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For the clinical component, only anonymized intraoperative images, video clips, and device-performance ratings were collected and analyzed; no patient-identifiable data were recorded, and standard clinical management was not altered for the purposes of this study. In accordance with institutional policy, formal ethics committee approval was not required for this anonymized, non-interventional device assessment. All procedures were performed in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"A multimodal evaluation of 19 commercially available single-use flexible ureteroscopes demonstrated substantial variability in optical and mechanical performance. No single device was superior across all domains, highlighting the importance of selecting ureteroscopes according to the intended clinical application rather than a single performance metric.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Social media statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Clinical Trial Registrations","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"715"}}