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However, transaqueductal stenting poses unique challenges and risks which requires critical consideration. This report discusses the clinical experiences with transaqueductal stenting for periaqueductal tumor-related aqueductal stenosis focusing on pediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing endoscopic TAS from 01\/1993 to 01\/2022 in the author\u2019s departments was performed. Demographic, clinical, radiological, and intraoperative endoscopic data were evaluated. All patients with AS-related occlusive hydrocephalus that was treated with TAS were analyzed and prospectively followed. Special attention has been given to providing insights into indications, surgical technique, and limitations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out of 28 endoscopic transaqueductal endoscopis stenting procedures, five procedures were performed on periaqueductal tumor-related obstructive hydrocephalus, two children and three adult patients. CSF pathway was obstructed by tumor located in the aqueduct in 2, by tumor in the thalamus\/mesencephalon in 1, by a tumor within the third ventricle in 1, and by a tumor of the lamina tecti in 1. Simultaneously with transaqueductal stenting, 2 endoscopic third ventriculostomies (ETV), 3 tumor biopsies, and 1 tumor resection were performed. Postoperative complications included the following: CSF fistula (1 case), and asymptomatic fornix contusion (1 case). A working aqueductal stent was achieved in all cases based on clinical follow-up evaluation. Postoperatively, all patients showed improvement or resolution of their symptoms. The mean follow-up period was 25.2\u00a0months (range, 1\u2013108\u00a0months). One patient died due to tumor progression during early follow-up. No stent migration was seen.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endoscopic third ventriculostomy remains the gold standard for treatment of CSF circulation obstructions with lesions in the posterior third ventricle and aqueduct. Transaqueductal stenting for periaqueductal tumor-related aqueductal compression is technically feasible. However, because of the potential high risks and subtle advantages compared with ETV transaqueductal stenting, it might be indicated in a small subset of well-selected patients if alternative treatment options are not at hand.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-023-06171-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T09:02:21Z","timestamp":1697101341000},"page":"395-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Endoscopic transaqueductal stent placement for tumor-related aqueductal compression in pediatric patients: surgical consideration, technique, and results"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Prajsnar-Borak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry W. 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