{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T19:58:25Z","timestamp":1792267105643,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Childs Nerv Syst"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In an effort to maximize benefit and minimize morbidity when performing fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis (FODO) for unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS), we have transitioned to an endoscopic-assisted approach (\u201cendo-FODO\u201d). This study compares photogrammetric outcomes of patients who underwent FODO via an endoscopic-assisted versus open approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed patients treated for UCS from 2013 to 2023. Photogrammetric outcomes at one to three\u00a0years postoperatively were compared between patients who underwent endo-FODO and age- and sex-matched controls who underwent open FODO. Differences between pre- and postoperative periorbital symmetry ratios, canthal tilt symmetry, and orbital dystopia angle (ODA) were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty patients (ten per group) underwent surgery at a mean age of 6.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8 and 5.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1\u00a0months (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.426) and were photographed at 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 and 1.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9\u00a0years (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.597) postoperatively in the endo-FODO and open FODO groups, respectively. Patients who underwent endo-FODO demonstrated significant improvements in margin-reflex distance 1 (MRD1) symmetry ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), palpebral height symmetry ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), canthal tilt symmetry (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020), and ODA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009). Patients who underwent open FODO likewise demonstrated significant improvements in MRD1 symmetry ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), palpebral height symmetry ratio (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033), and ODA (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004). All postoperative measurements as well as degrees of improvement were similar between groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endo- and open FODO were associated with significant and comparable improvements in soft tissue periorbital symmetry and orbital dystopia at nearly two\u00a0years postoperatively. While continued follow-up until cranial maturity is needed to assess the durability of aesthetic results, these data support a minimally invasive, endoscopic alternative to fronto-orbital distraction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-024-06662-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]],"date-time":"2024-12-18T00:40:07Z","timestamp":1734482407000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Endoscopic-assisted versus open fronto-orbital distraction for unicoronal craniosynostosis: morphometric and technique considerations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Meagan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor S.","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dillan F.","family":"Villavisanis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinggang J.","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin B.","family":"Massenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic J.","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory G.","family":"Heuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott P.","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan W.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesse A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"6662_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31816a9f88","volume":"121","author":"JC Selber","year":"2008","unstructured":"Selber JC, Brooks C, Kurichi JE, Temmen T, Sonnad SS, Whitaker LA (2008) Long-term results following fronto-orbital reconstruction in nonsyndromic unicoronal synostosis. 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