volume":"12","author":"KI Holden","year":"2023","unstructured":"Holden KI, Harting MT (2023) Recent advances in the treatment of complex congenital diaphragmatic hernia\u2014a narrative review. Transl Pediatr 12:1403\u20131415","journal-title":"Transl Pediatr"},{"key":"12021_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2021.0420","volume":"31","author":"DA Rideout","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rideout DA, Wulkan M (2021) Thoracoscopic neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair: how we do it. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech 31:1168\u20131174","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech"},{"key":"12021_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2023.11.022","volume":"59","author":"AEAE Vaughn","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vaughn AEAE, Lyttle BD, Louiselle AE et al (2024) Muscle flap technique safe for on-ECMO congenital diaphragmatic hernia repair. J Pediatr Surg 59:962\u2013968","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29096","volume":"64","author":"V Dutemeyer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dutemeyer V, Schaible T, Badr DA et al (2024) Observed-to-expected lung-area-to-head-circumference ratio on ultrasound examination vs total fetal lung volume on magnetic resonance imaging in prediction of survival in fetuses with left-sided diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 64:354\u2013361","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"12021_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.17497","volume":"130","author":"EJJ Horn-Oudshoorn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Horn-Oudshoorn EJJ, Russo FM, Deprest JA et al (2023) Survival in very preterm infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia and association with prenatal imaging markers: a retrospective cohort study. BJOG 130:1403\u20131411","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"12021_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-022-05232-w","volume":"38","author":"K Masahata","year":"2022","unstructured":"Masahata K, Yamoto M, Umeda S et al (2022) Prenatal predictors of mortality in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int 38:1745\u20131757","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"12021_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-022-05538-w","volume":"53","author":"SM Niemiec","year":"2023","unstructured":"Niemiec SM, Louiselle AE, Phillips R et al (2023) Third-trimester percentage predicted lung volume and percentage liver herniation as prognostic indicators in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Radiol 53:479\u2013486","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"12021_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e651","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-3040","volume":"120","author":"KP Lally","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lally KP, Lally PA, Lasky RE et al (2007) Defect size determines survival in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatrics 120:e651\u2013e657","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"12021_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anpedi.2024.04.014","volume":"101","author":"JC Otano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Otano JC, Murua V, Rugilo J et al (2024) Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: relationship between defect size and outcome. Experience in a reference centre. An Pediatr 101:29\u201335","journal-title":"An Pediatr"},{"key":"12021_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20162043","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-2043","volume":"138","author":"LR Putnam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Putnam LR, Harting MT, Tsao K et al (2016) Congenital diaphragmatic hernia defect size and infant morbidity at discharge. Pediatrics 138:e20162043","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"12021_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.08.014","volume":"48","author":"KP Lally","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lally KP, Lasky RE, Lally PA et al (2013) Standardized reporting for congenital diaphragmatic hernia\u2014an international consensus. J Pediatr Surg 48:2408\u20132415","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.20296","volume":"53","author":"F Prayer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Prayer F, Metzelder M, Krois W et al (2019) Three-dimensional reconstruction of defects in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a fetal MRI study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 53:816\u2013826","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"12021_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-012-3113-7","volume":"28","author":"M Rygl","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rygl M, Kuklova P, Zemkova D et al (2012) Defect-diaphragmatic ratio: a new parameter for assessment of defect size in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Pediatr Surg Int 28:971\u2013976","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"12021_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.219.1.r01ap18236","volume":"219","author":"F Rypens","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rypens F, Metens T, Rocourt N et al (2001) Fetal lung volume: estimation at MR imaging-initial results. Radiology 219:236\u2013241","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"12021_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-021-05153-1","volume":"52","author":"AR Mehollin-Ray","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mehollin-Ray AR (2021) Prenatal lung volumes in congenital diaphragmatic hernia and their effect on postnatal outcomes. Pediatr Radiol 52:637\u2013642","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"12021_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.03.013","volume":"52","author":"HF Shieh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shieh HF, Barnewolt CE, Wilson JM et al (2017) Percent predicted lung volume changes on fetal magnetic resonance imaging throughout gestation in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg 52:933\u2013937","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4052","volume":"30","author":"J Jani","year":"2007","unstructured":"Jani