{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T02:23:37Z","timestamp":1773282217003,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]],"date-time":"2007-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,1]],"date-time":"2007-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmologe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,25]],"date-time":"2007-05-25T11:52:13Z","timestamp":1180093933000},"page":"603-616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Okul\u00e4re Toxoplasmose","Ocular toxoplasmosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"U.","family":"Pleyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Torun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Liesenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1535_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1964.00970010074010","volume":"71","author":"Acers","year":"1964","unstructured":"Acers TE (1964) Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: a double blind therapeutic study. Arch Ophthalmol 71: 58\u201362","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1086\/342663","volume":"186","author":"Ajzenberg","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ajzenberg D, Cogne N, Paris L et al. (2002) Genotype of 86 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with human congenital toxoplasmosis, and correlation with clinical findings. J Infect Dis 186: 684\u2013689","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(02)00990-9","volume":"109","author":"Bosch-Driessen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bosch-Driessen LE, Berendschot TT, Ongkosuwito JV et al. (2002) Ocular toxoplasmosis: clinical features and prognosis of 154 patients. Ophthalmology 109: 869\u2013878","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1535_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(98)96004-3","volume":"105","author":"Burnett","year":"1998","unstructured":"Burnett AJ, Shortt SG, Isaac-Renton J et al. (1998) Multiple cases of acquired toxoplasmic retinitis presenting in an outbreak. Ophthalmology 105: 1032\u20131037","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1535_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899002071","volume":"122","author":"Chapman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chapman DJ, Ashburn D, Ogston SA et al. (1999) The relationship between ocular toxoplasmosis and levels of specific Toxoplasma antobodies. Epidemiol Infect 122: 299\u2013303","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"1535_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73975-3","volume":"114","author":"Cochereau-Massin","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cochereau-Massin I, LeHoang P, Lautier-Frau M et al. (1992) Ocular toxoplasmosis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Am J Ophthalmol 114: 130\u2013135","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000054792","volume":"88","author":"Cornelissen","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cornelissen AW, Overdulve JP, Ploeg M van der (1984) Determination of nuclear DNA of five eucoccidian parasites, Isospora (Toxoplasma) gondii, Sarcocystis cruzi, Eimeria tenella, E acervulina and Plasmodium berghei, with special reference to gamontogenesis and meiosis in I. (T.) gondii. Parasitology 88: 531\u2013553","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"1535_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81071-5","volume":"84","author":"Dobrowolski","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dobrowolski JM, Sibley LD (1996) Toxoplasma invasion of mammalian cells is powered by the actin cytoskeleton of the parasite. Cell 84: 933\u2013939","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1535_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.132.4.636","volume":"132","author":"Dubey","year":"1970","unstructured":"Dubey JP, Miller NL, Frenkel JK (1970) The Toxoplasma gondii oocyst from cat feces. J Exp Med 132: 636\u2013662","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1535_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)08220-8","volume":"353","author":"Dunn","year":"1999","unstructured":"Dunn D, Wallon M, Peyron F et al. (1999) Mother-to-child transmission of toxoplasmosis: risk estimates for clinical counselling. Lancet 353: 1829\u20131833","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1535_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(86)80022-7","volume":"43","author":"Dutton","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dutton GN, McMenamin PG, Hay J et al. (1986) The ultrastructural pathology of congenital murine toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Part II: The morphology of the inflammatory changes. Exp Eye Res 43: 545\u2013560","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"1535_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73706-7","volume":"111","author":"Engstrom","year":"1991","unstructured":"Engstrom RE Jr, Holland GN, Nussenblatt RB et al. (1991) Current practices in the management of ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 111: 601\u2013610","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR13","first-page":"3228","volume":"42","author":"Feron","year":"2001","unstructured":"Feron EJ, Klaren VN, Wierenga EA et al. (2001) Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii-specific T cells recovered from vitreous fluid of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 42: 3228\u20133232","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1535_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(13)31511-5","volume":"100","author":"Fish","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fish RH, Hoskins JC, Kline LB (1993) Toxoplasmosis neuroretinitis. Ophthalmology 100: 1177\u20131182","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1535_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(84)34329-9","volume":"91","author":"Folk","year":"1984","unstructured":"Folk