{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T23:06:16Z","timestamp":1784761576319,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Childs Nerv Syst"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cranial vault modeling for children with craniosynostosis is traditionally performed utilizing an open bicoronal approach. For patients with multi-suture craniosynostosis, particularly bilateral coronal suture fusion, posterior vault expansion using cranial springs or distractors is increasingly utilized. Posterior vault distraction osteogenesis (PVDO) enables substantial expansion of intracranial volume, minimizes relapse, and corrects cranial dysmorphology. However, the burden of a large bicoronal scar remains challenging for patients and families. Minimally invasive endoscopic approaches used primarily for single-suture craniosynostosis allow for decreased blood loss, shorter hospital stay, and decreased scar burden. However, minimally invasive techniques have not yet been realized for PVDO, for several reasons including the safe navigation of venous anatomy. In this report, the authors describe a novel technique utilizing a minimally invasive endoscopic PVDO technique (PV En-DO) that avoids a bicoronal incision and present an initial case report demonstrating feasibility in patients with bicoronal craniosynostosis. The authors conclude that PV En-DO appears feasible, safe, and effective, offering adequate cranial vault expansion with reduced scar burden and advantageous perioperative characteristics. Further study is needed to elucidate the indications, safety, and long-term outcomes of this technique.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-026-07391-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:54:44Z","timestamp":1784760884000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Endoscopic posterior vault distraction osteogenesis (PVDO): advantages of eliminating the bicoronal incision"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Philip D.","family":"Tolley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maura R.","family":"Guyler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel A.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth B.","family":"Card","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Kundishora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan W.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"7391_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-021-05118-7","volume":"37","author":"AR Carlson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Carlson AR, Taylor JA (2021) Posterior vault distraction osteogenesis: indications and expectations. Childs Nerv Syst 37(10):3119\u20133125. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-021-05118-7","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"7391_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000009336","volume":"150","author":"LS Humphries","year":"2022","unstructured":"Humphries LS, Zapatero ZD, Vu GH et al (2022) Ten years of posterior cranial vault expansion by means of distraction osteogenesis: an update and critical evaluation. Plast Reconstr Surg 150(2):379\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000009336","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"7391_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000001294","volume":"135","author":"CA Derderian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Derderian CA, Wink JD, McGrath JL, Collinsworth A, Bartlett SP, Taylor JA (2015) Volumetric changes in cranial vault expansion: comparison of fronto-orbital advancement and posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 135(6):1665\u20131672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000001294","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"7391_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037e","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000009626","volume":"150","author":"ZD Zapatero","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zapatero ZD, Kosyk MS, Kalmar CL et al (2022) How low should we go? Safety and craniometric impact of the low occipital osteotomy in posterior vault remodeling. Plast Reconstr Surg 150(5):1037e\u20131048e. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000009626","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7391_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-008-0758-6","volume":"25","author":"N White","year":"2009","unstructured":"White N, Evans M, Dover MS, Noons P, Solanki G, Nishikawa H (2009) Posterior calvarial vault expansion using distraction osteogenesis. Childs Nerv Syst 25(2):231\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-008-0758-6","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"7391_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318200ab83","volume":"127","author":"DM Steinbacher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Steinbacher DM, Skirpan J, Pucha\u0142a J, Bartlett SP (2011) Expansion of the posterior cranial vault using distraction osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 127(2):792\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318200ab83","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"7391_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829e","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000002127","volume":"137","author":"JW Swanson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Swanson JW, Samra F, Bauder A, Mitchell BT, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP (2016) An algorithm for managing syndromic craniosynostosis using posterior vault distraction osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 137(5):829e\u2013841e. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000002127","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7391_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199401000-00031","volume":"93","author":"IR Munro","year":"1994","unstructured":"Munro IR, Fearon JA (1994) The coronal incision revisited. Plast Reconstr Surg 93(1):185\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006534-199401000-00031","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"7391_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roy T, Chavez J, R RR (2021) Skin deep: perception of scars after cranial vault reconstruction. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 58(11):1376\u20131381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1055665620984349","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665620984349"},{"issue":"2","key":"7391_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1177\/27325016221089024","volume":"3","author":"T Roy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roy T, Chavez J, Cho D, Sobota R, Reid RR (2022) Crowdsourcing the perception of the bicoronal scar in open cranial vault reconstruction. FACE 3(2):297\u2013302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/27325016221089024","journal-title":"FACE"},{"issue":"9","key":"7391_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-012-1777-x","volume":"28","author":"DF Jimenez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jimenez DF, Barone CM (2012) Endoscopic technique for coronal synostosis. Childs Nerv Syst 28(9):1429\u20131432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-012-1777-x","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"7391_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1998.88.1.0077","volume":"88","author":"DF Jimenez","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jimenez DF, Barone CM (1998) Endoscopic craniectomy for early surgical correction of sagittal craniosynostosis. J Neurosurg 88(1):77\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3171\/jns.1998.88.1.0077","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"7391_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Barone CM, Jimenez DF (1999) Endoscopic craniectomy for early correction of craniosynostosis. Plast Reconstr Surg 104(7):1965\u201373; discussion 1974\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00006534-199912000-00003","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199912000-00003"},{"issue":"1","key":"7391_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0000000000008082","volume":"33","author":"CL Kalmar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kalmar CL, Carlson AR, Kosyk MS, Zapatero ZD, Heuer GG, Taylor JA (2022) Endoscopic-assisted fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis: initial patient report. J Craniofac Surg 33(1):117\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/scs.0000000000008082","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"7391_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-024-06662-8","volume":"41","author":"M Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu M, Wagner CS, Villavisanis DF et al (2024) Endoscopic-assisted versus open fronto-orbital distraction for unicoronal craniosynostosis: morphometric and technique considerations. Childs Nerv Syst 41(1):59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-024-06662-8","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"7391_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000009256","volume":"150","author":"CL Kalmar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kalmar CL, Carlson AR, Kosyk MS, Zapatero ZD, Heuer GG, Taylor JA (2022) Endoscope-assisted fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 150(1):157\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000009256","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"7391_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2016.03.017","volume":"45","author":"S Kluba","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kluba S, Rohleder S, Wolff M et al (2016) Parental perception of treatment and medical care in children with craniosynostosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 45(11):1341\u20131346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijom.2016.03.017","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"7391_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399e","DOI":"10.1097\/prs.0000000000011236","volume":"155","author":"DY Cho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cho DY, Blum JD, Villavisanis DF et al (2025) Use of resorbable fixation for posterior cranial vault distraction osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 155(2):399e\u2013401e. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/prs.0000000000011236","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Child's Nervous System"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07391-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07391-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07391-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T22:54:44Z","timestamp":1784760884000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07391-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["7391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00381-026-07391-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1433-0350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1433-0350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"305"}}