J, Nicolaides KH, Keller RL et al (2007) Observed to expected lung area to head circumference ratio in the prediction of survival in fetuses with isolated diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 30:67\u201371","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"12021_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2021.02.025","volume":"260","author":"R Corroenne","year":"2021","unstructured":"Corroenne R, Zhu KH, Johnson R et al (2021) Cost-effective fetal lung volumetry for assessment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 260:22\u201328","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"12021_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.03.011","volume":"48","author":"F Morini","year":"2013","unstructured":"Morini F, Valfr\u00e8 L, Capolupo I, Lally KP, Lally PA, Bagolan P (2013) Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: defect size correlates with developmental defect. J Pediatr Surg 48:1177\u20131182","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2021.09.001","volume":"240","author":"VY Chock","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chock VY, Danzer E, Chung S et al (2022) In-hospital morbidities for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: the impact of defect size and laterality. J Pediatr 240:94\u2013101.e106","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"12021_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-022-01470-x","volume":"42","author":"E Danzer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Danzer E, Chock VY, Chung S et al (2022) Image-based prenatal predictors of postnatal survival, extracorporeal life support, and defect size in right congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Perinatol 42:1202\u20131209","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"12021_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.09.018","volume":"42","author":"CE Barnewolt","year":"2007","unstructured":"Barnewolt CE, Kunisaki SM, Fauza DO, Nemes LP, Estroff JA, Jennings RW (2007) Percent predicted lung volumes as measured on fetal magnetic resonance imaging: a useful biometric parameter for risk stratification in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. J Pediatr Surg 42:193\u2013197","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.12.008","volume":"52","author":"T Oluyomi-Obi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oluyomi-Obi T, Kuret V, Puligandla P et al (2017) Antenatal predictors of outcome in prenatally diagnosed congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). J Pediatr Surg 52:881\u2013888","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"12021_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.29121","volume":"64","author":"S Shinar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shinar S, Otvodenko A, Kajal D et al (2024) Predicting neonatal mortality prior to discharge from hospital in prenatally diagnosed left congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 64:746\u2013754","journal-title":"Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"12021_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.8655","volume":"201","author":"A Walleyo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Walleyo A, Debus A, Kehl S et al (2013) Periodic MRI lung volume assessment in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: prediction of survival, need for ECMO, and development of chronic lung disease. AJR Am J Roentgenol 201:419\u2013426","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"12021_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09142-2","volume":"33","author":"W Ding","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ding W, Gu Y, Wu H et al (2022) Mediastinal shift angle (MSA) measurement with MRI: a simple and effective tool for prenatal risk stratification in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Eur Radiol 33:1668\u20131676","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"12021_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1740982","volume":"35","author":"V Dutemeyer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dutemeyer V, Cordier AG, Cannie MM et al (2022) Prenatal prediction of postnatal survival in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia using MRI: lung volume measurement, signal intensity ratio, and effect of experience. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 35:1036\u20131044","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"12021_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.5062","volume":"37","author":"KG Snoek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Snoek KG, Peters NCJ, van Rosmalen J et al (2017) The validity of the observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio in congenital diaphragmatic hernia in an era of standardized neonatal treatment; a multicenter study. Prenat Diagn 37:658\u2013665","journal-title":"Prenat Diagn"}],"container-title":["European Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-025-12021-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00330-025-12021-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00330-025-12021-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T11:22:12Z","timestamp":1776338532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00330-025-12021-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["12021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-025-12021-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1084"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1084","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 August 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 September 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The scientific guarantor of this publication is Song Peng.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Qiaoli Yang and Song Peng kindly provided statistical advice for this manuscript. Both authors have significant statistical expertise. Moderately complex statistical methods were applied, including survival analysis and Cox regression.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to the study, in accordance with institutional ethics committee approval.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"No study subjects or cohorts have been previously reported.","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}