{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:59:59Z","timestamp":1790654399012,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur Radiol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate how accurately prostate volume estimated with the ellipsoid formula matches manual segmentation (reference standard) and to assess whether an individualized, volume-dependent adjustment of the ellipsoid weighting factor improves performance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this prospective study, patients with suspected prostate cancer (PCa) who underwent 3\u2009T multiparametric MRI (T1WI, T2WI, DWI, DCE) between January 2022 and June 2023 were included. PSA values were obtained at imaging or within the preceding 4 weeks. Reference prostate volumes were derived from manual segmentation of all axial T2-weighted slices. Ellipsoid-based volumes were calculated per PI-RADS recommendations from sagittal and axial T2-weighted images using A \u00d7 B \u00d7 C \u00d7 0.52.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 328 patients were analyzed (median age 68 years), including 196 without and 132 with PCa. Ellipsoid-based volumes showed excellent agreement with manual segmentation (ICC\u2009=\u20090.985; mean absolute difference 5.5 cc). Differences were larger in prostates &gt; 80 cc, where the ellipsoid method tended to underestimate volume. Optimal volume-dependent weighting factors ranged from 0.50 to 0.54, but statistical modeling with variable weighting factors did not significantly improve model performance. For PSAd cut-offs of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2\u2009ng\/mL\/cc, the ellipsoid approximation achieved sensitivities of 0.86\u20130.95 and specificities of 0.88\u20130.97 compared with manual segmentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Manual segmentation and ellipsoid-based approximation show good agreement, underscoring the practical utility of the ellipsoid approximation for routine prostate volume assessment. While inaccuracies increase for larger glands, individualized weighting offers no meaningful benefit, and diagnostic performance for PSA density remains largely unaffected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Question<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Does the fast PI-RADS ellipsoid method estimate MRI prostate volume accurately versus manual segmentation, and do errors affect PSA density decisions?<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Findings<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>In 328 men, ellipsoid volumes correlated strongly with segmentation (\u03c1\u2009=\u20090.98), underestimated larger glands (&gt;\u200980 cc), and coefficient tuning added no meaningful improvement<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>Clinical relevance<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic>Ellipsoid-based volumetry provides a rapid, reliable basis for mpMRI prostate and PSA density assessment in routine clinical practice, supporting biopsy and active-surveillance decisions without time-consuming segmentation, while recognizing slightly higher error in very large prostates<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-026-12900-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T14:13:22Z","timestamp":1790604802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MRI-derived prostate volume assessment: manual segmentation versus two-axis ellipsoid approximation and its implications for PSA density"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Larissa","family":"Gluesing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Potts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Knieper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Giganti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Tsaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Gassenmaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Berger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Nikolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemarie","family":"Uhlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3557-3194","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Uhlig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"12900_CR1","first-page":"229","volume":"74","author":"F Bray","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H et al (2024) Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. 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Francesco Giganti and Konstantin Nikolaou are members of the\n                      European Radiology\n                      Editorial Board, and as such, they have not taken part in the review or selection processes for this article. Francesco Giganti reports consulting fees from DeepHealth, SpectraCure and Procept outside of the submitted work. He has received speaker fees from Bayer and Siemens.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Four of the authors have significant statistical expertise (A.U., J.U., S.P., L.K.).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Statistics and biometry","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was given by all patients prior to study inclusion.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"None.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","label":"Study subjects or cohorts overlap","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"order":7,"name":"Ethics","label":"Methodology","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}}]}}