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Negative culture (nUC) received single-dose prophylaxis; pUC received targeted therapy and repeat culture. Persistent pUC underwent RIRS under antibiotic coverage. IC within 30 days were recorded. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the 1,122 RIRS included, peristent pUC was found in 19.6% (220\/1,122). Overall IC rate was 8.9% (100), including minor IC (Clavien I\u2013II: 8.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200993), urosepsis (IVb: 0.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20096), and one death due to septic shock (V). IC were significantly more frequent in pUC patients (13.2% vs. 8.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.01). pUC group had significantly more females (62.6% vs. 34.1%), higher age (60.5\u2009\u00b1\u200915.7 vs. 55.8\u2009\u00b1\u200913.6 years), larger stones (12.7\u2009\u00b1\u20096.3 vs. 11.6\u2009\u00b1\u20095.2\u00a0mm) and higher comorbidity (CCI\u2009\u2265\u20092: 65.2% vs. 57.1%) \u2013 all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05. On multivariable analysis, pUC (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.06\u20133.08,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) and female sex (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.02\u20132.75,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04) resulted independent predictors of IC. Limitations include the observational single-center design.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Persistent asymptomatic bacteriuria increases the risk of postoperative IC after RIRS, despite guideline-based targeted therapy. Careful perioperative management, particularly in pUC and female patients, is essential to limit IC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-026-06412-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T06:48:08Z","timestamp":1779173288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Persistent asymptomatic bacteriuria despite targeted antibiotic treatment predicts infectious complications after RIRS: a 10-year experience with 1122 procedures"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8511-897X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Bosio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"Alessandria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glauco","family":"Bertello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Gozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Micai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenia","family":"Vercelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Ossella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Sanfilippo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Bisconti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Fop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Gontero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"6412_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2022.06.014","volume":"9","author":"RM Geraghty","year":"2023","unstructured":"Geraghty RM, Davis NF, Tzelves L, Lombardo R, Yuan C, Thomas K, Petrik A, Neisius A, T\u00fcrk C, Gambaro G, Skolarikos A, Somani BK (2023) Best practice in interventional management of urolithiasis: an update from the European Association of Urology Guidelines Panel for Urolithiasis 2022. 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