{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T06:09:05Z","timestamp":1768975745465,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649462400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002969","name":"Technologick\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TH03030236"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TH03030236"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006533","name":"Ministerstvo Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MZE-RO1722"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MZE-RO1722"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006533","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Plant Growth Regul"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study deals with the determination of germinability of black medick (<jats:italic>Medicago lupulina<\/jats:italic> L.) seeds in conditions of different drought intensity induced by different concentrations of PEG 8000 solutions (0.2; 0.4; 0.6\u00a0mol). Four batches of seed were tested (Ekola 2\u20135). At the same time, the influence of boron, some other elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Mn) and compounds (starch, lipids and sugars) contents in black medick seeds on their germinability (percentages of germinated, dead and hard seeds) was evaluated. The effect of drought was manifested by germination which was reduced max. by 8% as compared with the control variant and was only partially significant. Statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) negative correlations (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u00a00.64) were recorded between germinability and the boron content in the seeds, and positive correlations were found between the percentages of hard seeds and the boron content in the seeds. The results show that the higher content of boron in the seeds of black medick increases the proportion of hard seeds at the expense of the germinated seeds percentages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-022-10652-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]],"date-time":"2022-04-09T07:04:41Z","timestamp":1649487881000},"page":"1704-1719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Influence of Boron and Drought Simulation on Germinability and Hardseededness of Black Medick Seeds (Medicago lupulina L.)"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0031-083X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton\u00edn","family":"Kintl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3075-7042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Hu\u0148ady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1609-4745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vlad\u011bna","family":"Ondriskov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4494-6039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tereza","family":"Hammerschmiedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1621-2019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Brtnick\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5237-722X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karel","family":"Vejra\u017eka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zuzana","family":"Kub\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6401-1516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Elbl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10652_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.24297\/jaa.v8i1.7116","volume":"8","author":"S Alamris","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alamris S, Siddiqui MH, Al-Khaishani M, Ali HM (2018) Boron induces seed germination and seedling growth of Hordeum vulgare L. under NaCl stress. J Adv Agric 8(1):1224\u20131234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24297\/jaa.v8i1.7116","journal-title":"J Adv Agric"},{"key":"10652_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1590\/S0001-37652012000300024","volume":"84","author":"NL Alencar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alencar NL, Innecco R, Gomes-Filho E, Gall\u00e4o MI, Alvarez-Pizarro JC, Prisco JT, Jos\u00e9 T, De Oliveira A (2012) Seed reserve composition and mobilization during germination and early seedling establishment of Cereus jamacaru D.C. ssp. jamacaru (Cactaceae). An Acad Bras Cienc 84:823\u2013832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S0001-37652012000300024","journal-title":"An Acad Bras Cienc"},{"key":"10652_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1080\/01904167.2015.1047523","volume":"39","author":"PN Archana","year":"2016","unstructured":"Archana PN (2016) Physiological and biochemical effects of boron toxicity in mustard during the seedling stage. J Plant Nutr 39:820\u2013827. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01904167.2015.1047523","journal-title":"J Plant Nutr"},{"key":"10652_CR4","unstructured":"B\u00e4jesci I, Chiriac A (1984) Distribu\u0163ia microelementelor in solurile din Rom\u00e2nia (implica\u0163ii \u00een agricultur\u0103). Ceres, Bucure\u015fti"},{"key":"10652_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007924026633","volume":"51","author":"R Balasaraswathi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Balasaraswathi R, Sadasivam S (1997) Changes in oil, sugars and nitrogenous components during germination of sunflower seeds, Helianthus annuus. