{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T05:10:30Z","timestamp":1790226630209,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Childs Nerv Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-021-05074-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]],"date-time":"2021-03-10T23:03:03Z","timestamp":1615417383000},"page":"2011-2023","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Current trends in pediatric moyamoya: a survey of international practitioners"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Harishchandra Lalgudi","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moran","family":"Hausman-Kedem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shlomi","family":"Constantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4267-8835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"5074_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804622","volume":"360","author":"RM Scott","year":"2009","unstructured":"Scott RM, Smith ER (2009) Moyamoya disease and moyamoya syndrome. N Engl J Med 360:1226\u20131237","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5074_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(2012) Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Moyamoya Disease (Spontaneous Occlusion of the Circle of Willis). Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 52:245\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2176\/nmc.52.245","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.52.245"},{"key":"5074_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S116","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000229","volume":"74","author":"EJ Arias","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arias EJ, Derdeyn CP, Dacey RG, Zipfel GJ (2014) Advances and surgical considerations in the treatment of moyamoya disease. Neurosurgery 74:S116\u2013S125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000229","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"5074_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004273","volume":"45","author":"IM Ahn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahn IM, Park DH, Hann HJ, Kim KH, Kim HJ, Ahn HS (2014) Incidence, prevalence, and survival of moyamoya disease in Korea: a nationwide, population-based study. Stroke 45:1090\u20131095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004273","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004160","volume":"45","author":"PC Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen PC, Yang SH, Chien KL, Tsai IJ, Kuo MF (2014) Epidemiology of moyamoya disease in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based study. Stroke 45:1258\u20131263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.004160","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2011-301387","volume":"83","author":"R Kleinloog","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kleinloog R, Regli L, Rinkel GJE, Klijn CJM (2012) Regional differences in incidence and patient characteristics of moyamoya disease: a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83:531\u2013536","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"5074_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2000.01.focus08306","volume":"26","author":"JL Smith","year":"2009","unstructured":"Smith JL (2009) Understanding and treating moyamoya disease in children. Neurosurg Focus 26:E2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2000.01.focus08306","journal-title":"Neurosurg Focus"},{"key":"5074_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferriero DM, Fullerton HJ, Bernard TJ, et al (2019) Management of stroke in neonates and children: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association\/American stroke association","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000183"},{"key":"5074_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2017.12.002","volume":"174","author":"D Herv\u00e9","year":"2018","unstructured":"Herv\u00e9 D, Kossorotoff M, Bresson D, Blauwblomme T, Carneiro M, Touze E, Proust F, Desguerre I, Alamowitch S, Bleton JP, Borsali A, Brissaud E, Brunelle F, Calviere L, Chevignard M, Geffroy-Greco G, Faesch S, Habert MO, de Larocque H, Meyer P, Reyes S, Thines L, Tournier-Lasserve E, Chabriat H (2018) French clinical practice guidelines for moyamoya angiopathy. Rev Neurol (Paris) 174:292\u2013303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurol.2017.12.002","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"5074_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.3171\/2011.12.PEDS1172","volume":"9","author":"ER Smith","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smith ER, Scott RM (2012) Spontaneous occlusion of the circle of Willis in children: pediatric moyamoya summary with proposed evidence-based practice guidelines - A review. J Neurosurg Pediatr 9:353\u2013360","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"5074_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2010.01.005","volume":"73","author":"N Andaluz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Andaluz N, Choutka O, Zuccarello M (2010) Trends in the management of adult moyamoya disease in the United States: results of a nationwide survey. World Neurosurg 73:361\u2013364","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"5074_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03481.x","volume":"19","author":"M Kraemer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kraemer M, Berlit P, Diesner F, Khan N (2012) What is the expert\u2019s option on antiplatelet therapy in moyamoya disease? Results of a worldwide survey. Eur J Neurol 19:163\u2013167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2011.03481.x","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"5074_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3605","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.08.030","volume":"27","author":"K Oki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oki K, Katsumata M, Izawa Y, Takahashi S, Suzuki N, Houkin K, Research Committee on Spontaneous Occlusion of Circle of Willis (Moyamoya disease) (2018) Trends of antiplatelet therapy for the management of moyamoya disease in Japan: results of a nationwide survey. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 27:3605\u20133612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.08.030","journal-title":"J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"5074_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1969.00480090076012","volume":"20","author":"J Suzuki","year":"1969","unstructured":"Suzuki J, Takaku A (1969) Cerebrovascular moyamoya disease: disease showing abnormal net-like vessels in base of brain. Arch Neurol 20:288\u2013299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.1969.00480090076012","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"5074_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-019-09277-1","volume":"266","author":"M Kraemer","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kraemer M, Schwitalla JC, Diesner F, Aktas O, Hartung HP, Berlit P (2019) Clinical presentation of moyamoya angiopathy in Europeans: experiences from Germany with 200 patients. J Neurol 266:1421\u20131428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-019-09277-1","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"5074_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493016669847","volume":"12","author":"M Saarela","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saarela M, Mustanoja S, Pekkola J, Tyni T, Hernesniemi J, Kivipelto L, Tatlisumak T (2017) Moyamoya vasculopathy \u2013 patient demographics and characteristics in the Finnish population. Int J Stroke 12:90\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1747493016669847","journal-title":"Int J Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.2009.00369.x","volume":"17","author":"K Mieske","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mieske K, Flaherty G, O\u2019Brien T (2010) Journeys to high altitude - risks and recommendations for travelers with preexisting medical conditions. J Travel Med 17:48\u201362","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"5074_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306627","volume":"85","author":"MR Reynolds","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reynolds MR, Kamath AA, Grubb RL, Powers WJ, Adams HP, Derdeyn CP, for the Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study Investigators (2014) The safety of aeroplane travel in patients with symptomatic carotid occlusion. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 85:435\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jnnp-2013-306627","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"5074_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.012637","volume":"47","author":"R \u00c1lvarez-Velasco","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u00c1lvarez-Velasco R, Masjuan J, DeFelipe A, Corral I, Est\u00e9vez-Fraga C, Crespo L, Alonso-C\u00e1novas A (2016) Stroke in commercial flights. Stroke 47:1117\u20131119. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.115.012637","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2014.1990","volume":"140","author":"AK Ahn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahn AK, Honeybrook A, Jordan LC, Singer RJ, Tylor DA (2014) Stroke after adenotonsillectomy in patients with undiagnosed moyamoya syndrome. JAMA Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg 140:1061\u20131064","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol - Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"5074_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-868160","volume":"15","author":"ER Smith","year":"2005","unstructured":"Smith ER, Scott RM (2005) Surgical management of moyamoya syndrome. Skull Base 15:15\u201326","journal-title":"Skull Base"},{"key":"5074_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.06.057","volume":"105","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Zhang Q, Zhang D, Zhao Y (2017) Effect of aspirin in postoperative management of adult ischemic moyamoya disease. World Neurosurg 105:728\u2013731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2017.06.057","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"5074_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073817718730","volume":"32","author":"S Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee S, Rivkin MJ, Kirton A, deVeber G, Elbers J, International Pediatric Stroke Study (2017) Moyamoya disease in children: results from the International Pediatric Stroke Study. J Child Neurol 32:924\u2013929. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0883073817718730","journal-title":"J Child Neurol"},{"key":"5074_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2003.00675.x","volume":"10","author":"G Settakis","year":"2003","unstructured":"Settakis G, Moln\u00e1r C, Ker\u00e9nyi L, Koll\u00e1r J, Legemate D, Csiba L, F\u00fclesdi B (2003) Acetazolamide as a vasodilatory stimulus in cerebrovascular diseases and in conditions affecting the cerebral vasculature. Eur J Neurol 10:609\u2013620","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"5074_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.51.479","volume":"51","author":"H Saito","year":"2011","unstructured":"Saito H, Ogasawara K, Suzuki T et al (2011) Adverse effects of intravenous acetazolamide administration for evaluation of cerebrovascular reactivity using brain perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography in patients with major cerebral artery steno-occlusive diseases. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 51:479\u2013483. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2176\/nmc.51.479","journal-title":"Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo)"},{"key":"5074_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-017-3512-0","volume":"33","author":"S Chong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chong S, Park JD, Chae JH, Cheon JE, Kim SK, Phi JH, Lee JY, Paeng JC, Wang KC (2017) Extensive brain infarction involving deep structures during an acetazolamide-challenged single-photon emission computed tomography scan in a patient with moyamoya disease. Childs Nerv Syst 33:2029\u20132033. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-017-3512-0","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5074_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A6324","volume":"41","author":"N Dlamini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dlamini N, Slim M, Kirkham F, Shroff M, Dirks P, Moharir M, MacGregor D, Robertson A, deVeber G, Logan W (2020) Predicting ischemic risk using blood oxygen level\u2013dependent MRI in children with moyamoya. Am J Neuroradiol 41:160\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A6324","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"5074_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.08.040","volume":"82","author":"T Noguchi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Noguchi T, Kawashima M, Nishihara M, Hirai T, Matsushima T, Irie H (2013) Arterial spin-labeling MR imaging in moyamoya disease comparedwith clinical assessments and other MR imaging finings. Eur J Radiol 82:e840\u2013e847. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2013.08.040","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"5074_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1504","volume":"30","author":"N Mori","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mori N, Mugikura S, Higano S, Kaneta T, Fujimura M, Umetsu A, Murata T, Takahashi S (2009) The leptomeningeal \u201civy sign\u201d on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MR imaging in moyamoya disease: a sign of decreased cerebral vascular reserve? Am J Neuroradiol 30:930\u2013935. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A1504","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"5074_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1159\/000087935","volume":"20","author":"K Houkin","year":"2005","unstructured":"Houkin K, Nakayama N, Kuroda S, Nonaka T, Shonai T, Yoshimoto T (2005) Novel magnetic resonance angiography stage grading for moyamoya disease. Cerebrovasc Dis 20:347\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000087935","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"5074_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3883","volume":"35","author":"MK Strother","year":"2014","unstructured":"Strother MK, Anderson MD, Singer RJ, du L, Moore RD, Shyr Y, Ladner TR, Arteaga D, Day MA, Clemmons PF, Donahue MJ (2014) Cerebrovascular collaterals correlate with disease severity in adult North American patients with moyamoya disease. Am J Neuroradiol 35:1318\u20131324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3174\/ajnr.A3883","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"5074_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1159\/000326077","volume":"32","author":"M Czabanka","year":"2011","unstructured":"Czabanka M, Pe\u00f1a-Tapia P, Schubert GA, Heppner FL, Martus P, Horn P, Schmiedek P, Vajkoczy P (2011) Proposal for a new grading of moyamoya disease in adult patients. Cerebrovasc Dis 32:41\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000326077","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis"},{"key":"5074_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.11.JNS15562","volume":"126","author":"TR Ladner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ladner TR, Donahue MJ, Arteaga DF, Faraco CC, Roach BA, Davis LT, Jordan LC, Froehler MT, Strother MK (2017) Prior infarcts, reactivity, and angiography in moyamoya disease (PIRAMD): a scoring system for moyamoya severity based on multimodal hemodynamic imaging. J Neurosurg 126:495\u2013503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2015.11.JNS15562","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"5074_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/NEUROS","volume":"86","author":"M Teo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Teo M, Furtado S, Kaneko OF et al (2020) Validation and application for the Berlin grading system of moyamoya disease in adult patients. Neurosurgery 86:203\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/NEUROS","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"5074_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2015.01739","volume":"18","author":"T Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim T, Oh CW, Bang JS, Kim JE, Cho WS (2016) Moyamoya disease: treatment and outcomes. J Stroke 18:21\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5853\/jos.2015.01739","journal-title":"J Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3177","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025609","volume":"50","author":"EJ Ha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ha EJ, Kim KH, Wang KC, Phi JH, Lee JY, Choi JW, Cho BK, Yang J, Byun YH, Kim SK (2019) Long-term outcomes of indirect bypass for 629 children with moyamoya disease: longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis. Stroke 50:3177\u20133183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.025609","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.12.jns192938","volume":"134","author":"S Kuroda","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kuroda S, Nakayama N, Yamamoto S, Kashiwazaki D, Uchino H, Saito H, Hori E, Akioka N, Kuwayama N, Houkin K (2020) Late (5\u201320 years) outcomes after STA-MCA anastomosis and encephalo-duro-myo-arterio-pericranial synangiosis in patients with moyamoya disease. J Neurosurg 134:1\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.12.jns192938","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"5074_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.1.PEDS18457","volume":"23","author":"CP Riordan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Riordan CP, Storey A, Cote DJ, Smith ER, Scott RM (2019) Results of more than 20 years of follow-up in pediatric patients with moyamoya disease undergoing pial synangiosis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 23:586\u2013592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2019.1.PEDS18457","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"5074_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018563","volume":"49","author":"G Acker","year":"2018","unstructured":"Acker G, Fekonja L, Vajkoczy P (2018) Surgical management of moyamoya disease. Stroke 49:476\u2013482. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018563","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"5074_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.8.JNS15504","volume":"126","author":"L Macyszyn","year":"2017","unstructured":"Macyszyn L, Attiah M, Ma TS, Ali Z, Faught R, Hossain A, Man K, Patel H, Sobota R, Zager EL, Stein SC (2017) Direct versus indirect revascularization procedures for moyamoya disease: a comparative effectiveness study. J Neurosurg 126:1523\u20131529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2015.8.JNS15504","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"5074_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.3171\/2019.6.PEDS19241","volume":"24","author":"K Ravindran","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ravindran K, Wellons JC, Dewan MC (2019) Surgical outcomes for pediatric moyamoya: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurosurg Pediatr 24:663\u2013672","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"5074_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2008.11.015","volume":"72","author":"H Matsumoto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Matsumoto H, Kohno K (2009) Indications for one-stage extensive indirect vascular reconstructive surgery for pediatric moyamoya disease: 4 case reports. Surg Neurol 72:538\u2013544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surneu.2008.11.015","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"5074_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000114140.41509.14","volume":"54","author":"SK Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim SK, Seol HJ, Cho BK, Hwang YS, Lee DS, Wang KC (2004) Moyamoya disease among young patients: its aggressive clinical course and the role of active surgical treatment. Neurosurgery 54:840\u2013846. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/01.NEU.0000114140.41509.14","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"5074_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-011-0312-y","volume":"34","author":"Y Ma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ma Y, Li M, Jiao LQ, Zhang HQ, Ling F (2011) Contralateral cerebral hemodynamic changes after unilateral direct revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease. Neurosurg Rev 34:347\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10143-011-0312-y","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev"},{"key":"5074_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2011.50.6.492","volume":"50","author":"YJ Jung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jung YJ, Ahn JS, Kwon DH, Kwun BD (2011) Ischemic complications occurring in the contralateral hemisphere after surgical treatment of adults with moyamoya disease. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 50:492\u2013496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2011.50.6.492","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"5074_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"(1985) The international cooperative study of extracranial\/intracranial arterial anastomosis (Ec\/ic bypass study): methodology and entry characteristics. Stroke 16:397\u2013406. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.16.3.397","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.16.3.397"},{"key":"5074_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s003810000407","volume":"17","author":"S Nomura","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nomura S, Kashiwagi S, Uetsuka S, Uchida T, Kubota H, Ito H (2001) Perioperative management protocols for children with moyamoya disease. Childs Nerv Syst 17:270\u2013274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s003810000407","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5074_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.3340\/jkns.2013.54.4.302","volume":"54","author":"JK Lee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lee JK, Yoon BH, Chung SY, Park MS, Kim SM, Lee DS (2013) The usefulness of the ivy sign on fluid-attenuated intensity recovery images in improved brain hemodynamic changes after superfcial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis in adult patients with moyamoya disease. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 54:302\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3340\/jkns.2013.54.4.302","journal-title":"J Korean Neurosurg Soc"},{"key":"5074_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1258\/ar.2011.100367","volume":"52","author":"R Ideguchi","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ideguchi R, Morikawa M, Enokizono M, Ogawa Y, Nagata I, Uetani M (2011) Ivy signs on FLAIR images before and after STA-MCA anastomosis in patients with moyamoya disease. Acta Radiol 52:291\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1258\/ar.2011.100367","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"}],"container-title":["Child's Nervous System"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-021-05074-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00381-021-05074-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-021-05074-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T19:08:20Z","timestamp":1623092900000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00381-021-05074-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["5074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-021-05074-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0256-7040","1433-0350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0256-7040","type":"print"},{"value":"1433-0350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 November 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Harishchandra Lalgudi Srinivasan reports no disclosure.Moran Hausman-Kedem reports no disclosure.Edward R Smith reports no disclosure.Shlomi Constantini reports no disclosure.Jonathan Roth reports no disclosure.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}