{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T21:02:25Z","timestamp":1774386145678,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Childs Nerv Syst"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-026-07215-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T17:34:01Z","timestamp":1774373641000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endoscopic transnasal surgery for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (Pit-NETs) in children and young adolescents (CYP) \u2013 clinical profile, outcomes and sino-nasal quality of life \u2013 an Institutional Experience"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0159-1933","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin Jude","family":"Sudevan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8069-4289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhas K.","family":"Konar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7613-1929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhaval P.","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0509-4993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nishanth","family":"Sadashiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7330-0627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dwarakanath","family":"Srinivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arivazhagan","family":"A.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.13302","volume":"35","author":"O Casar\u2010Borota","year":"2025","unstructured":"Casar\u2010Borota O, Burman P, Lopes MB (2025) The 2022 WHO classification of tumors of the pituitary gland: an update on aggressive and metastatic pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Brain Pathol 35(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bpa.13302","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"7215_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00948-8","author":"K M","year":"2024","unstructured":"M K, Jc B, A B, J A, Jh D, Mr D, J E, D F, N G, Ce H, Ts J, S S, I S, N T, Fm S, Hl S, Ha S (2024) Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: part 1, general recommendations. Nat Rev Endocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-023-00948-8","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7215_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2004.10.003","volume":"12","author":"P Pandey","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pandey P, Ojha BK, Mahapatra AK (2005) Pediatric pituitary adenoma: a series of 42 patients. J Clin Neurosci 12(2):124\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jocn.2004.10.003","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1625984","volume":"79","author":"A Perry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perry A, Graffeo CS, Marcellino C, Pollock BE, Wetjen NM, Meyer FB (2018) Pediatric pituitary adenoma: case series, review of the literature, and a skull base treatment paradigm. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 79(1):91\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0038-1625984","journal-title":"J Neurol Surg B Skull Base"},{"key":"7215_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.806855","author":"J Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen J, Liu H, Man S, Liu G, Li Q, Zuo Q, Huo L, Li W, Deng W (2022) Endoscopic vs. microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for the treatment of pituitary adenoma: a meta-analysis. Front Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsurg.2021.806855","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"7215_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106411","volume":"200","author":"S Dhandapani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dhandapani S, Narayanan R, Jayant SS, Sahoo SK, Dutta P, Walia R, Chhabra R, Singh A, Verma R, Gupta R, Virk RS, Dhandapani M, Bhagat H, Bhansali A, Mukherjee KK, Gupta SK (2021) Endonasal endoscopic versus microscopic transsphenoidal surgery in pituitary tumors among the young: a comparative study & meta-analysis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106411","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"4","key":"7215_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-022-05445-3","volume":"38","author":"AP Kelly","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kelly AP, Greenfield JP, Dobri GA, Schwartz TH (2022) Pediatric pituitary adenomas are more aggressive, more likely to be hormone producing and are more difficult to cure than adult pituitary adenomas: case series and systematic literature review. Childs Nerv Syst 38(4):729\u2013738. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-022-05445-3","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"7215_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00948-8","volume":"20","author":"M Korbonits","year":"2024","unstructured":"Korbonits M, Blair JC, Boguslawska A, Ayuk J, Davies JH, Druce MR, Evanson J, Flanagan D, Glynn N, Higham CE, Jacques TS, Sinha S, Simmons I, Thorp N, Swords FM, Storr HL, Spoudeas HA (2024) Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: part 1, general recommendations. Nat Rev Endocrinol 20(5):278\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-023-00948-8","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7215_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1007\/s007010100002","volume":"143","author":"T Kili\u00e7","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kili\u00e7 T, Ekinci G, Seker A, Elmaci I, Erzen C, Pamir MN (2001) Determining optimal MRI follow-up after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma: scan at 24 hours postsurgery provides reliable information. