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The study is focused on a cohort of elderly age-matched dogs (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200934, age\u2009~\u200910\u00a0years) from a single breed\u2014Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS)\u2014with a high incidence of MMVD. The cohort comprises 19 dogs (10\u2640, 9\u2642) without MMVD-associated CHF, and 15 dogs (6\u2640, 9\u2642) with CHF caused by MMVD; i.e., we compare gene expression in breed and age-matched groups of dogs, which only differ with respect to CHF status. We identify 56 genes, which are differentially expressed between the two groups. In this list of genes, we confirm an enrichment of genes related to the TNF\u03b2-signaling pathway, extracellular matrix organization, vascular development, and endothelium damage, which also have been identified in previous studies. However, the genes with the greatest difference in expression between the two groups are\n                    <jats:italic>CNTN3<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>MYH1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Both genes encode proteins, which are predicted to have an effect on the contractile activity of myocardial cells, which in turn may have an effect on valvular performance and hemodynamics across the mitral valve. This may result in shear forces with impact on MMVD progression.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00335-023-10024-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T05:02:08Z","timestamp":1699419728000},"page":"77-89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Mitral valve transcriptome analysis in thirty-four age-matched Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with or without congestive heart failure caused by myxomatous mitral valve disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Maria J.","family":"Reimann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe","family":"Cremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liselotte","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emil","family":"Ibragimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Cirera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merete","family":"Fredholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisbeth H.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Karlskov-Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"10024_CR1","unstructured":"Andrews S (2010) FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data."},{"key":"10024_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.02.009","volume":"65","author":"AW Asgar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Asgar AW, Mack MJ, Stone GW (2015) Secondary mitral regurgitation in heart failure: pathophysiology, prognosis, and therapeutic considerations. 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