JC, Lobes LA (1984) Presumed toxoplasmic papillitis. Ophthalmology 91: 64\u201367","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1535_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)93095-Q","volume":"337","author":"Forsgren","year":"1991","unstructured":"Forsgren M, Gille E, Ljungstrom I et al. (1991) Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women in Stockholm in 1969, 1979, and 1987. Lancet 337: 1413\u20131414","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1535_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1038\/415926a","volume":"415","author":"Fox","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fox BA, Bzik DJ (2002) De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis is required for virulence of Toxoplasma gondii. Nature 415: 926\u2013929","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1535_CR18","unstructured":"Frenkel JK (1973) Toxoplasmosis: parasite life cycle pathology and immunology. In: Hammond DM, Long PL (Eds) The Coccidia. University Park Press, Baltimore, pp\u00a0343\u2013410"},{"key":"1535_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2307\/3277463","volume":"56","author":"Frenkel","year":"1970","unstructured":"Frenkel JK, Dubey JP, Miller N L et al. (1970) Toxoplasma gondii: a coccidian of cats, with a wide range of mammalian and avian intermediate hosts. J Parasitol 56: 107\u2013108","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"1535_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1969.00990010483005","volume":"81","author":"Friedmann","year":"1969","unstructured":"Friedmann CT, Knox DL (1969) Variations in recurrent active toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Arch Ophthalmol 81: 481\u2013493","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR21","first-page":"63","volume":"88","author":"Gagliuso","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gagliuso DJ, Teich SA, Friedman AH et al. (1990) Ocular toxoplasmosis in AIDS patients. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 88: 63\u201386","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"1535_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2005.00747.x","volume":"27","author":"Garweg","year":"2005","unstructured":"Garweg JG (2005) Determinants of immunodiagnostic success in human ocular toxoplasmosis. Parasite Immunol 27: 61\u201368","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"1535_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(84)90244-7","volume":"98","author":"Gaynon","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gaynon MW, Boldrey EE, Strahlman ER et al. (1984) Retinal neovascularization and ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 98: 585\u2013589","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1994.1022","volume":"78","author":"Gazzinelli","year":"1994","unstructured":"Gazzinelli RT, Brezin A, Li Q et al. (1994) Toxoplasma gondii: acquired ocular toxoplasmosis in the murine model, protective role of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. Exp Parasitol 78: 217\u2013229","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"1535_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.157.2.798","volume":"157","author":"Gazzinelli","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gazzinelli RT, Wysocka M, Hieny S et al. (1996) In the absence of endogenous IL-10, mice acutely infected with Toxoplasma gondii succumb to a lethal immune response dependent on CD4+ T cells and accompanied by overproduction of IL-12, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. J Immunol 157: 798\u2013805","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1535_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199448020-00005","volume":"48","author":"Georgiev","year":"1994","unstructured":"Georgiev VS (1994) Management of toxoplasmosis. Drugs 48: 179\u2013188","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"1535_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268899002800","volume":"123","author":"Gilbert","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gilbert RE, Dunn DT, Lightman S et al. (1999) Incidence of symptomatic toxoplasma eye disease: aetiology and public health implications. Epidemiol Infect 123: 283\u2013289","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"1535_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.84.2.224","volume":"84","author":"Gilbert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gilbert RE, Stanford MR (2000) Is ocular toxoplasmosis caused by prenatal or postnatal infection? Br J Ophthalmol 84: 224\u2013226","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)73976-5","volume":"114","author":"Glasner","year":"1992","unstructured":"Glasner PD, Silveira C, Kruszon-Moran D et al. (1992) An unusually high prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in Southern Brazil. Am J Ophthalmol 114: 136\u2013144","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1159\/000301976","volume":"127","author":"Goldmann","year":"1957","unstructured":"Goldmann H, Witmer R (1957) Antik\u00f6rper im Kammerwasser. Ophthalmologica 127: 323\u2013330","journal-title":"Ophthalmologica"},{"key":"1535_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1086\/322800","volume":"184","author":"Grigg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grigg ME, Ganatra J, Boothroyd JC et al. (2001) Unusual abundance of atypical strains associated with human ocular toxoplasmosis. J Infect Dis 184: 633\u2013639","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1061888","volume":"294","author":"Grigg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Grigg ME, Bonnefoy S, Hehl AB et al. (2001) Success and virulence in Toxoplasma as the result of sexual recombination between two distinct ancestries. Science 294: 