{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T03:07:35Z","timestamp":1778641655760,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"S1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606694400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmologe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-020-01272-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]],"date-time":"2020-11-30T18:03:01Z","timestamp":1606759381000},"page":"96-101","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Eye changes in space","Augenver\u00e4nderungen im All"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"H\u00e4ndel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Dietlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Enders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cursiefen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1272_CR1","volume-title":"Evidence report: risk of spaceflight-induced Intracranial hypertension and vision alterations","author":"DJ Alexander","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alexander\u00a0DJ, Hamilton\u00a0DR, Lee\u00a0SMC, Mader\u00a0TH, Otto\u00a0C, Oubre\u00a0CM, Pass\u00a0AF, Platts\u00a0SH, Scott\u00a0JM, Smith\u00a0SM, Stenger\u00a0MB, Westby\u00a0CM, Zanello\u00a0SB (2012) Evidence report: risk of spaceflight-induced Intracranial hypertension and vision alterations. NASA, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston"},{"key":"1272_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-014-1461-9","volume":"57","author":"L Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chen\u00a0L, Elias\u00a0G, Yostos\u00a0MP et\u00a0al (2015) Pathways of cerebrospinal fluid outflow: a\u00a0deeper understanding of resorption. Neuroradiology 57:139\u2013147","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"1272_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1580.1","volume":"172","author":"LT Chylack Jr.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Chylack\u00a0LT Jr., Peterson\u00a0LE, Feiveson\u00a0AH et al (2009) NASA study of cataract in astronauts (NASCA). Report 1: cross-sectional study of the relationship of exposure to space radiation and risk of lens opacity. Radiat Res 172:10\u201320","journal-title":"Radiat Res"},{"key":"1272_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-012-2523-5","volume":"113","author":"AR Hargens","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hargens\u00a0AR, Bhattacharya\u00a0R, Schneider\u00a0SM (2013) Space physiology VI: exercise, artificial gravity, and countermeasure development for prolonged space flight. Eur J Appl Physiol 113:2183\u20132192","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"1272_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.2005.00679.x","volume":"31","author":"M Johnston","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnston\u00a0M, Zakharov\u00a0A, Koh\u00a0L et al (2005) Subarachnoid injection of Microfil reveals connections between cerebrospinal fluid and nasal lymphatics in the non-human primate. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 31:632\u2013640","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"1272_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl045","volume":"129","author":"HE Killer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Killer\u00a0HE, Jaggi\u00a0GP, Flammer\u00a0J et\u00a0al (2006) The optic nerve: a\u00a0new window into cerebrospinal fluid composition? Brain 129:1027\u20131030","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1272_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2009.02059.x","volume":"37","author":"HE Killer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Killer\u00a0HE, Jaggi\u00a0GP, Miller\u00a0NR (2009) Papilledema revisited: is its pathophysiology really understood? J\u00a0Clin Exp Ophthalmol 37:444\u2013447","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1272_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111986","volume":"263","author":"LA Kramer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kramer\u00a0LA, Sargsyan\u00a0AE, Hasan\u00a0KM et al (2012) Orbital and intracranial effects of microgravity: findings at 3\u2011T MR imaging. Radiology 263:819\u2013827","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1272_CR9","volume-title":"Augenheilkunde","author":"G Lang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lang\u00a0G (2019) Augenheilkunde, 6\u00a0edn. Thieme, Stuttgart","edition":"6"},{"key":"1272_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.5261","author":"SS Laurie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Laurie\u00a0SS, Lee\u00a0SMC, Macias\u00a0BR et\u00a0al (2019) Optic disc edema and choroidal engorgement in astronauts during spaceflight and individuals exposed to bed rest. JAMA Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.5261","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1272_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.09.042","volume":"126","author":"SS Laurie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Laurie\u00a0SS, Macias\u00a0BR, Dunn\u00a0JT et al (2019) Optic disc edema after 30 days of strict head-down tilt bed rest. Ophthalmology 126:467\u2013468","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1272_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13302","author":"SS Laurie","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laurie\u00a0SS, Vizzeri\u00a0G, Taibbi\u00a0G et al (2017) Effects of short-term mild hypercapnia during head-down tilt on intracranial pressure and ocular structures in healthy human subjects. Physiol Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14814\/phy2.13302","journal-title":"Physiol Rep"},{"key":"1272_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.2396","volume":"135","author":"AG Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee\u00a0AG, Mader\u00a0TH, Gibson\u00a0CR et al (2017) Space flight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome. JAMA Ophthalmol 135:992\u2013994","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1272_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/WNO.0000000000000334","volume":"36","author":"AG Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee\u00a0AG, Tarver\u00a0WJ, Mader\u00a0TH et al (2016) Neuro-ophthalmology of space flight. J\u00a0Neuroophthalmol 36:85\u201391","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"1272_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.09.022","volume":"125","author":"C Linden","year":"2018","unstructured":"Linden\u00a0C, Qvarlander\u00a0S, Johannesson\u00a0G et al (2018) Normal-tension glaucoma has normal Intracranial pressure: a prospective study of Intracranial pressure and Intraocular pressure in different body positions. Ophthalmology 125:361\u2013368","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1272_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01484-6","volume":"8","author":"Q Ma","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ma\u00a0Q, Ineichen\u00a0BV, Detmar\u00a0M et\u00a0al (2017) Outflow of cerebrospinal fluid is predominantly through lymphatic vessels and is reduced in aged mice. Nat Commun 8:1434","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"1272_CR17","first-page":"3","volume":"86","author":"BR Macias","year":"2015","unstructured":"Macias\u00a0BR, Liu\u00a0JH, Grande-Gutierrez\u00a0N et al (2015) Intraocular and intracranial pressures during head-down tilt with lower body negative pressure. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 86:3\u20137","journal-title":"Aerosp Med Hum Perform"},{"key":"1272_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18720","volume":"57","author":"TH Mader","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mader\u00a0TH, Gibson\u00a0CR, Lee\u00a0AG (2016) Choroidal folds in astronauts. