{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:10:10Z","timestamp":1792782610031,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/deed.de"}],"funder":[{"name":"Karl Landsteiner Privatuniversit\u00e4t f\u00fcr Gesundheitswissenschaften","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04t79ze18","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmologie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Zusammenfassung<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hintergrund<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mit der Ver\u00f6ffentlichung der Norm DIN EN ISO 7921:2024 wurde erstmals ein internationaler Standard f\u00fcr medizinische Nahleseproben eingef\u00fchrt. Diese Norm erm\u00f6glicht, dass nunmehr auch f\u00fcr den Lesevisus ein valider und international vergleichbarer Schwellenwert erhoben werden kann.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material und Methode<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Der vorliegende Artikel fasst die zentralen Inhalte und wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen der Norm zusammen. Beschrieben werden die Definition der Schriftgr\u00f6\u00dfe \u00fcber die x\u2011H\u00f6he, die geometrische (logarithmische) Abstufung der Schriftgr\u00f6\u00dfen, Standardpr\u00fcfabst\u00e4nde sowie Anforderungen an Beleuchtung, Kontrast und Schriftarten.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Ergebnisse<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Die Norm definiert die Berechnungsgrundlage f\u00fcr Schriftgr\u00f6\u00dfen in deren geometrischer (logarithmischer) Abstufung und die dabei zul\u00e4ssigen Toleranzen sowie die Rahmenbedingungen f\u00fcr den Testabstand, die Beleuchtung und den Kontrast. Als Standardnotation wird logRAD verwendet, da sich damit die geometrische Skalierung der Schriftgr\u00f6\u00dfen pr\u00e4zise abbilden l\u00e4sst und sich diese Notation in der Wissenschaft bew\u00e4hrt hat. F\u00fcr den klinischen Gebrauch k\u00f6nnen auf den Nahleseproben aber auch andere geometrische Notationen angegeben werden. Als Schriftarten wurden grunds\u00e4tzlich Helvetica und Times New Roman festgelegt oder diesen \u00e4hnliche Schriftarten.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Schlussfolgerungen<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Leseproben sind ein Medizinprodukt der Klasse\u00a0I. DIN EN ISO 7921:2024 schafft erstmals eine international einheitliche Grundlage f\u00fcr die Herstellung medizinischer Nahleseproben und erm\u00f6glicht damit vergleichbare und nachvollziehbare Messungen des Lesevisus. Zusammen mit der seit 2026 verpflichtenden Registrierung von Medizinprodukten in EUDAMED st\u00e4rkt diese Norm die Validit\u00e4t, Vergleichbarkeit und Nachvollziehbarkeit des Lesevisus im klinischen und wissenschaftlichen Gebrauch und damit auch die Rechtssicherheit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-026-02483-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:11:13Z","timestamp":1786979473000},"page":"794-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Die neue Norm f\u00fcr medizinische Nahleseproben\u00a0\u2013 DIN EN ISO 7921:2024","The new standard for diagnostic near reading charts\u2014DIN EN ISO 7921:2024"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"123","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8752-5077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Radner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rainer","family":"Kirchh\u00fcbel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8659-5055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinzenz","family":"Rudnay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Ettl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2483_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-197611000-00006","volume":"53","author":"I Bailey","year":"1976","unstructured":"Bailey\u00a0I, Lovie\u00a0J (1976) New design principles for visual acuity letter charts. 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W.\u00a0Radner erh\u00e4lt auch Tantiemen f\u00fcr die Oculus Leseprobe\u00a0II. F.\u00a0M\u00fcller ist Angestellter der Heidelberg Engineering GmbH (Essilor-Luxottica-Gruppe), die auch Sehtests herstellt. R.\u00a0Kirchh\u00fcbel ist Gesch\u00e4ftsf\u00fchrer der OCULUS GmbH, die auch Sehtests f\u00fcr die N\u00e4he und Leseproben herstellt. V.\u00a0Rudnay und A.\u00a0Ettl geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Interessenkonflikt","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien"}},{"value":"F\u00fcr diesen Beitrag wurden von den Autor\/-innen keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgef\u00fchrt. F\u00fcr die aufgef\u00fchrten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien"}}]}}