161\u2013165","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1535_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199406303302604","volume":"330","author":"Guerina","year":"1994","unstructured":"Guerina NG, Hsu HW, Meissner HC et al. (1994) Neonatal serological screening and early treatment for congenital Toxoplasma gondii infection. N Engl J Med 330: 1858\u20131863","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1535_CR34","first-page":"935","volume":"6","author":"Hogan","year":"1961","unstructured":"Hogan MJ (1961) Ocular toxoplasmosis in adult patients. Surv Ophthalmol 6: 935\u2013951","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1964.00970020592003","volume":"72","author":"Hogan","year":"1964","unstructured":"Hogan MJ, Kimura SJ, O\u2019conner GR (1964) Ocular toxoplasmosis. Arch Ophthalmol 72: 592\u2013600","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2003.09.040","volume":"136","author":"Holland","year":"2003","unstructured":"Holland GN (2003) Ocular toxoplasmosis: a global reassessment. Part I: Epidemiology and course of disease. Am J Ophthalmol 136: 973\u2013988","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR37","first-page":"1","volume":"137","author":"Holland","year":"2004","unstructured":"Holland GN (2004) Ocular toxoplasmosis: a global reassessment. Part II: Disease manifestations and management. Am J Ophthalmol 137: 1\u201317","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR38","unstructured":"Holland GN, O\u2019Connor GR, Belfort R et al. (1996) Toxoplasmosis. In: Pepose JS, Holland GN, Wilhelmus KR (Eds) Ocular infection & immunity. Mosby-Year Book Inc., St. Louis, Missouri, pp\u00a01183\u20131223"},{"key":"1535_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.6.1561","volume":"172","author":"Howe","year":"1995","unstructured":"Howe DK, Sibley DL (1995) Toxoplasma gondii comprises three clonal lineages: correlation of parasite genotype with human disease. J Infect Dis 172: 1561\u20131566","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1038\/206961a0","volume":"206","author":"Hutchison","year":"1965","unstructured":"Hutchison WM (1965) Experimental transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. Nature 206: 961\u2013962","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1535_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5689.142","volume":"1","author":"Hutchison","year":"1970","unstructured":"Hutchison WM, Dunachie et al. (1970) Coccidian-like nature of Toxoplasma gondii. BMJ 1: 142\u2013144","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1535_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janitschke K (1991) Toxoplasmose. In: Hahn H, Falke D, Klein P (Hrsg) Medizinische Mikrobiologie. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S\u00a0898\u2013900","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-662-08626-1_114"},{"key":"1535_CR43","first-page":"9","volume":"6","author":"Janku","year":"1959","unstructured":"Janku J (1959) Die Pathogenese und pathologische Anatomie des sogenannten angeborenen Koloboms des gelben Flecks im normal grossen sowie mikrophthalmischen Auge mit Parasitenbefund in der Netzhaut. Cls Parasit 6: 9\u201316","journal-title":"Cls Parasit"},{"key":"1535_CR44","first-page":"65","volume":"84","author":"Joynson","year":"1992","unstructured":"Joynson DH (1992) Epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in the U.K.. Scand J Infect Dis Suppl 84: 65\u201369","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis Suppl"},{"key":"1535_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1206.060025","volume":"12","author":"Khan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Khan A, Jordan C, Muccioli C et al. (2006) Genetic divergence of Toxoplasma gondii strains associated with ocular toxoplasmosis, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 12: 942\u2013949","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1086\/374647","volume":"187","author":"Kong","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kong JT, Grigg ME, Uyetake L et al. (2003) Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii infections in humans using synthetic peptides. J Infect Dis 187: 1484\u20131495","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)90785-3","volume":"1","author":"Koppe","year":"1986","unstructured":"Koppe JG, Loewer-Sieger DH, Roever-Bonnet H de (1986) Results of 20-year follow-up of congenital toxoplasmosis. Lancet 1: 254\u2013256","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1535_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01324-7","volume":"133","author":"Labelette","year":"2002","unstructured":"Labelette P, Delhaes L, Margaron F et al. (2002) Ocular toxoplasmosis after the fifth decade. Am J Ophthalmol 133: 506\u2013515","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)11281-3","volume":"353","author":"Lebech","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lebech M, Andersen O, Christensen NC et al. (1999) Feasibility of neonatal screening for toxoplasma infection in the absence of prenatal treatment. Danish Congenital Toxoplasmosis Study Group. Lancet 353: 1834\u20131837","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1535_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[0960:STOTGC]2.0.CO;2","volume":"86","author":"Lehmann","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lehmann T, Blackston CR, Parmley SF et al. (2000) Strain typing of Toxoplasma gondii: comparison of antigen-coding and housekeeping genes. J Parasitol 86: 960\u2013971","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"1535_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.2.597","volume":"184","author":"Liesenfeld","year":"1996","unstructured":"Liesenfeld O, Kosek J, Remington JS et al. (1996) Association of CD4+ T cell-dependent, interferon-gamma-mediated necrosis of the small intestine with genetic susceptibility of mice to peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. J Exp Med 184: 597\u2013607","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1535_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/156.2.414","volume":"156","author":"Maetz","year":"1987","unstructured":"Maetz HM, Kleinstein RN, Federico D et al. (1987) Estimated prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis and toxocariasis in Alabama. J Infect Dis 156: 414","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(86)80021-5","volume":"43","author":"McMenamin","year":"1986","unstructured":"McMenamin PG, Dutton GN, Hay J et al. (1986) The ultrastructural pathology of congenital murine toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Part I: The localization and morphology of Toxoplasma cysts in the retina. Exp Eye Res 43: 529\u2013543","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"1535_CR54","first-page":"2584","volume":"41","author":"Meek","year":"2000","unstructured":"Meek B, Klaren VN, Haeringen NJ van et al. (2000) IgA antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii in human tears. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 41: 2584\u20132590","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1535_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1074553","volume":"298","author":"Meissner","year":"2002","unstructured":"Meissner M, Schluter D, Soldati D (2002) Role of Toxoplasma gondii myosin A in powering parasite gliding and host cell invasion. Science 298: 837\u2013840","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1535_CR56","unstructured":"Mine N (1911) Observation on protozoan parasites in Japan. Gun-I-Dan Zasshi 27: 1\u20133"},{"key":"1535_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.2.277","volume":"23","author":"Montoya","year":"1996","unstructured":"Montoya JG, Remington JS (1996) Toxoplasmic chorioretinitis in the setting of acute acquired toxoplasmosis. Clin Infect Dis 23: 277\u2013282","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X","volume":"363","author":"Montoya","year":"2004","unstructured":"Montoya JG, Liesenfeld O (2004) Toxoplasmosis. Lancet 363: 1965\u20131976","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1535_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muccioli C, Belfort R (2006) Ocular Toxoplasmosis. In: Pleyer U, Foster CS (Eds) Uveitis and Immunological Disorders. Springer, Berlin","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-30798-3_9"},{"key":"1535_CR60","first-page":"97","volume":"4","author":"Nicolle","year":"1909","unstructured":"Nicolle C, Maneaux L (1909) Sur une proizare nouveau du gondi (Toxoplasma n.g.). Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 4: 97\u2013100","journal-title":"Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis"},{"key":"1535_CR61","first-page":"2659","volume":"39","author":"Ongkosuwito","year":"1998","unstructured":"Ongkosuwito JV, Feron EJ, Doornik CE van et al. (1998) Analysis of immunoregulatory cytokines in ocular fluid samples from patients with uveitis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 39: 2659\u20132665","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1535_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00266-4","volume":"128","author":"Ongkosuwito","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ongkosuwito JV, Bosch-Driessen EH, Kijlstra A et al. (1999) Serologic evaluation of patients with primary and recurrent ocular toxoplasmosis for evidence of recent infection. Am J Ophthalmol 128: 407\u2013412","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.80.12.1099","volume":"80","author":"Pavesio","year":"1996","unstructured":"Pavesio CE, Lightman S (1996) Toxoplasma gondii and ocular toxoplasmosis: pathogenesis. Br J Ophthalmol 80: 1099\u20131107","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.40.10.577","volume":"40","author":"Perkins","year":"1956","unstructured":"Perkins ES, Smith CH, Schofield PB (1956) Treatment of Uveitis with pyrimethamine (Daraprim). Br J Ophthalmol 40: 577\u2013586","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.57.1.1","volume":"57","author":"Perkins","year":"1973","unstructured":"Perkins ES (1973) Ocular toxoplasmosis. Br J Ophthalmol 57: 1\u201317","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1007\/s003470050194","volume":"94","author":"Quentin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Quentin CD, Reiber H (1997) Kammerwasseranalytik bei intraokularer Toxoplasmose. Ophthalmologe 94: 728\u2013731","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"1535_CR67","unstructured":"Remky H (Ed) (1962) Toxoplasmosis. Argumenta et documenta ophthalmologica. J. F. Lehmanns, M\u00fcnchen"},{"key":"1535_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.80.11.956","volume":"80","author":"Ronday","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ronday MJH, Stilma JS, Barbe RF et al. (1996) Aetiology of uveitis in Sierra Leone, West Africa. Br J Ophthalmol 80: 956\u2013961","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00337-7","volume":"127","author":"Ronday","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ronday MJH, Ongkosuwito JV, Rothova A et al. (1999) Intraocular anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgA antibody production in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 127: 294\u2013300","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74456-3","volume":"115","author":"Rothova","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rothova A, Meenken C, Buitenhuis HJ et al. (1993) Therapy for ocular toxoplasmosis. Am J Ophthalmol 115: 517\u2013523","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR71","unstructured":"Ruete CGT (1854) Bildliche Darstellung der Krankheiten des menschlichen Auges. B. G. Teubner, Leipzig"},{"key":"1535_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/359082a0","volume":"359","author":"Sibley","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sibley