{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:14:33Z","timestamp":1792548873936,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001646","name":"Robert Bosch Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001646","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009562","name":"Berthold Leibinger Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009562","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Heart Vessels"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-020-01707-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T15:03:19Z","timestamp":1602514999000},"page":"337-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Assessment of coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine in German and Japanese patients with epicardial coronary spasm\u2014more similarities than differences?"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Akira","family":"Suda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Seitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuji","family":"Odaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasios","family":"Athanasiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giancarlo","family":"Pirozzolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyotaka","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raffi","family":"Bekeredjian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Sechtem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Shimokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"1707_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-10-74-0802","volume":"74","author":"JCS Joint Working Group","year":"2010","unstructured":"JCS Joint Working Group (2010) Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina (coronary spastic angina) (JCS 2008). Circ J 74:1745\u20131762","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"1707_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-15-1202","volume":"80","author":"Beltrame JF, Crea F, Kaski JC, Ogawa H, Ong P, Sechtem U, Shimokawa H, Bairey Merz CN, Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study G","year":"2016","unstructured":"Beltrame JF, Crea F, Kaski JC, Ogawa H, Ong P, Sechtem U, Shimokawa H, Bairey Merz CN, Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study G (2016) The who, what, why, when, how and where of vasospastic angina. Circ J 80:289\u2013298","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"1707_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3180","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu427","volume":"35","author":"H Shimokawa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shimokawa H (2014) 2014 Williams Harvey Lecture: importance of coronary vasomotion abnormalities-from bench to bedside. Eur Heart J 35:3180\u20133193","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1707_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.015","volume":"59","author":"P Ong","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Borgulya G, Mahrholdt H, Kaski JC, Sechtem U (2012) High prevalence of a pathological response to acetylcholine testing in patients with stable angina pectoris and unobstructed coronary arteries. The ACOVA Study (Abnormal COronary VAsomotion in patients with stable angina and unobstructed coronary arteries). J Am Coll Cardiol 59:655\u2013662","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024534","volume":"135","author":"CN Bairey Merz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bairey Merz CN, Pepine CJ, Walsh MN, Fleg JL (2017) Ischemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA): developing evidence-based therapies and research agenda for the next decade. Circulation 135:1075\u20131092","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1707_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.011201","volume":"131","author":"S Pasupathy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pasupathy S, Air T, Dreyer RP, Tavella R, Beltrame JF (2015) Systematic review of patients presenting with suspected myocardial infarction and nonobstructive coronary arteries. Circulation 131:861\u2013870","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1707_CR7","first-page":"91","volume":"39","author":"RA Montone","year":"2018","unstructured":"Montone RA, Niccoli G, Fracassi F, Russo M, Gurgoglione F, Camma G, Lanza GA, Crea F (2018) Patients with acute myocardial infarction and non-obstructive coronary arteries: safety and prognostic relevance of invasive coronary provocative tests. Eur Heart J 39:91\u201398","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1707_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302042","volume":"99","author":"P Ong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Sechtem U (2013) Patterns of coronary vasomotor responses to intracoronary acetylcholine provocation. Heart 99:1288\u20131295","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"1707_CR9","first-page":"2565","volume":"38","author":"Beltrame JF, Crea F, Kaski JC, Ogawa H, Ong P, Sechtem U, Shimokawa H, Bairey Merz CN, Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Beltrame JF, Crea F, Kaski JC, Ogawa H, Ong P, Sechtem U, Shimokawa H, Bairey Merz CN, Coronary Vasomotion Disorders International Study G (2017) International standardization of diagnostic criteria for vasospastic angina. Eur Heart J 38:2565\u20132568","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1707_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.05.109","volume":"244","author":"G Ciliberti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ciliberti G, Seshasai SRK, Ambrosio G, Kaski JC (2017) Safety of intracoronary provocative testing for the diagnosis of coronary artery spasm. Int J Cardiol 244:77\u201383","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(99)00073-X","volume":"33","author":"JF Beltrame","year":"1999","unstructured":"Beltrame JF, Sasayama S, Maseri A (1999) Racial heterogeneity in coronary artery vasomotor reactivity: differences between Japanese and Caucasian patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 33:1442\u20131452","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.101.10.1102","volume":"101","author":"C Pristipino","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pristipino C, Beltrame JF, Finocchiaro ML, Hattori R, Fujita M, Mongiardo R, Cianflone D, Sanna T, Sasayama S, Maseri A (2000) Major racial differences in coronary constrictor response between Japanese