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 51:71\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1007924026633","journal-title":"Plant Foods Hum Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10652_CR7","first-page":"500","volume":"23","author":"N Baloch","year":"2013","unstructured":"Baloch N, Kakar AM, Nabis S, Wajid Z, Kakar MA, Alkahraman D (2013) In vitro antimicrobial, insecticidal, antitumor activities and their phytochemical estimation of methanolic extract and its fractions of medickago lupulina leaves. World Appl Sci J 23(4):500\u2013506","journal-title":"World Appl Sci J"},{"key":"10652_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1006\/eesa.1999.1765","volume":"43","author":"GS Banuelos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Banuelos GS, Ajwa HA, C\u00e1ceres L, Dyer D (1999) Germination responses and boron accumulation in germplasm from Chile and the United States grown with boron-enriched water. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 43:62\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/eesa.1999.1765","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"10652_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01563","volume":"8","author":"N Bellaloui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bellaloui N, Smith JR, Mengistu A (2017) Seed nutrition and quality, seed coat boron and lignin are influenced by delayed harvest in exotically-derived soybean breeding lines under high heat. Front Plant Sci 8:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2017.01563","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/0-306-47624-X_105","volume-title":"Distribution of micronutrients in maize grain and their mobilisation during germination","author":"N Bityutskii","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bityutskii N, Magnitski S, Lapshina I, Lukina E, Soloviova A, Patsevith V (2001) Distribution of micronutrients in maize grain and their mobilisation during germination. Springer, Dordrecht"},{"key":"10652_CR11","first-page":"105","volume":"95","author":"A Boe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boe A, Bortnem R, Johnson P (2017) Changes in weight and germinability of black medick seed over a growing season, with a new seed predator. Proc South Dakota Acad Sci 95:105","journal-title":"Proc South Dakota Acad Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR12","first-page":"20","volume":"31","author":"M Bolland","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bolland M, Riley M, Thomson B, Paynter B, Baker M (1990) Seed phosphorus - its effect on plant production. J Agric (western Australia) 31:20\u201322","journal-title":"J Agric (western Australia)"},{"issue":"5\u20136","key":"10652_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1080\/00103628909368099","volume":"20","author":"RA Bowman","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bowman RA (1989) A rapid plant digestion method for analysis of \u03c1 and certain cations by inductively coupled plasma emission spektrometry. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal 20(5\u20136):539\u2013533","journal-title":"Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal"},{"key":"10652_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-25740","volume":"4","author":"PH Brown","year":"2002","unstructured":"Brown PH, Bellaloui N, Wimmer MA, Bassil ES, Ruiz J, Hu H, Pfeffer H, Dannel F, Romheld V (2002) Boron in plant biology. Plant Biol 4:205\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2002-25740","journal-title":"Plant Biol"},{"key":"10652_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2003.01707.x","volume":"34","author":"SM Brady","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brady SM, Sarkar SF, Bonetta D, Mccourt P (2003) The Abscisic Acid Insensitive 3 (ABI3) gene is modulated by farnesylation and is involved in auxin signaling and lateral root development in Arabidopsis. Plant J 34:67\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2003.01707.x","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"10652_CR16","volume-title":"Fiziologia plantelor de cultur\u0103","author":"I Burzo","year":"1999","unstructured":"Burzo I, Toma S, Craciun C, Voican V, Dobrescu A, Delian E (1999) Fiziologia plantelor de cultur\u0103. Poligrafic\u0103 \u015etiin\u0163a, Chi\u015fin\u0103u"},{"key":"10652_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2003.12.003","volume":"161","author":"JJ Camacho-Cristobal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Camacho-Cristobal JJ, Lunar L, Lafont F, Baumert A, Gonzalez-Fontes A (2004) Boron deficiency causes accumulation of chlorogenic acid and caffeoyl polyamine conjugates in tobacco leaves. J Plant Physiol 161:879\u2013881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jplph.2003.12.003","journal-title":"J Plant Physiol"},{"key":"10652_CR18","unstructured":"Caramete C, Caramete A, Corbean S, Dumitrescu F, Idriceanu A, Popescu S, S\u00e4ndulache R, Stan S, Vine\u015f I (1974) Nutri\u0163ia plantelor \u015fi aplicarea \u00eengr\u0103\u015f\u0103mintelor. Ceres."},{"issue":"11","key":"10652_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1746","volume":"6","author":"DJ Cosgrove","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cosgrove DJ (2005) Growth of the plant cell wall. Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio 6(11):850\u2013861. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrm1746","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio"},{"key":"10652_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1004264009230","volume":"193","author":"B Dell","year":"1997","unstructured":"Dell B, Huang L (1997) Physiological response of plants to low boron. Plant Soil 193:103\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1004264009230","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10652_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.2134\/agronj2005.0353","volume":"98","author":"C Dordas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dordas C (2006) Foliar boron application improves seed set, seed yield, and seed quality of alfalfa. Agron J 98:907\u2013913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2134\/agronj2005.0353","journal-title":"Agron