{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T09:25:37Z","timestamp":1763457937557,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590624000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Childs Nerv Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-020-04685-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T09:02:58Z","timestamp":1590656578000},"page":"1859-1868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Surgical treatment of birth-related brachial plexus injuries: a historical review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4154-7048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario G.","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3956-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Otto","family":"Heise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto S.","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"4685_CR1","first-page":"335","volume":"41","author":"M Alanen","year":"1986","unstructured":"Alanen M, Halonen JP, Katevuo K, Vilkki P (1986) Early surgical exploration and epineural repair in birth brachial palsy. Z Kinderchir 41:335\u2013337","journal-title":"Z Kinderchir"},{"key":"4685_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84882-108-8","volume-title":"Surgical disorders of the peripheral nerves. 2nd Edition","author":"R Birch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Birch R (2011) Surgical disorders of the peripheral nerves. 2nd Edition. Springer, London"},{"key":"4685_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.70B4.3403599","volume":"70","author":"RS Boome","year":"1988","unstructured":"Boome RS, Kaye JC (1988) Obstetric traction injuries of the brachial plexus. Natural history, indications for surgical repair and results. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 70:571\u2013576","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg (Br)"},{"key":"4685_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-190510000-00013","volume":"130","author":"LP Clark","year":"1905","unstructured":"Clark LP, Taylor AS, Prout TP (1905) A study on brachial birth palsy. Am J Med Sci 130:670\u2013707","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"4685_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02939629","volume":"25","author":"R Doherty","year":"1844","unstructured":"Doherty R (1844) On impeding dissolution and nervous affections in young infants. Dublin J Med Sci 25:44\u201387","journal-title":"Dublin J Med Sci"},{"key":"4685_CR6","unstructured":"Duchenne G (1872) De l\u2019\u00e9lectrisation localis\u00e9e et de son application \u00e0 la pathologie et \u00e0 la th\u00e9rapeutique, Troisi\u00e8me edition. Paris, JB Bailli\u00e9re; pp 357-362"},{"key":"4685_CR7","first-page":"143","volume":"2","author":"Duval","year":"1898","unstructured":"Duval, Guillain (1898) Pathologie des accidents nerveux cons\u00e9cutifs aux luxations et traumatismes de l\u2019\u00e9paule. Arch Gen Med 2:143\u2013191","journal-title":"Arch Gen Med"},{"key":"4685_CR8","unstructured":"Engelhard JLB (1906) Verlammingen van den plexus brachialis en n. facialis bij het pasgeboren kind. (Doctoral thesis) Utretch, P. Den Boer"},{"key":"4685_CR9","first-page":"130","volume":"2","author":"W Erb","year":"1874","unstructured":"Erb W (1874) \u00dcber eine eigenth\u00fcmliche Localisation von L\u00e4humgen im plexus brachialis. Verh Nat Med Vereins Heidelberg 2:130\u2013136","journal-title":"Verh Nat Med Vereins Heidelberg"},{"key":"4685_CR10","first-page":"122","volume-title":"Handbook of electro-therapeutics","author":"W Erb","year":"1883","unstructured":"Erb W (1883) Handbook of electro-therapeutics. William Wood & Company, New York, pp 122\u2013124"},{"key":"4685_CR11","first-page":"1217","volume":"1","author":"HA Fairbank","year":"1913","unstructured":"Fairbank HA (1913) A lecture on birth palsy. Subluxation of the shoulder joint in infants and young children. Lancet 1:1217\u20131223","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4685_CR12","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"MC Ferreira","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ferreira MC, Azze RJ (1985) Tratamento cir\u00fargico precoce da paralisia braquial obst\u00e9trica. Rev Bras Ortop 20:1\u20134","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ortop"},{"key":"4685_CR13","first-page":"52","volume":"47","author":"G Fieux","year":"1897","unstructured":"Fieux G (1897) De la pathologie des paralysies obst\u00e9tricales chez le nouveau-n\u00e9. Paralysies obst\u00e9tricales. Ann Gynecol 47:52\u201364","journal-title":"Ann Gynecol"},{"key":"4685_CR14","first-page":"55","volume":"3","author":"AC Flaubert","year":"1827","unstructured":"Flaubert AC (1827) M\u00e9moire sur plusiers cas de luxations dans les efforts pour la r\u00e9duction ont \u00e9t\u00e9 suivis d\u2019accidents graves. R\u00e9pertoire G\u00e9n\u00e9rale d\u2019Anatomie et de Physiologie Pathologique 3:55\u201379","journal-title":"R\u00e9pertoire G\u00e9n\u00e9rale d\u2019Anatomie et de Physiologie Pathologique"},{"key":"4685_CR15","first-page":"33","volume":"66","author":"A Gilbert","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gilbert A, Khouri N, Carlioz H (1980) Exploration chirurgicale du plexus brachial dans la paralysie obst\u00e9tricale: constatations anatomiques chez 21 malades \u00f3per\u00e9s. Rev Chir Orthop 66:33\u201342","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop"},{"key":"4685_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-867108","volume":"19","author":"A Gilbert","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gilbert A, Pivato G (2005) Obstetric palsy: the French contribution. Semin Plast Surg 19:5\u201316","journal-title":"Semin Plast Surg"},{"key":"4685_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)30333-3","volume":"19","author":"A Gilbert","year":"1988","unstructured":"Gilbert A, Razaboni R, Amar-Khodja S (1988) Indications and results of brachial plexus surgery in obstetrical palsy. Orthop Clin North Am 19:91\u2013105","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"4685_CR18","first-page":"70","volume":"110","author":"A Gilbert","year":"1984","unstructured":"Gilbert A, Tassin JL (1984) R\u00e9paration chirurgicale du plexus brachial dans la paralysie obst\u00e9tricale. Chirurgie 110:70\u201375","journal-title":"Chirurgie"},{"key":"4685_CR19","first-page":"1035","volume":"2","author":"W Harris","year":"1903","unstructured":"Harris W, Low VW (1903) On the importance of accurate muscular analysis in lesions of the brachial plexus and the treatment of Erb\u2019s palsy and infantile paralysis of the upper extremity by cross-union of nerve roots. Br Med J 2:1035\u20131038","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"4685_CR20","volume-title":"Manuel des Accouchements et des Maladies des Femmes Grosses et Accouch\u00e9es, Contenant les Soins \u00e0 Donner aux Nouveaux-n\u00e9s","author":"JM Jacquemier","year":"1846","unstructured":"Jacquemier JM (1846) Manuel des Accouchements et des Maladies des Femmes Grosses et Accouch\u00e9es, Contenant les Soins \u00e0 Donner aux Nouveaux-n\u00e9s. Bailli\u00e9re, Paris"},{"key":"4685_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198702000-00034","volume":"215","author":"H Kawabata","year":"1987","unstructured":"Kawabata H, Masada K, Tsuyuguchi Y, Kawai H, Ono K, Tada K (1987) Early microsurgical reconstruction in birth palsy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 215:233\u2013242","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"4685_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2197.298","volume":"1","author":"R Kennedy","year":"1903","unstructured":"Kennedy R (1903) Suture of the brachial plexus in birth paralysis of the upper extremity. Br Med J 1:298\u2013301","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"4685_CR23","unstructured":"Kennedy R (1904) Further notes on the treatment of birth paralysis of the upper extremity by suture of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. Proceedings of the seventy-second annual meeting of the British Medical Association, Oxford (July 27th-29th, 1904). Brit Med J Oct 22 1065-1068"},{"key":"4685_CR24","first-page":"591","volume":"5","author":"A Klumpke","year":"1885","unstructured":"Klumpke A (1885) Contribution a l\u2019\u00e9tude des paralysies radiculaires du plexus brachial: paralysies radiculaires totales, paralysies radiculaires inf\u00e9rieurs, de la participation du fillets sympathetique \u00f3culo-papillaires dans ces paralysies. Rev Med 5:591\u2013616","journal-title":"Rev Med"},{"key":"4685_CR25","first-page":"357","volume":"39","author":"JB L\u2019Episcopo","year":"1939","unstructured":"L\u2019Episcopo JB (1939) Restoration of muscle balance in the treatment of obstetrical paralysis. N Y State J Med 39:357\u2013363","journal-title":"N Y State J Med"},{"key":"4685_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(34)90143-4","volume":"25","author":"JB L\u2019Episcopo","year":"1934","unstructured":"L\u2019Episcopo JB (1934) Tendon transplantation in obstetrical paralysis. Am J Surg 25:122\u2013125","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"4685_CR27","first-page":"1257","volume":"59","author":"F Lange","year":"1912","unstructured":"Lange F (1912) Die Distorsion des Ochultergelenkes. M\u00fcnch Med Wochenschrift 59:1257","journal-title":"M\u00fcnch Med Wochenschrift"},{"key":"4685_CR28","first-page":"161","volume":"36","author":"ME Lauwers","year":"1930","unstructured":"Lauwers ME (1930) Le traitement chirurgical de la paralysie obst\u00e9tricale. Chirurgie 36:161\u2013174","journal-title":"Chirurgie"},{"key":"4685_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-19860601-17","volume":"9","author":"RD Meyer","year":"1986","unstructured":"Meyer RD (1986) Treatment of adult and obstetrical brachial plexus injuries. Orthopedics 9:899\u2013903","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"4685_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198812000-00007","volume":"237","author":"H Millesi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Millesi H (1988) Brachial plexus injuries. Nerve grafting. Clin Orthop 237:36\u201342","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"4685_CR31","first-page":"57","volume-title":"Le Paralisi Obstetriche","author":"E Morelli","year":"1984","unstructured":"Morelli E, Raimondi PL, Saporiti E (1984) Il loro tratamento precoce. In: Pipino F (ed) Le Paralisi Obstetriche. Aulo Gagg, Bologna, pp 57\u201376"},{"key":"4685_CR32","first-page":"117","volume-title":"The paralysed hand","author":"AO Narakas","year":"1987","unstructured":"Narakas AO (1987) Obstetrical brachial plexus injuries. In: Lamb DW (ed) The paralysed hand. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, pp 117\u2013122"},{"key":"4685_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198804000-00016","volume":"22","author":"JH Piatt","year":"1988","unstructured":"Piatt JH, Hudson AR, Hoffman HJ (1988) Preliminary experiences with brachial plexus exploration in children: birth injury and vehicular trauma. Neurosurgery 22:715\u2013723","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"4685_CR34","first-page":"101","volume":"20","author":"ID Seeligm\u00fcller","year":"1877","unstructured":"Seeligm\u00fcller ID (1877) Brachial plexus. Dtsch Arch Klin Med 20:101\u2013103","journal-title":"Dtsch Arch Klin Med"},{"key":"4685_CR35","first-page":"141","volume":"10","author":"JW Sever","year":"1920","unstructured":"Sever JW (1920) Obstetric paralysis \u2013 its cause and treatment. Can Med Assoc J 10:141\u2013161","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"4685_CR36","first-page":"541","volume":"12","author":"JW Sever","year":"1916","unstructured":"Sever JW (1916) Obstetric paralysis: its etiology, pathology, clinical aspects, and treatment, with report of four hundred and seventy cases. Am J Dis Child 12:541\u2013578","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"key":"4685_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1925.02670240014005","volume":"85","author":"JW Sever","year":"1925","unstructured":"Sever JW (1925) Obstetric paralysis: report of eleven hundred cases. JAMA 85:1862\u20131865","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4685_CR38","volume-title":"A collection of cases and observations in midwifery. Vol. II","author":"W Smellie","year":"1754","unstructured":"Smellie W (1754) A collection of cases and observations in midwifery. Vol. II. Wilson and Durham, London"},{"key":"4685_CR39","volume-title":"A collection of preternatural cases and observations in midwifery","author":"W Smellie","year":"1764","unstructured":"Smellie W (1764) A collection of preternatural cases and observations in midwifery, vol III. Wilson and Durham, London"},{"key":"4685_CR40","volume-title":"A set of anatomical tables with explanations and an abridgment of the practice of midwifery, with a view to illustrate a treatise on the subject and collection of cases","author":"W Smellie","year":"1754","unstructured":"Smellie W (1754) A set of anatomical tables with explanations and an abridgment of the practice of midwifery, with a view to illustrate a treatise on the subject and collection of cases. D. Wilson, London"},{"key":"4685_CR41","volume-title":"A treatise on the theory and practice of midwifery","author":"W Smellie","year":"1752","unstructured":"Smellie W (1752) A treatise on the theory and practice of midwifery. D. Wilson, London"},{"key":"4685_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-198112000-00002","volume":"1","author":"KA Solonen","year":"1981","unstructured":"Solonen KA, Telaranta T, Ryoppy S (1981) Early reconstruction of birth injuries of the brachial plexus. J Pediatr Orthop 1:367\u2013370","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"4685_CR43","first-page":"384","volume-title":"Chirurgie und Orthopadie im Kindersalter","author":"H Spitzy","year":"1915","unstructured":"Spitzy H, Lange F (1915) Chirurgie und Orthopadie im Kindersalter. Vogel, Leipzig, p 384"},{"key":"4685_CR44","unstructured":"Tassin JL (1984) Paralysis obst\u00e9tricales du plexus brachial. Evolution spontan\u00e9e, r\u00e9sultats des interventions r\u00e9paratrices pr\u00e9coces. Th\u00e8se, Universit\u00e9, Paris VII"},{"key":"4685_CR45","first-page":"494","volume":"30","author":"AS Taylor","year":"1920","unstructured":"Taylor AS (1920) Brachial birth palsy and injuries of similar type in adults. Surg Gynecol Obstet 30:494\u2013502","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"4685_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1907.25220280008001b","volume":"48","author":"AS Taylor","year":"1907","unstructured":"Taylor AS (1907) Results from the surgical treatment of brachial birth palsy. JAMA 48:96\u2013104","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"4685_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00624-7","volume":"2","author":"JK Terzis","year":"1986","unstructured":"Terzis JK, Liberson WT, Levine R (1986) Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy. Hand Clin 2:773\u2013786","journal-title":"Hand Clin"},{"key":"4685_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.2053.1073","volume":"1","author":"W Thorburn","year":"1900","unstructured":"Thorburn W (1900) A clinical lecture on secondary suture of the brachial plexus. Br Med J 1:1073\u20131075","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"4685_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1903.tb15516.x","volume":"3","author":"W Thorburn","year":"1903","unstructured":"Thorburn W (1903) Obstetrical paralysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp 3:454\u2013458","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Br Emp"},{"key":"4685_CR50","first-page":"29","volume":"24","author":"JA Wyeth","year":"1917","unstructured":"Wyeth JA, Sharpe W (1917) The field of neurological surgery in a general hospital. Surg Gynecol Obstet 24:29\u201336","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"}],"container-title":["Child's Nervous System"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-020-04685-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00381-020-04685-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-020-04685-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,25]],"date-time":"2022-10-25T08:58:05Z","timestamp":1666688285000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00381-020-04685-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["4685"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-020-04685-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0256-7040","1433-0350"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0256-7040"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1433-0350"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 May 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}