{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T17:32:48Z","timestamp":1794591168738,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Childs Nerv Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-019-04206-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]],"date-time":"2019-06-03T09:03:37Z","timestamp":1559552617000},"page":"1673-1679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Clinical diagnosis\u2014part I: what is really caused by Chiari I"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7345-8691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Palma","family":"Ciaramitaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilena","family":"Ferraris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fulvio","family":"Massaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Garbossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4206_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2000.92.6.0920","volume":"92","author":"J Meadows","year":"2000","unstructured":"Meadows J, Kraut M, Guarneri M et al (2000) Asymptomatic Chiari type I malformations identified on magnetic resonance imaging. J Neurosurg 92(6):920\u2013926","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"4206_CR2","first-page":"221","volume":"25","author":"YW Wu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wu YW, Chin CT, Chan KM et al (1999) Pediatric Chiari I malformations: do clinical and radiologic features correlate? Neurology 25:221\u2013226","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4206_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810000338","volume":"16","author":"L Genitori","year":"2000","unstructured":"Genitori L, Peretta P, Nurisso C, Macinante L, Mussa F (2000) Chiari type I anomalies in children and adolescents: minimally invasive management in a series of 53 cases. Childs Nerv Syst 16:707\u2013718","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"4206_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1159\/000121190","volume":"26","author":"JK Park","year":"1997","unstructured":"Park JK, Langham Gleason P, Madsen JR, Goumnerova LC, Scott M (1997) Presentation and management of Chiari I malformation in children. Pedriatr Neurosurg 26:190\u2013196","journal-title":"Pedriatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"4206_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199905000-00042","volume":"44","author":"TH Milhorat","year":"1999","unstructured":"Milhorat TH, Chou MW, Trinidad EM, Kula RW, Mandell M, Wolpert C, Speer MC (1999) Chiari I malformation redefined: clinical and radiographic findings for 364 symptomatic patients. Neurosurgery 44:1005\u20131117","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"4206_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2003.99.2.0291","volume":"99","author":"RS Tubbs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tubbs RS, Mc Girt MJ, Oakes WJ (2003) Surgical experience in 130 pediatric patients with Chiari I malformation. J Neurosurg 99(2):291\u2013296","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"4206_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1227\/01.neu.0000333302.72307.3b","volume":"62","author":"FJ Attenello","year":"2008","unstructured":"Attenello FJ, McGirt MJ, Gathinji M et al (2008) Outcome of Chiari-associated syringomyelia after hindbrain decompression in children: analysis of 49 consecutive cases. Neurosurgery 62(6):1307\u20131313","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3","key":"4206_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.12.PEDS10379","volume":"7","author":"RS Tubbs","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tubbs RS, Beckman J, Naftel RP, Chern JJ, Wellons JC, Rozzelle CJ, Blount JP, Oakes WJ (2011) Institutional experience with 500 cases of surgically treated pediatric Chiari malformation type I. J Neurosurg Pediatr 7(3):248\u2013256","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"4206_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.6.1212","volume":"110","author":"JD Greenlee","year":"2001","unstructured":"Greenlee JD, Donovan KA, Hasan DM et al (2001) Pediatrics 110(6):1212\u20131219","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"4206_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0428-0","volume":"23","author":"RS Tubbs","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tubbs RS, Lyerly MJ, Loukas M, Shoja MM, Oakes WJ (2007) The pediatric Chiari I malformation: a review. Childs Nerv Syst 23:1239\u20131250","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"4206_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31820206e5","volume":"68","author":"SV Furtado","year":"2011","unstructured":"Furtado SV, Thakar S, Hedge AS (2011) Correlation of functional outcome and natural history with clinic-radiological factors in surgically managed pediatric Chiari I malformation. Neurosurgery 68:319\u2013328","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"4206_CR12","first-page":"110","volume":"38","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society-HIS","year":"2018","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society-HIS (2018) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia 38(1):110","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"4206_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.42.8.1519","volume":"42","author":"J Pascual","year":"1992","unstructured":"Pascual J, Oterino A, Berciano J (1992) Headache in type I Chiari malformation. Neurology 42:1519\u20131521","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"4206_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.10.070","volume":"110","author":"L Grangeon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Grangeon L et al (2017) Predictive factors of headache resolution after Chiari type I malformation surgery. World Neurosurgery 110:e60\u2013e66","journal-title":"World Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4206_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.58.2.0183","volume":"58","author":"KS Paul","year":"1983","unstructured":"Paul KS, Lye RH, Strang FA, Dutton J (1983) Arnold-Chiari malformation. Review of 71 cases. J Neurosurg 58:183\u2013187","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"4206_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.89.5.0835","volume":"89","author":"P Pasquis","year":"1998","unstructured":"Pasquis P et al (1998) Chiari type I malformation and syringomyelia in unrelated patients with blepharophimosis. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg 89:835\u2013838","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"4206_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-009-1043-z","volume":"26","author":"BL Pettorini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pettorini BL, Oesman C, Magdum S (2010) New presenting symptoms of Chiari I malformation: report of two cases. Childs Nerv Syst 26:399\u2013402","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"4206_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2014.04.007","volume":"122","author":"S Sivakanthan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sivakanthan S, Goldhagen C, Danner C, Agazzi S (2014) Hearing loss and Chiari malformation: a clinical pearl. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 122:20\u201322","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"4206_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.8.PEDS11160","volume":"8","author":"L Massimi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Massimi L, Della Pepa GM, Tamburrini G et al (2011) Sudden onset of Chiari malformation type I in previously asymptomatic patients. J Neurosurg Pediatr 8(5):438\u2013442","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"4206_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2015.09.003","volume":"85","author":"SP Miranda","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miranda SP, Kimmel KT, Silberstein HJ (2016) Acute presentation of Chiari I malformation with hemiparesis in a pediatric patient. World Neurosurgery 85:366.e1\u2013366.e4","journal-title":"World Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4206_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/00041327-199603000-00012","volume":"16","author":"AR Lewis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lewis AR, Kline LB, Sharpe JA (1996) Aquired esotropia due to Arnold-Chiari malformation. J Neuroophthalmol 16:49\u201354","journal-title":"J Neuroophthalmol"},{"key":"4206_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1655758","volume":"79","author":"FS Almotairi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Almotairi FS, Andersson M, Andersson O, Skoglund T, Tisell M (2018) Swallowing dysfunction in adult patients with Chiari I malformation. J Neurol Surg 79:606\u2013613","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"4206_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-199004000-00006","volume":"26","author":"T Isu","year":"1990","unstructured":"Isu T, Iwasaki Y, Akino M, Abe H (1990) Syringomyelia associated with a Chiari I malformation in children and adolescents. Neurosurgery 26(4):591\u2013596","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"4206_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00298449","volume":"8","author":"T Isu","year":"1992","unstructured":"Isu T, Chono Y, Iwasaki Y, Koyanagi I, Akino M, Abe H, Abumi K, Kaneda K (1992) Scoliosis associated with syringomyelia presentingin children. Childs Nerv Syst 8(2):97\u2013100","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"4206_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13706-8_13","volume-title":"Syringomyelia","author":"J Oakes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oakes J, Thompson D (2014) Paediatric perspectives. In: Flint G, Rusbridge C (eds) Syringomyelia. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp 193\u20132017"},{"key":"4206_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.9.PEDS10383","volume":"7","author":"D Brockmeyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brockmeyer D (2011) Editorial. J Neurosurg Pediatr 7:22\u201323","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"4206_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1179\/016164111X12962202723887","volume":"33","author":"M Luciano","year":"2011","unstructured":"Luciano M (2011) Chiari malformation: are children little adults? Neurol Res 33(3):272\u2013277","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"4206_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S271","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-011-0725-y","volume":"32","author":"P Ciaramitaro","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ciaramitaro P, Baldovino S, Roccatello D et al (2011) Chiari and syringomyelia consortium: a model of multidisciplinary and sharing path for rare diseases. Neurol Sci 32 (Suppl.3:S271\u2013S272","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"4206_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-002-0056-z","volume":"6","author":"RF Taylor","year":"2002","unstructured":"Taylor RF, Larkins MV (2002) Headache and Chiari I malformation: clinical presentation, diagnosis and controversies in management. Current Pain Headache Reports 6:331\u2013337","journal-title":"Current Pain Headache Reports"},{"key":"4206_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(00)00361-8","volume":"111","author":"SN Scelsa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Scelsa SN (2000) Syringomyelia presenting as ulnar neuropathy at the elbow. Clin Neurophysiol 111:1527\u20131530","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Child's Nervous System"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-019-04206-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00381-019-04206-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-019-04206-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T00:48:30Z","timestamp":1591058910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00381-019-04206-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["4206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-019-04206-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0256-7040","1433-0350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0256-7040","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 April 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"There was no financial support nor industry affiliations involved in this work. None of the authors has any personal or institutional financial interest in drugs, materials, or devices.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}