and Caucasians with recent myocardial infarction. Circulation 101:1102\u20131108","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1707_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)00057-0","volume":"83","author":"S Sueda","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sueda S, Ochi N, Kawada H, Matsuda S, Hayashi Y, Tsuruoka T, Uraoka T (1999) Frequency of provoked coronary vasospasm in patients undergoing coronary arteriography with spasm provocation test of acetylcholine. Am J Cardiol 83:1186\u20131190","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2019.02.038","volume":"291","author":"K Sato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sato K, Takahashi J, Odaka Y, Suda A, Sueda S, Teragawa H, Ishii K, Kiyooka T, Hirayama A, Sumiyoshi T, Tanabe Y, Kimura K, Kaikita K, Ong P, Sechtem U, Camici PG, Kaski JC, Crea F, Beltrame JF, Shimokawa H, Japanese Coronary Spasm A (2019) Clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of contemporary patients with vasospastic angina: ethnic differences detected in an international comparative study. Int J Cardiol 291:13\u201318","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs199","volume":"34","author":"Y Takagi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Takagi Y, Yasuda S, Takahashi J, Tsunoda R, Ogata Y, Seki A, Sumiyoshi T, Matsui M, Goto T, Tanabe Y, Sueda S, Sato T, Ogawa S, Kubo N, Momomura S, Ogawa H, Shimokawa H, Japanese Coronary Spasm A (2013) Clinical implications of provocation tests for coronary artery spasm: safety, arrhythmic complications, and prognostic impact: multicentre registry study of the Japanese Coronary Spasm Association. Eur Heart J 34:258\u2013267","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"1707_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.04.050","volume":"52","author":"P Ong","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ong P, Athanasiadis A, Hill S, Vogelsberg H, Voehringer M, Sechtem U (2008) Coronary artery spasm as a frequent cause of acute coronary syndrome: The CASPAR (Coronary Artery Spasm in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 52:523\u2013527","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2779","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-66-0098","volume":"78","author":"JCS Joint Working Group","year":"2014","unstructured":"JCS Joint Working Group (2014) Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of patients with vasospastic angina (Coronary Spastic Angina) (JCS 2013). Circ J 78:2779\u20132801","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"1707_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)07329-7","volume":"351","author":"M Mohri","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mohri M, Koyanagi M, Egashira K, Tagawa H, Ichiki T, Shimokawa H, Takeshita A (1998) Angina pectoris caused by coronary microvascular spasm. Lancet 351:1165\u20131169","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1707_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.51.4.5","volume":"51","author":"WG Austen","year":"1975","unstructured":"Austen WG, Edwards JE, Frye RL, Gensini GG, Gott VL, Griffith LS, McGoon DC, Murphy ML, Roe BB (1975) A reporting system on patients evaluated for coronary artery disease. Report of the Ad Hoc committee for grading of coronary artery disease, council on cardiovascular surgery, American Heart Association. Circulation 51:5\u201340","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1707_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.09.016","volume":"70","author":"A Aziz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Aziz A, Hansen HS, Sechtem U, Prescott E, Ong P (2017) Sex-related differences in vasomotor function in patients with angina and unobstructed coronary arteries. J Am Coll Cardiol 70:2349\u20132358","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"1707_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1177\/174182679500200510","volume":"2","author":"D Robinson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Robinson D, Kawamura T, Hinohara S, Sakamoto Y, Takahashi T (1995) Levels of cardiovascular risk factors in Japanese people living in the UK. J Cardiovasc Risk 2:449\u2013458","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Risk"},{"key":"1707_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2018.07.015","volume":"40","author":"P Ong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ong P, Pirozzolo G, Athanasiadis A, Sechtem U (2018) Epicardial coronary spasm in women with angina pectoris and unobstructed coronary arteries is linked with a positive family history: an observational study. Clin Ther 40:1584\u20131590","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"1707_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/jhg.2009.120","volume":"55","author":"M Takefuji","year":"2010","unstructured":"Takefuji M, Asano H, Mori K, Amano M, Kato K, Watanabe T, Morita Y, Katsumi A, Itoh T, Takenawa T, Hirashiki A, Izawa H, Nagata K, Hirayama H, Takatsu F, Naoe T, Yokota M, Kaibuchi K (2010) Mutation of ARHGAP9 in patients with coronary spastic angina. J Hum Genet 55:42\u201349","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"}],"container-title":["Heart and Vessels"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00380-020-01707-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00380-020-01707-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00380-020-01707-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T08:54:58Z","timestamp":1634028898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00380-020-01707-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["1707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00380-020-01707-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0910-8327","1615-2573"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0910-8327","type":"print"},{"value":"1615-2573","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 March 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 September 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 October 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. In both institutions (Sendai and Stuttgart) the ethical committees approved acetylcholine testing and scientific data acquisition.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"For the present retrospective data analysis, all data were handled anonymously.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}}]}}