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 143(11):1103\u20131126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s007010100002","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien)"},{"key":"7215_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.77597","author":"A Modak","year":"2025","unstructured":"Modak A, Gross E, Yang A, Mullick M, Jani RN, Williams BJ, Modak A, Gross EG, Yang AB, Mullick M, Jani RN, Williams BJ (2025) Early postoperative magnetic resonance imaging for transsphenoidal pituitary surgery: a systemic literature review and the proposed imaging algorithm. Cureus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.77597","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.3.JNS131679","volume":"121","author":"K Juraschka","year":"2014","unstructured":"Juraschka K, Khan OH, Godoy BL, Monsalves E, Kilian A, Krischek B, Ghare A, Vescan A, Gentili F, Zadeh G (2014) Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to large and giant pituitary adenomas: institutional experience and predictors of extent of resection. J Neurosurg 121(1):75\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.3.JNS131679","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7215_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-010-0280-1","volume":"14","author":"JA Gondim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gondim JA, Almeida JPC, Albuquerque LAF, Schops M, Gomes E, Ferraz T, Sobreira W, Kretzmann MT (2011) Endoscopic endonasal approach for pituitary adenoma: surgical complications in 301 patients. Pituitary 14(2):174\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11102-010-0280-1","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"7215_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1481899","volume":"14","author":"A Shen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shen A, Min Y, Zhou D, Dai L, Lyu L, Zhan W, Jiang S, Zhou P (2024) Adaptive evaluation of gross total resection rates for endoscopic endonasal approach based on preoperative MRI morphological features of pituitary adenomas. Front Oncol 14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2024.1481899","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2003.41","volume":"128","author":"DJ Kay","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kay DJ, Rosenfeld RM (2003) Quality of life for children with persistent sinonasal symptoms. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 128(1):17\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mhn.2003.41","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"7215_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.09.005","volume":"90","author":"G Sethi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sethi G, Chakravarti A (2016) Quality of life after endoscopic sinus surgery in refractory pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 90:160\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.09.005","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"7215_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-017-1769-8","volume":"134","author":"MBS Lopes","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lopes MBS (2017) The 2017 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the pituitary gland: a summary. Acta Neuropathol 134(4):521\u2013535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-017-1769-8","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7215_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1997.01900100019002","volume":"123","author":"RM Rosenfeld","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rosenfeld RM, Goldsmith AJ, Tetlus L, Balzano A (1997) Quality of life for children with otitis media. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123(10):1049\u20131054. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archotol.1997.01900100019002","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90036-1","volume":"47","author":"EF Juniper","year":"1994","unstructured":"Juniper EF, Guyatt GH, Willan A, Griffith LE (1994) Determining a minimal important change in a disease-specific quality of life questionnaire. J Clin Epidemiol 47(1):81\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0895-4356(94)90036-1","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"7215_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.05.111","volume":"176","author":"M Caklili","year":"2023","unstructured":"Caklili M, Yilmaz E, Duman Ozturk S, Uzuner A, Yildirim P, Cizmecioglu Jones FM, Tas A, Cabuk B, Anik I, Ceylan S (2023) Outcomes of endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for more aggressive pediatric pituitary adenomas: early- and late-term results from a single center experience. World Neurosurg 176:e623\u2013e633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2023.05.111","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199601000-00024","volume":"38","author":"K Thapar","year":"1996","unstructured":"Thapar K, Kovacs K, Scheithauer BW, Stefaneanu L, Horvath E, Pernicone PJ, Murray D, Laws ER (1996) Proliferative activity and invasiveness among pituitary adenomas and carcinomas: an analysis using the MIB-1 antibody. Neurosurgery 38(1):99\u2013106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006123-199601000-00024","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"7215_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-9183-5_11","volume":"53","author":"K Kitz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Kitz K, Knosp E, Koos WT, Korn A (1991) Proliferation in pituitary adenomas: measurement by MAb KI 67. Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien) 53:60\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-7091-9183-5_11","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir Suppl (Wien)"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.02.020","volume":"42","author":"AL Kennedy","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kennedy AL, Morton JP, Manoharan I, Nelson DM, Jamieson NB, Pawlikowski JS, McBryan T, Doyle B, McKay C, Oien KA, Enders GH, Zhang R, Sansom OJ, Adams PD (2011) Activation of the PIK3CA\/AKT pathway suppresses senescence induced by an activated RAS oncogene to promote tumorigenesis. Mol Cell 42(1):36\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.02.020","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"7","key":"7215_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2746","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0126","volume":"93","author":"A Fusco","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fusco A, Zatelli MC, Bianchi A, Cimino V, Tilaro L, Veltri F, Angelini F, Lauriola L, Vellone V, Doglietto F, Ambrosio MR, Maira G, Giustina A, degli Uberti EC, Pontecorvi A, De Marinis L (2008) Prognostic significance of the Ki-67 labeling index in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93(7):2746\u20132750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2008-0126","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"7215_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1080\/02688697.2021.1884186","volume":"38","author":"L Yuhan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuhan L, Zhiqun W, Jihui T, Renlong P (2024) Ki-67 labeling index and Knosp classification of pituitary adenomas. Br J Neurosurg 38(2):393\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02688697.2021.1884186","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"key":"7215_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.10.066","volume":"170","author":"M Behbahani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Behbahani M, Rastatter JC, Eide J, Karras C, Walz P, Suresh K, Leonard JR, Alden TD (2023) Pediatric endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: a retrospective review over 11 years. World Neurosurg 170:e70\u2013e78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.10.066","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"5","key":"7215_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-023-00949-7","volume":"20","author":"M Korbonits","year":"2024","unstructured":"Korbonits M, Blair JC, Boguslawska A, Ayuk J, Davies JH, Druce MR, Evanson J, Flanagan D, Glynn N, Higham CE, Jacques TS, Sinha S, Simmons I, Thorp N, Swords FM, Storr HL, Spoudeas HA (2024) Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and management of pituitary adenomas in childhood and adolescence: part 2, specific diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol 20(5):290\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41574-023-00949-7","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7215_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.JNS141624","volume":"122","author":"AS Little","year":"2015","unstructured":"Little AS, Kelly D, Milligan J, Griffiths C, Prevedello DM, Carrau RL, Rosseau G, Barkhoudarian G, Otto BA, Jahnke H, Chaloner C, Jelinek KL, Chapple K, White WL (2015) Predictors of sinonasal quality of life and nasal morbidity after fully endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery. J Neurosurg 122(6):1458\u20131465. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/2014.10.JNS141624","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"7215_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wongworawut Y, Hwang PH, Nayak JV, Dodd R, Fernandez-Miranda JC, Patel ZM (2025) Functionality of pituitary tumors impacts sinonasal quality of life before and after endoscopic surgery. Laryngoscope. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.70116","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.70116"},{"issue":"6","key":"7215_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.364068","volume":"70","author":"A Sunil","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sunil A, Thakar S, Aryan S, Hegde AS (2022) Changes in sinonasal and overall quality of life following endoscopic endonasal surgery for non-functioning pituitary adenomas: results of a prospective observational study. Neurol India 70(6):2357\u20132365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0028-3886.364068","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02747-5","volume":"11","author":"V Nov\u00e1k","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nov\u00e1k V, Hrab\u00e1lek L, Hoza J, C Hu\u010dko N, Pohlodek D, Macura J (2021) Sinonasal quality of life in patients after an endoscopic endonasal surgery of a sellar tumour. Sci Rep 11(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-02747-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"7215_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjorl.2023.101337","volume":"90","author":"Y Zhong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhong Y, Deng Z, Chen H, Qiu Q (2024) Evaluation of sinonasal-related quality of life of 49 patients undergoing endoscopic skull base surgery. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 90(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjorl.2023.101337","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"}],"container-title":["Child's Nervous System"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07215-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07215-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07215-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T17:34:02Z","timestamp":1774373642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07215-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7215"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07215-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1433-0350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1433-0350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Disclosures"}}],"article-number":"130"}}