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Hideki Ishii received speaking and lecture fees from Astellas Pharma Inc, AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo Inc and MSD. Toyoaki Murohara received speaking and lecture fees from Bayer Pharmaceutical Co LTD. Toyoaki Murohara received funding grants and speaking and lecture fees from Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co Ltd, Kowa Co Ltd, MSD, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corp, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co Ltd, Novartis Pharma Kabushiki Kaisha, Pfizer Japan Inc, Sanofi-aventis and Takeda Pharmaceutical Co Ltd. Toyoaki Murohara received funding grants from Astellas Pharma Inc, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd and Teijin Pharma Ltd. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}