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The parameters typically used for UHR chest CT scans were selected. Noise power spectrum and task-based transfer function were computed to assess noise-magnitude, noise texture (\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>av<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and spatial resolution (\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), respectively. Detectability indices (\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2019) were computed to model the detection of three chest nodules. Five radiologists subjectively evaluated their confidence in detecting these nodules available on the anthropomorphic phantom.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      For PCCT, noise magnitude increased, and\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>av<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were similar as the dose decreased. For UHR-CT, noise-magnitude decreased, and\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>av<\/jats:sub>\n                      values decreased as the dose decreased. For both inserts and CT systems,\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      values decreased as the dose decreased. For both inserts and at all dose levels,\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were higher with PCCT than with UHR-CT.\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2019 values increased as the dose increased with PCCT, and the opposite was found with UHR-CT. Confidence in nodule detection was considered clinically sufficient at all dose levels for high-contrast solid nodules at 7.5 and 2.5\u2009mGy for subsolid nodules, and only for PCCT at 7.5\u2009mGy for low-contrast nodules.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Under UHR conditions, pulmonary nodule detectability strongly depends on the dose level and reconstruction parameters. High-contrast nodule detection can be performed at all dose levels with both CT systems, but reconstruction strategies must be optimized for low-contrast nodule detection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:italic>Do the performance of UHR-CT and PCCT scanners improve the detectability of pulmonary nodules<\/jats:italic>\n                            ?\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:italic>PCCT showed dose-invariant noise texture and higher effective spatial resolution, whereas UHR-CT relied on dose-dependent noise suppression, producing smoother images and reduced spatial frequency<\/jats:italic>\n                            .\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:italic>High-contrast nodule detection can be performed at all dose levels with both CT systems, particularly at ultra-low dose levels, but reconstruction strategies must be optimized for low-contrast nodule detection<\/jats:italic>\n                            .\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-026-12582-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T17:34:12Z","timestamp":1777484052000},"page":"7105-7117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparing the detectability of pulmonary nodules on two ultra-high resolution CT scanners: a preliminary phantom study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1735-5129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00ebl","family":"Greffier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Salvat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Pastor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Villani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Val\u00e9rie","family":"Bousson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariane","family":"Vallot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim","family":"Si-Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Beregi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Djamel","family":"Dabli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lama","family":"Hadid-Beurrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"12582_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2017161659","volume":"284","author":"H MacMahon","year":"2017","unstructured":"MacMahon H, Naidich DP, Goo JM et al (2017) Guidelines for management of incidental pulmonary nodules detected on CT images: from the Fleischner Society 2017. 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