LD, Boothroyd JC (1992) Virulent strains of Toxoplasma gondii comprise a single clonal lineage. Nature 359: 82\u201385","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1535_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(02)01527-1","volume":"134","author":"Silveira","year":"2002","unstructured":"Silveira C, Belfort R Jr, Muccioli C et al. (2002) The effect of long-term intermittent trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole treatment on recurrences of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis. Am J Ophthalmol 134: 41\u201346","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.5.1182","volume":"23","author":"Smith","year":"1996","unstructured":"Smith KL, Wilson M, Hightower AW et al. (1996) Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in US military recruits in 1989: comparison with data published in 1965. Clin Infect Dis 23: 1182\u20131183","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"1535_CR75","first-page":"109","volume":"3","author":"Splendore","year":"1908","unstructured":"Splendore A (1908) Uno nuovo protozoa parasite die conigli: incontrato nelle lesioni anatomiche d\u00fana malattia che ricorda in molti punti il Kala-azar dell uomo. Rev Soc Sci Sao Paolo 3: 109\u2013112","journal-title":"Rev Soc Sci Sao Paolo"},{"key":"1535_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(03)00083-6","volume":"110","author":"Stanford","year":"2003","unstructured":"Stanford MR, See SE, Jones LV et al. (2003) Antibiotics for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis: an evidence-based systematic review. Ophthalmology 110: 926\u2013931","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1535_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5375","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.10.5375","volume":"164","author":"Suzuki","year":"2000","unstructured":"Suzuki Y, Sher A, Yap G et al. (2000) IL-10 is required for prevention of necrosis in the small intestine and mortality in both genetically resistant BALB\/c and susceptible C57BL\/6 mice following peroral infection with Toxoplasma gondii. J Immunol 164: 5375\u20135382","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1535_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s003470100543","volume":"99","author":"Torun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Torun N, Liekfeld A, Hartmann C et al. (2002) Okul\u00e4re Toxoplasmose-Antik\u00f6rper in Kammerwasser und Serum. Ophthalmologe 99: 109\u2013112","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"1535_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00917833","volume":"18","author":"Tran","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tran VT, Auer C, Guex-Crosier Y et al. (1994) Epidemiological characteristics of uveitis in Switzerland. Int Ophthalmol 18: 293\u2013298","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.6.1567","volume":"113","author":"Wallon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wallon M, Kodjikian L, Binquet C et al. (2004) Long-term ocular prognosis in 327 children with congenital toxoplasmosis. Pediatrics 113: 1567\u20131572","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"1535_CR81","first-page":"128","volume":"83","author":"Weiland","year":"1970","unstructured":"Weiland H, K\u00fchn D (1970) Experimentelle Toxoplasma-Infektionen bei der Katze. II. Entwicklungsstadien des Parasiten im Darm. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr 83: 128\u2013132","journal-title":"Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr"},{"key":"1535_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1956.62970030012010","volume":"161","author":"Weinman","year":"1956","unstructured":"Weinman D, Chandler AH (1956) Toxoplasmosis in man and swine \u2013 an investigation of the possible relationship. JAMA 161: 229\u2013232","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1535_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00684419","volume":"156","author":"Witmer","year":"1955","unstructured":"Witmer RH (1955) \u00c4tiologische Diagnostik der Uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 156: 235\u2013260","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1535_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1126\/science.89.2306.226","volume":"89","author":"Wolf","year":"1939","unstructured":"Wolf A, Cowen D, Paige BH (1939) Human toxoplasmosis. Occurence in infants as an encephalomyelitis. Verification bytransmission to animals. Science 89: 226\u2013227","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1535_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00193846","volume":"180","author":"Zangerle","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zangerle R, Allerberger F, Pohl P et al. (1991) High risk of developing toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS patients seropositive to Toxoplasma gondii. Med Microbiol Immunol 180: 59\u201366","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"1535_CR86","first-page":"19S","volume":"Wochenschr","author":"Zuber","year":"1995","unstructured":"Zuber P, Jacquier P (1995) Epid\u00e9miologie de la toxoplasmose: situation au niveau mondial. Schweiz Med Wochenschr (Suppl 65) 125: 19S\u201322S","journal-title":"Schweiz Med"}],"container-title":["Der Ophthalmologe"],"original-title":[],"language":"de","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T00:51:43Z","timestamp":1683852703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]}},"alternative-id":["1535"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-007-1535-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-293X","1433-0423"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-293X","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0423","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2007","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}