{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T14:52:27Z","timestamp":1784127147049,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To gain insight into emergency radiologists\u2019 views on the role of contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in sepsis management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This analysis of a survey distributed in 2023 to members of the European Society of Emergency Radiology (ESER) (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009297) gathered perspectives on the role of CECT in patients with sepsis. The previously validated questionnaire used for this survey encompassed demographic information, clinical experience, and inquiries regarding the timing and rationale for CT. Results were compared with data from a prior single-center survey among clinicians and general radiologists. Responses were collected anonymously and analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. As not all items were mandatory, item-specific response numbers may vary and are reported accordingly throughout the manuscript.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 144 emergency radiologists participated, with most of them endorsing a 1\u20136-h timeframe for CECT after the diagnosis of sepsis (45.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200927\/59). However, a notable proportion accepted longer intervals &gt;\u200912\u2009h (35.6%;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921\/59). Emergency radiologists particularly opted for repeat imaging in patients with sepsis and clinical deterioration (35.3%; 24\/68), whereas clinicians tended to be more hesitant (2.9%;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910\/341).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of this survey indicate strong agreement among emergency radiologists on the relevance of prompt CECT for the timely diagnostic management of patients with sepsis. Several aspects related to timing and indication show significant interdisciplinary differences, requiring further study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Question<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>While contrast-enhanced CT can aid in detecting the infectious focus, this study explores emergency radiologists\u2019 perspectives on its role in sepsis management<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Findings<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Radiologists and clinicians from different subspecialties agree on the importance of promptly performed (\u2265\u20091\u20136\u2009h) CECT in sepsis management and the contraindications of contrast application<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Clinical relevance<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>This survey shows that radiologists and clinicians largely agree on the importance of CECT in sepsis management<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-025-12256-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T10:49:22Z","timestamp":1769424562000},"page":"5987-5995","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Contrast-enhanced CT in sepsis: insights from a European Emergency Radiology survey"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3932-8380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann-Christine","family":"Stahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerstin","family":"Rubarth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Isabel","family":"Opper Hernando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Frisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Blanco-Barrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Basilico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittorio","family":"Miele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Iacobellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myrto","family":"Bolanaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Witham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Dewey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Pohlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"12256_CR1","unstructured":"S3-Leitlinie Sepsis\u2014Pr\u00e4vention, Diagnose, Therapie und Nachsorge, Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften (2018) Available via https:\/\/www.awmf.org\/uploads\/tx_szleitlinien\/079-001l_S3_Sepsis-Praevention-Diagnose-Therapie-Nachsorge_2020-03_01.pdf. 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Julian Pohlan.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Guarantor"}},{"value":"Prof. Dewey has received grant support from the FP7 Program of the European Commission for the randomized multicenter DISCHARGE trial (EC-GA 603266 in HEALTH.2013.2.4.2-2). He also received grant support from German Research Foundation (DFG) in the Heisenberg Program (DE 1361\/14-1, DFG project number: 213705389), graduate program on quantitative biomedical imaging (BIOQIC, GRK 2260\/1, DFG project number: 289347353), for fractal analysis of myocardial perfusion (DE 1361\/18-1, DFG project number: 392304398), the DFG Priority Programme Radiomics (DFG project number: 402688427) for the investigation of coronary plaque and coronary flow (DE 1361\/19-1 [DFG project number: 428222922] and DE 1361\/20-1 [DFG project number: 428223139] in SPP 2177\/1), the GUIDE-IT project on data sharing of medical imaging trials (DE 1361\/24-1 [DFG project number: 495697118]), the Quantitative Cardiovascular Imaging (QCI) meeting (DE 1361\/22-1), and the Future of Medical Imaging meeting (DE 1361\/28-1). He also received funding from the Berlin University Alliance (GC_SC_PC 27), from the Innovationsfond of the G-BA for the IMPRO project (01NVF23002), and from the Digital Health Accelerator of the Berlin Institute of Health for fractal analysis of CT and MRI. Prof. Dewey is the European Society of Radiology (ESR) Publications Chair (2022-2025); and the opinions expressed in this article are the author\u2019s own and do not represent the view of ESR. He did not participate in the selection or review processes of this article. Per the guiding principles of ESR, the work as Publications Chair is on a voluntary basis, and only remuneration of travel expenses occurs. Prof. Dewey is also the editor of Cardiac CT, published by Springer Nature, and offers hands-on courses on CT imaging (\n                      \n                      ). Institutional master research agreements exist with Siemens, General Electric, Philips, and Canon. The terms of these arrangements are managed by the legal department of Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin. Professor Dewey holds a joint approved patent with Florian Michallek on dynamic perfusion analysis using fractal analysis (EPO 2022 EP3350773A1, and USPTO 2021 10,991,109). Dr. Julian Pohlan is currently working for Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine in an advisory role unrelated to this research project. Dr. Anne Frisch reports IGEA travel support. The remaining authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Dr. Kerstin Rubarth is the co-first author and has significant statistical expertise. She is the statistical guarantor of the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Statistics and biometry"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects in this study through their participation in the survey.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained (reference number EA1\/203\/21).","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Some study subjects or cohorts have been previously reported in Opper Hernando et al [\n                      \n                      ],\n                      \n                      , and in Opper Hernando et al [\n                      \n                      ],\n                      \n                      .","order":7,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap"}},{"order":8,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Methodology"}}]}}