{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:09:05Z","timestamp":1787620145961,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]],"date-time":"2025-01-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012320","name":"Otto-von-Guericke-Universit\u00e4t Magdeburg","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Urol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS) is a clinically validated instrument to assess symptoms and quality of life in women with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTIs). A previous study examining the content validity of the German version of the ACSS has shown some methodological limitations when rated against the criteria for content validity of the COnsensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) initiative. Extending the existing evidence, the present study aimed to assess the content validity of the German version of the ACSS according to the criteria of the COSMIN methodology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In individual cognitive interviews following a structured, standardized interview guide, women with a history of uUTI and experts from different medical fields rated the instructions, items, response options and recall period of the ACSS in terms of relevance, comprehensiveness and comprehensibility. Additionally, the Content Validity Index (CVI) was calculated based on expert assessments to quantify content validity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 14 patients and 14 experts participated in two rounds of interviews. The overall relevance and comprehensiveness of the instrument were rated as appropriate. Modifications focused on improving comprehensibility. Ten items underwent minor modifications or were given examples to enhance comprehensibility. The scales of five items were linguistically revised. Confirming good content validity, CVI was 0.97.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Comprehensive qualitative assessments support content validity of the ACSS for evaluating symptoms and quality of life in women with uUTIs. Minor modifications addressed comprehensibility. Psychometric validation of the revised ACSS is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-024-05406-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T05:21:05Z","timestamp":1741929665000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["New evidence for content validity of the German version of the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score: cognitive interview study among patients and experts"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Nestler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Apfelbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ebru","family":"\u00d6zkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Naber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Piontek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"5406_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mancuso G, Midiri A, Gerace E et al (2023) Urinary Tract Infections: The Current Scenario and Future Prospects. Pathogens 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens12040623","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12040623"},{"key":"5406_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3432","volume":"13","author":"AL Flores-Mireles","year":"2015","unstructured":"Flores-Mireles AL, Walker JN, Caparon M et al (2015) Urinary tract infections: epidemiology, mechanisms of infection and treatment options. Nat Rev Microbiol 13:269\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro3432","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"5406_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-019-05256-z","volume":"300","author":"S Wawrysiuk","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wawrysiuk S, Naber K, Rechberger T et al (2019) Prevention and treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in the era of increasing antimicrobial resistance-non-antibiotic approaches: a systemic review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 300:821\u2013828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00404-019-05256-z","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"5406_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.2147\/PROM.S156279","volume":"9","author":"R Mercieca-Bebber","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mercieca-Bebber R, King MT, Calvert MJ et al (2018) The importance of patient-reported outcomes in clinical trials and strategies for future optimization. Patient Relat Outcome Meas 9:353\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/PROM.S156279","journal-title":"Patient Relat Outcome Meas"},{"key":"5406_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13254","volume":"24","author":"K Churruca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Churruca K, Pomare C, Ellis LA et al (2021) Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): A review of generic and condition-specific measures and a discussion of trends and issues. Health Expect 24:1015\u20131024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hex.13254","journal-title":"Health Expect"},{"key":"5406_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1159\/000356177","volume":"92","author":"JF Alidjanov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alidjanov JF, Abdufattaev UA, Makhsudov SA et al (2014) New self-reporting questionnaire to assess urinary tract infections and differential diagnosis: acute cystitis symptom score. Urol Int 92:230\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000356177","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"5406_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1007\/s00120-017-0327-2","volume":"56","author":"JF Alidjanov","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alidjanov JF, Pilatz A, Abdufattaev UA et al (2017) Neuer Fragebogen zur deutschen Validierung des \u201eAcute Cystitis Symptom Score (New questionnaire for the German validation of the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score). Urologe A 56:364\u2013366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00120-017-0327-2","journal-title":"Urologe A"},{"key":"5406_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-019-02948-8","volume":"38","author":"JF Alidjanov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alidjanov JF, Naber KG, Pilatz A et al (2020) Additional assessment of Acute Cystitis Symptom Score questionnaire for patient-reported outcome measure in female patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis: part II. World J Urol 38:1977\u20131988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00345-019-02948-8","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"5406_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-019-02761-3","volume":"38","author":"JF Alidjanov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alidjanov JF, Naber KG, Pilatz A et al (2020) Evaluation of the draft guidelines proposed by EMA and FDA for the clinical diagnosis of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. 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All study participants gave written informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"CA received institutional funding from Bionorica SE and Dr Wolf Group and consultancy fees from Bionorica SE, Dr Wolff Group, Rheacell, Sanofi, Pfizer, LEOPharma and Incyte for services related to patient-reported outcome measures. KN is one of the copyright holders of the ACSS, and received consultancy fees from Bionorica, BioMerieux, GlaxoSmithKline, Immunotek, Ingenion Medical, Johnson & Johnson, MIP Pharma, and OM Pharma. All other authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"86"}}