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In these babies, germinal matrix haemorrhage (GMH), intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) are the most important determinants of long-term cognitive and developmental outcomes. In this review, we discuss current neurosurgical management of IVH and PHVD, including the importance of early diagnosis of PHVD, thresholds for intervention, options for early management through the use of temporising measures and subsequent definitive CSF diversion. We also discuss treatment options for the evolving paradigm to manage intraventricular blood and its breakdown products. We review the evidence for techniques such as drainage, irrigation, fibrinolytic therapy (DRIFT) and neuroendoscopic lavage in the context of optimising cognitive, neurodevelopmental and quality of life outcomes in these premature infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-021-05206-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]],"date-time":"2021-05-15T20:02:22Z","timestamp":1621108942000},"page":"3375-3383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Intraventricular haemorrhage and posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation: moving beyond CSF diversion"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0053-147X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aswin","family":"Chari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor","family":"Mallucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Whitelaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian","family":"Aquilina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"5206_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60820-4","volume":"379","author":"H Blencowe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Blencowe H, Cousens S, Oestergaard MZ, Chou D, Moller AB, Narwal R, Adler A, Vera Garcia C, Rohde S, Say L, Lawn JE (2012) National, regional, and worldwide estimates of preterm birth rates in the year 2010 with time trends since 1990 for selected countries: a systematic analysis and implications. 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