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By combining intracellular microelectrode recording with calcium imaging we demonstrate that the dendrites of both neurons show a clear Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signal in response to broad-frequency species-specific chirps. Due to the organisation of the afferents frequency specific auditory activation should lead to local Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> increases in their dendrites. In response to 20\u2009ms sound pulses the dendrites of both neurons showed tonotopically organised Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> increases. In ON-1 we found no evidence for a tonotopic organisation of the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signal related to axonal spike activity or for a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> response related to contralateral inhibition. The tonotopic organisation of the afferents may facilitate frequency-specific adaptation in these auditory neurons through localised Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> increases in their dendrites. By combining 10 and 40\u00a0kHz test pulses and adaptation series, we provide evidence for frequency-specific adaptation in TN-1 and ON-1. By reversible deactivating of the auditory afferents and removing contralateral inhibition, we show that in ON-1 spike activity and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> responses increased but frequency-specific adaptation was not evident.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-023-01638-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]],"date-time":"2023-05-24T06:02:06Z","timestamp":1684908126000},"page":"353-369","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Tonotopic Ca2+ dynamics and sound processing in auditory interneurons of the bush-cricket Mecopoda elongata"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"210","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Bayley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1132-0056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B.","family":"Hedwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"1638_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00639-1","volume":"40","author":"GJ Augustine","year":"2003","unstructured":"Augustine GJ, Santamaria F, Tanaka K (2003) Local calcium signaling in neurons. 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