J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10652_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1515\/eko-2016-0017","volume":"35","author":"T El Rasafi","year":"2016","unstructured":"El Rasafi T, Nouri M, Bouda S, Haddioui A (2016) The effect of Cd, Zn and Fe on seed germination and early seedling growth of wheat and bean. Ekol\u00f3gia 35(3):213\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/eko-2016-0017","journal-title":"Ekol\u00f3gia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10652_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.13189\/ujps.2017.050402","volume":"5","author":"M Faijunnahar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Faijunnahar M, Baque A, Habib MA, Hossain THMM (2017) Polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced changes in germination, seedling growth and water relation behavior of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes. Univers J Plant Sci 5(4):49\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13189\/ujps.2017.050402","journal-title":"Univers J Plant Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-2670(98)00795-8","volume":"382","author":"LE Garc\u0131\u0301yuso","year":"1999","unstructured":"Garc\u0131\u0301yuso LE, Luque de Castro M (1999) A multivariate study of the performance of a microwave-assisted Soxhlet extractor for olive seeds. Anal Chim Acta 382:309\u2013316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0003-2670(98)00795-8","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"10652_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.01.019","volume":"40","author":"PK Gill","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gill PK, Sharma AD, Singh P, Bhullar SS (2003) Changes in germination, growth and soluble sugar contents of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench seeds under various abiotic stresses. Plant Growth Regul 40:157\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.01.019","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul"},{"issue":"4","key":"10652_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.17221\/855\/2014-PSE","volume":"61","author":"C Gyuricza","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gyuricza C, Smutn\u00fd V, Percze A, P\u00f3sa B, Birk\u00e1s M (2015) Soil condition threats in two seasons of extreme weather conditions. Plant Soil Environ 61(4):151\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17221\/855\/2014-PSE","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ"},{"key":"10652_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.1981.tb05040.x","volume":"53","author":"J Gorham","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gorham J, Hughes L, Jones R (2006) Low-molecular-Weight carbohydrates in some salt-stressed plants. Physiol Plant 53:27\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1399-3054.1981.tb05040.x","journal-title":"Physiol Plant"},{"issue":"2","key":"10652_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.5897\/AJPS2014.1148","volume":"8","author":"A Habtamu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Habtamu A, Ibrahim H, Urgecha F, Worku N (2014) Influence of boron on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Afr J Plant Sci 8(2):133\u2013139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5897\/AJPS2014.1148","journal-title":"Afr J Plant Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10652_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.17221\/801\/2016-PSE","volume":"63","author":"M Handlirova","year":"2017","unstructured":"Handlirova M, Lukas V, Smutn\u00fd V (2017) Yield and soil coverage of catch crops and their impact on the yield of spring barely. Plant Soil Environ 63(5):195\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17221\/801\/2016-PSE","journal-title":"Plant Soil Environ"},{"key":"10652_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111011","author":"L Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen L, Xia F, Mingya W, Wanf W, Mao P (2020) Metabolomic analyses of alfalfa (Medickago sativa L. cv. \u2018Aohan\u2019) reproductive organs under boron deficiency and surplus conditions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111011","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"10652_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1515\/eces-2018-0042","volume":"25","author":"J Chmielowska-B\u0105k","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chmielowska-B\u0105k J, Zinicovscaia I, Frontasyeva M, Milczarek A, Micheli S, Vysochanska M, Deckert J (2018) Soybean seedlings enriched with iron and magnesium\u2014impact on germination, growth and antioxidant properties. Ecol Chem Eng S 25:631\u2013641. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/eces-2018-0042","journal-title":"Ecol Chem Eng S"},{"key":"10652_CR32","unstructured":"ISTA (2017) International Rules for Seed Testing, 2017"},{"key":"10652_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1984.tb04122.x","volume":"97","author":"BC Jarvis","year":"1984","unstructured":"Jarvis BC, Yasmin S, Ali AHN, Hunt R (1984) The interaction between auxin and boron in adventitious root development. New Phytol 97:197\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-8137.1984.tb04122.x","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"10652_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420025293","volume-title":"Laboratory guide for conducting soil tests and plant analysis","author":"JB Jones Jr","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jones JB Jr (2001) Laboratory guide for conducting soil tests and plant analysis. CRC Press, Boca Raton. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9781420025293"},{"key":"10652_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024252222376","volume":"40","author":"P Kaur Gill","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kaur Gill P, Sharma A, Singh P, Bhullar S (2003) Changes in germination, growth and soluble sugar contents of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench seeds under various abiotic stresses. Plant Growth Regul 40:157\u2013162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1024252222376","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul"},{"key":"10652_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10040724","volume":"10","author":"A Kintl","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kintl A, Hu\u0148ady I, Vymyslick\u00fd T, Ondriskov\u00e1 V, Hammerschmiedt T, Brtnick\u00fd M, Elbl J (2021) Effect of seed coating and PEG-induced drought on the germination capacity of five clover crops. Plants 10:724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/plants10040724","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"10652_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.3390\/agronomy10091407","volume":"10","author":"A Kintl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kintl A, Elbl J, Vitez T et al (2020) Possibilities of using white sweetclover grown in mixture with maize for biomethane production. Agronomy 10:1407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/agronomy10091407","journal-title":"Agronomy"},{"key":"10652_CR38","unstructured":"Kintl\u00a0A,\u00a0Elbl\u00a0J,\u00a0Kadankova\u00a0P\u00a0et\u00a0al (2019) Drought Tolerance of the Seeds of White Sweet Clover (Melilotus albus Medik.). In: Conference: 14th Scientific and Technical Seminar on Seed and Seedlings Location, \u200fPrague, Czech Republic"},{"key":"10652_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3367","DOI":"10.3390\/su10103367","volume":"10","author":"A Kintl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kintl A, Elbl J, Lo\u0161\u00e1k T, Vaverkov\u00e1 MD, Ned\u011bln\u00edk J (2018) Mixed intercropping of wheat and white clover to enhance the sustainability of the conventional cropping system: effects on biomass production and leaching of mineral nitrogen. Sustainability 10:3367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su10103367","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"1","key":"10652_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02035-1","volume":"7","author":"J Kolodziejek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kolodziejek J (2017) Effect of seed position and soil nutrients on seed mass, germination and seedling growth in Peucedanum oreoselinum (Apiaceae). Sci Rep 7(1):1959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-02035-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"10652_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.5539\/jas.v4n8p86","volume":"4","author":"K K\u00fcchenmeister","year":"2012","unstructured":"K\u00fcchenmeister K, K\u00fcchenmeister F, Wrage N, Kayser M, Isselstein J (2012) Establishment and early yield development of five possible alternatives to Trifolium repens as a grassland legume. J Agric Sci 4(8):86\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5539\/jas.v4n8p86","journal-title":"J Agric Sci"},{"issue":"4","key":"10652_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.22069\/IJPP.2013.1265","volume":"7","author":"K K\u00fcchenmeister","year":"2013","unstructured":"K\u00fcchenmeister K, K\u00fcchenmeister F, Kayser M, Wrage-M\u00f6nnig N, Isselstein J (2013) Influence of drought stress on nutritive value of perennial forage legumes. Int J Plant Prod 7(4):693\u2013710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22069\/IJPP.2013.1265","journal-title":"Int J Plant Prod"},{"key":"10652_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1978.03615995004200030009x","volume":"42","author":"WL Lindsay","year":"1978","unstructured":"Lindsay WL, Norvell WA (1978) Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. Soil Sci Soc Am J 42:421\u2013428","journal-title":"Soil Sci Soc Am J"},{"key":"10652_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.12279","volume":"153","author":"GD Liu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Liu GD, Dong XC, Liu LC, Wu LS, Peng SA, Jiang CC (2015) Metabolic profiling reveals altered pattern of central metabolism in navel orange plants as a result of boron deficiency. Physiol Plant 153:513\u2013524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppl.12279","journal-title":"Physiol Plant"},{"key":"10652_CR45","volume-title":"Analytical methods of soil agrochemistry","author":"RK Lu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lu RK (1999) Analytical methods of soil agrochemistry. Chinese Agriculture Science and Technology Press, Beijing"},{"key":"10652_CR46","volume-title":"Mineral nutrition of higher plants","author":"H Marschner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Marschner H (1995) Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press, San Diego"},{"key":"10652_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12088","author":"IG Matsoukas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsoukas IG, Massiah AJ, Thomas B (2013) Starch metabolism and antiflorigenic signals modulate the juvenile-to-adult phase transition in Arabidopsis. Plant Cell Environ. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pce.12088","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ"},{"key":"10652_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1007\/s12161-016-0713-1","volume":"10","author":"G Marrubini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marrubini G, Papetti A, Genorini E, Ulrici A (2017) Determination of the sugar content in commercial plant milks by near infrared spectroscopy and Luff-Schoorl total glucose titration. Food Anal Methods 10:1556\u20131567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12161-016-0713-1","journal-title":"Food Anal Methods"},{"issue":"8","key":"10652_CR49","first-page":"1563","volume":"4","author":"HRS Muhammad","year":"2013","unstructured":"Muhammad HRS, Tasveer ZB, Uzma Y (2013) Boron irrigation effect on germination and morphological attributes of Zea mays cultivars (Cv.Afghoee & Cv Composite). Int J Sci Engi Res 4(8):1563\u20131569","journal-title":"Int J Sci Engi Res"},{"key":"10652_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1080\/17429145.2013.835880","volume":"9","author":"A Muscolo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Muscolo A, Sidari M, Anastasi U, Santonoceto C, Maggio A (2014) Effect of PEG-induced drought stress on seed germination of four lentil genotypes. J Plant Interact 9:354\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17429145.2013.835880","journal-title":"J Plant Interact"},{"key":"10652_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-004-3242-4","volume":"271","author":"ER Naegle","year":"2005","unstructured":"Naegle ER, Burton JW, Carter TE, Rufty T (2005) Influence of seed nitrogen content on seedling growth and recovery from nitrogen stress. Plant Soil 271:329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11104-004-3242-4","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"10652_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1071\/AR01115","volume":"53","author":"H Norman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Norman H, Cocks P, Galwey N (2002) Hardseededness in annual clovers: Variation between populations from wet and dry environments. Crop Pasture Sci 53:821\u2013829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/AR01115","journal-title":"Crop Pasture Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR53","unstructured":"Nowosielski O (1968) Metody oznaczania potrzeb nawo\u017cenia. Pa\u0144stwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Le\u0144ne. Warszawa, 668"},{"key":"10652_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.21273\/JASHS.122.3.405","volume":"122","author":"AMS Nyomora","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nyomora AMS, Brown PH, Freeman M (1997) Fall foliar applied boron increases tissue boron concentration and nut set of almond. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 122:405\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21273\/JASHS.122.3.405","journal-title":"J Am Soc Hortic Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR55","first-page":"111","volume":"62","author":"H \u00d6l\u00e7er","year":"2007","unstructured":"\u00d6l\u00e7er H, Koca\u00e7aliskan I (2007) Excess boron reduces polyphenol oxidase activities in embryo and endosperm of maize seed during germination. J Biosci 62:111\u2013115","journal-title":"J Biosci"},{"key":"10652_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2012.07.003","volume":"27","author":"N Pandey","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pandey N, Gupta B (2013) The impact of foliar boron sprays on reproductive biology and seed quality of black gram. J Trace Elem Med Biol 27:58\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2012.07.003","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"10652_CR57","first-page":"345","volume":"79","author":"C Patan\u00e8","year":"2008","unstructured":"Patan\u00e8 C, Cosentino S, Venera C (2008) Hardseededness in two medickago species as affected by water stress during seed development. Opt M\u00e9dit\u00e9rr 79:345\u2013348","journal-title":"Opt M\u00e9dit\u00e9rr"},{"key":"10652_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1086\/285550","volume":"142","author":"T Philippi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Philippi T (1993) Bet-hedging germination of desert annuals: beyond the f\u00eerst year. Am Nat 142:474\u2013487","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"key":"10652_CR59","volume-title":"Food analysis","author":"Y Pomeranz","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pomeranz Y, Meloan CE (1994) Carbohydrates. In: Pomeranz Y, Meloan CE (eds) Food analysis. Springer, Boston"},{"key":"10652_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009725311624","volume":"48","author":"B Rerkasem","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rerkasem B, Bell R, Lodkaew S, Loneragen JF (1997) Relationship of seed boron concentration to germination and growth of soybean (t Glycine max). Nut Cycl Agroecosys 48:217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1009725311624","journal-title":"Nut Cycl Agroecosys"},{"key":"10652_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-6998-5_36","volume-title":"Effect of metal toxicity on plant growth and metabolism","author":"GJ Rout","year":"2003","unstructured":"Rout GJ, Das P (2003) Effect of metal toxicity on plant growth and metabolism. Springer, Dordrecht. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4615-6998-5_36"},{"key":"10652_CR62","unstructured":"Ryan J, Estefan G, Rashid A (2001) Soil and plant analysis lab manual. 2nd ed. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan."},{"issue":"6","key":"10652_CR63","first-page":"14","volume":"3","author":"IR Shaikh","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shaikh IR, Shaikh PR, Shaikh RA, Shaikh AA (2013) Phytotoxic effects of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Mn and Zn) on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seed germination and seedlings growth in black cotton soil of Nanded. India. Res J Chem Sci 3(6):14\u201323","journal-title":"India. Res J Chem Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1086\/336913","volume":"138","author":"SS Sidhu","year":"1977","unstructured":"Sidhu SS, Cavers PB (1977) Maturity-dormancy relationships in attached and detached seeds of medickago lupulina L. (black medickk). Bot Gaz 138:174\u2013182","journal-title":"Bot Gaz"},{"key":"10652_CR65","unstructured":"Sidhu SS (1971) Some aspects of the ecology of black medickk (medickago lupulina L.). Ph.D. Thesis, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontorio, Canada"},{"key":"10652_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2113(02)79006-8","volume":"79","author":"M Smetham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Smetham M (2003) A review of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.): its ecology, and use as a pasture legume in Australasia. Adv Agron 79:303\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0065-2113(02)79006-8","journal-title":"Adv Agron"},{"key":"10652_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1537-2197.1932.tb08859.x","volume":"19","author":"OA Stevens","year":"1932","unstructured":"Stevens OA (1932) The number and weight of seeds produced by weeds. Amer J Bot 19:784\u2013794","journal-title":"Amer J Bot"},{"key":"10652_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/pesd-2015-0038","author":"A Stratu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stratu A, Costica N (2015) The influence of zinc on seed germination and growth in the first ontogenetic stages in the species Cucumis melo L. Pres Environ Sustain Dev. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/pesd-2015-0038","journal-title":"Pres Environ Sustain Dev"},{"key":"10652_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1007\/BF0002503810.1007\/BF00025038","volume":"137","author":"D Tang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tang D, Wei F, Qin S, Khan A, Kashif MH, Zhou R (2019) Polyethylene glycol induced drought stress strongly influences seed germination, root morphology and ytoplasmo f different kenaf genotypes. Ind Crop Prod. 137:180\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF0002503810.1007\/BF00025038","journal-title":"Ind Crop Prod."},{"key":"10652_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3906\/biy-1012-164","volume":"36","author":"M Tongu\u00e7","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tongu\u00e7 M, Elkoyunu R, Erba\u015f S, Karakurt Y (2012) Changes in seed reserve composition during germination and initial seedling development of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Turk J Biol 36:107\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3906\/biy-1012-164","journal-title":"Turk J Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10652_CR71","first-page":"322","volume":"24","author":"T Tsonev","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tsonev T, Lindon FJC (2012) Zinc in plants\u2014an overview. Emir J Food Agric 24(4):322\u2013333","journal-title":"Emir J Food Agric"},{"key":"10652_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.4141\/cjps79-015","volume":"59","author":"R Turkington","year":"1979","unstructured":"Turkington R, Cavers P (1979) The biology of Canadian weeds. 33. medickago lupulina L. Can J Plant Sci 59:99\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4141\/cjps79-015","journal-title":"Can J Plant Sci"},{"key":"10652_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.2011.02346.x","volume":"34","author":"C Vandecasteele","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vandecasteele C, Teulat-Merah B, Mor\u00e9re-Le Paven MC, Leprince O, Ly VuB, Viau L, Ledroit L, Pelletier S, Payet N, Satour P, Lebkas C, Gallardo K, Huguet T, Limani AM, Prosperi JM, Buitink J (2011) QTL analysis reveals a correlation between the ratio of sucrose\/raffinose family oligosaccharides and seed vigour in medickago truncatula. Plant Cell Environ 34:1473\u20131487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-3040.2011.02346.x","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ"},{"key":"10652_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1071\/A96144","volume":"48","author":"SK Yau","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yau SK, Saxena MC (1997) Variation in growth, development, and yield of durum wheat in response to high soil boron. I. Average effects. Aust J Agric Res 48:945\u2013950. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1071\/A96144","journal-title":"Aust J Agric Res"},{"key":"10652_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2011.05.016","volume":"78","author":"A Zehra","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zehra A, Gul B, Ansari R, Khan MA (2012) Role of calcium in alleviating effect of salinity on germination of Phragmites karka seeds. S Afr J Bot 78:122\u2013128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sajb.2011.05.016","journal-title":"S Afr J Bot"},{"key":"10652_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcq259","volume":"107","author":"S Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang S, Zhao CH, Lamb E (2010) Cotyledon damage affects seed number through final plant size in the annual grassland species medickago lupulina. Ann Bot 107:437\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aob\/mcq259","journal-title":"Ann Bot"}],"container-title":["Journal of Plant Growth Regulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00344-022-10652-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00344-022-10652-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00344-022-10652-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T11:12:40Z","timestamp":1679397160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00344-022-10652-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10652"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00344-022-10652-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0721-7595","1435-8107"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0721-7595","type":"print"},{"value":"1435-8107","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 June 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 March 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 April 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}