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Groups were matched for age, prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Qmax and post-void residual urine. Procedural success required simultaneous achievement of all the following: \u226550% IPSS reduction, \u2265\u200950% Qmax improvement, \u2265\u200950% (or \u2265\u20091-point) QoL improvement, absence of intraoperative or Clavien\u2013Dindo grade\u2009\u2265\u2009III complications, preservation of erectile and ejaculatory function, and no retreatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Rez\u016bm was mostly performed as an outpatient procedure (89.6%), while all TURP patients required admission (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Catheterization duration was longer after Rez\u016bm (5 vs. 1.5 days,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Both techniques significantly improved IPSS, Qmax, PVR, and PSA with no difference in median changes. Ejaculatory preservation favored Rez\u016bm (87.5% vs. 50.0%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), whereas retreatment was more frequent (46.9% vs. 15.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Overall procedural success was comparable (53.1% vs. 47.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.47). Median follow-up was 46 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rez\u016bm and TURP achieved similar overall procedural success. Rez\u016bm offered superior sexual function preservation and outpatient feasibility, whereas TURP provided greater long-term durability, supporting tailored treatment selection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-026-06315-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T07:53:25Z","timestamp":1772006005000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Real-world comparison of Rez\u016bm\u00ae water vapor therapy and transurethral resection of the prostate using a pragmatic composite definition of procedural success"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Teresa","family":"Pina-Vaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6753-7206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Costa Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Henriques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Antunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Martins-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Alturas","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Afonso","family":"Morgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"6315_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e754","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00213-6","volume":"3","author":"AF Awedew","year":"2022","unstructured":"Awedew AF, Han H, Abbasi B et al (2022) The global, regional, and national burden of benign prostatic hyperplasia in 204 countries and territories from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. 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