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:592","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1272_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.06.021","volume":"118","author":"TH Mader","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mader\u00a0TH, Gibson\u00a0CR, Pass\u00a0AF et al (2011) Optic disc edema, globe flattening, choroidal folds, and hyperopic shifts observed in astronauts after long-duration space flight. Ophthalmology 118:2058\u20132069","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"1272_CR20","volume-title":"Features of cerebral hemodynamics in cosmonauts before and after flight on the MIR Orbital Station","author":"SS Mayasnikov Vi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mayasnikov Vi\u00a0SS (2008) Features of cerebral hemodynamics in cosmonauts before and after flight on the MIR Orbital Station vol 2. Institute of Biomedical Problems, State Scientific Center of Russian Federation, Moscow"},{"key":"1272_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306705","volume":"100","author":"WH Morgan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Morgan\u00a0WH, Balaratnasingam\u00a0C, Lind\u00a0CR et\u00a0al (2016) Cerebrospinal fluid pressure and the eye. Br J Ophthalmol 100:71\u201377","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1272_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-007-0474-z","volume":"101","author":"A Pavy-Le Traon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pavy-Le Traon\u00a0A, Heer\u00a0M, Narici\u00a0MV et al (2007) From space to Earth: advances in human physiology from 20 years of bed rest studies (1986\u20132006). Eur J Appl Physiol 101:143\u2013194","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"1272_CR23","volume-title":"Human research program evidence report: risk of spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS)","author":"MBTW Stenger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stenger\u00a0MBTW, Brunstetter\u00a0T, Gibson\u00a0CR, Laurie\u00a0SS, Lee\u00a0SMC, Macias\u00a0BR, Otto\u00a0C, Smith\u00a0SM, Zwart\u00a0SR (2017) Human research program evidence report: risk of spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS). NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Center, Houston"},{"key":"1272_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18530","volume":"57","author":"G Taibbi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Taibbi\u00a0G, Cromwell\u00a0RL, Zanello\u00a0SB et al (2016) Ocular outcomes comparison between 14- and 70-day head-down-tilt bed rest. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 57:495\u2013501","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"1272_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.4055.2014","volume":"85","author":"G Taibbi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Taibbi\u00a0G, Cromwell\u00a0RL, Zanello\u00a0SB et al (2014) Ocular outcomes evaluation in a\u00a014-day head-down bed rest study. Aviat Space Environ Med 85:983\u2013992","journal-title":"Aviat Space Environ Med"},{"key":"1272_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2019.107725","volume":"186","author":"P Wostyn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wostyn\u00a0P (2019) \u201cHouston, we have a\u00a0problem\u201d: \u201cwe are losing our eyesight\u201d. Exp Eye Res 186:107725","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"1272_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.0316","volume":"136","author":"P Wostyn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wostyn\u00a0P, De Deyn\u00a0PP (2018) Why space flight-associated Neuro-ocular syndrome May differ from idiopathic Intracranial hypertension. JAMA Ophthalmol 136:451\u2013452","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"1272_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0453-8","volume":"33","author":"P Wostyn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wostyn\u00a0P, Mader\u00a0TH, Gibson\u00a0CR et\u00a0al (2019) The escape of retrobulbar cerebrospinal fluid in the astronaut\u2019s eye: mission impossible? Eye 33:1519\u20131524","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"1272_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-013-2597-8","volume":"113","author":"LF Zhang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhang\u00a0LF (2013) Region-specific vascular remodeling and its prevention by artificial gravity in weightless environment. Eur J Appl Physiol 113:2873\u20132895","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"1272_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2016","volume":"98","author":"LF Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang\u00a0LF, Hargens\u00a0AR (2018) Spaceflight-induced Intracranial hypertension and visual impairment: pathophysiology and countermeasures. Physiol Rev 98:59\u201387","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"1272_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.154245","volume":"142","author":"SR Zwart","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zwart\u00a0SR, Gibson\u00a0CR, Mader\u00a0TH et al (2012) Vision changes after spaceflight are related to alterations in folate- and vitamin B\u201112-dependent one-carbon metabolism. J\u00a0Nutr 142:427\u2013431","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"1272_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.3124","author":"SR Zwart","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zwart\u00a0SR, Laurie\u00a0SS, Chen\u00a0JJ et al (2019) Association of genetics and B vitamin status with the magnitude of optic disc edema during 30-day strict head-down tilt bed rest. JAMA Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2019.3124","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Der Ophthalmologe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00347-020-01272-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00347-020-01272-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00347-020-01272-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,21]],"date-time":"2021-01-21T11:50:38Z","timestamp":1611229838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00347-020-01272-6"}},"subtitle":["New insights into clinical aspects, pathogenesis, and prevention","Aktuelles zu Klinik, Pathogenese und Pr\u00e4vention"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1272"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00347-020-01272-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["0941-293X","1433-0423"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0941-293X","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0423","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 November 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical guidelines"}},{"value":"A.\u00a0H\u00e4ndel, C.\u00a0Stern, J.\u00a0Jordan, T.\u00a0Dietlein, P.\u00a0Enders, and C.\u00a0Cursiefen declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"For this article no studies with human participants or animals were performed by any of the authors. All studies performed were in accordance with the ethical standards indicated in each case. Additional written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants or their legal representatives for whom identifying information is included in this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The supplement containing this article is not sponsored by industry.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}