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Previous studies suggest involvement of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in modification of HDL. HDL bound Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) has been implied to be an essential protein regarding beneficial HDL effects. In this study, we analyzed anti-inflammatory HDL properties in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), a disease involving atrial inflammation, compared to non-AF controls and whether anti-inflammatory properties improve upon catheter ablation. Additionally, association with serum concentrations of MPO and S1P were assessed. We isolated HDL from 25 AF patients, 13 non-AF individuals and 14 AF patients at follow-up (FU) after catheter ablation. S1P was measured in a cohort of 141 AF and 21 FU patients. Following preincubation with HDL from either group, bovine aortic endothelial cells were stimulated using tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 and expression of pro-inflammatory genes intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), E-selectin (SELE) and P-selectin (SELP) was assessed using qPCR. Concentrations of circulating protein of these genes as well as MPO and S1P were measured in serum samples. Compared to non-AF individuals HDL from AF patients suppressed gene expression of the pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules ICAM1, VCAM1, SELE and SELP 27%, 18%, 21% and 57% less, respectively (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all except SELE <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.06). In FU patients, the anti-inflammatory HDL activity was improved (suppression of ICAM1\u2009+\u200922%, VCAM1\u2009+\u200910%, SELE\u2009+\u200938% and SELP\u2009+\u200975%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all except VCAM1 <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.08). AF patients using angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers had better anti-inflammatory HDL properties than non-users (gene expression suppression at least 28% more, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 for all except ICAM1 <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.051). Circulating protein concentrations were not correlated with in vitro gene-expression, but circulating P-selectin was generally elevated in AF and FU patients compared to non-AF patients. MPO plasma concentration was positively associated with gene-expression of ICAM1, VCAM1 and SELP (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009&gt;\u20090.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Serum concentrations of S1P were increased in FU patients {1.201\u00a0\u00b5M [1.077\u20131.543]} compared to AF patients {0.953\u00a0\u00b5M [0.807\u20131.135], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01} but not correlated with ICAM1, VCAM1 and SELP gene expression. We conclude that the anti-inflammatory activity of HDL is impaired in AF patients, which might promote AF progression and AF-associated complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-021-01908-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]],"date-time":"2021-08-30T14:03:15Z","timestamp":1630332195000},"page":"161-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Anti-inflammatory HDL effects are impaired in atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0324-6482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Holzwirth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Fischer-Schaepmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo","family":"Obradovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirjam","family":"von Lucadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edzard","family":"Schwedhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnter","family":"Daum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Hindricks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunther","family":"Marsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Trieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Thiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3551-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"Kornej","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0799-4725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"B\u00fcttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1908_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.316340","volume":"127","author":"J Kornej","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kornej J, B\u00f6rschel CS, Benjamin EJ, Schnabel RB (2020) Epidemiology of atrial fibrillation in the 21st century: novel methods and new insights. 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