{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:00:05Z","timestamp":1791270005168,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,15]],"date-time":"2013-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384473600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Surg Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-013-3429-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,14]],"date-time":"2013-11-14T06:20:23Z","timestamp":1384410023000},"page":"87-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Ideal timing of orchiopexy: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"name":"FRCSC for the Canadian Association of Pediatric Surgeon Evidence-Based Resource","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Wayne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Nasr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"3429_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.08.158","volume":"179","author":"D Cortes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cortes D, Kjellberg EM, Breddam M et al (2008) The true incidence of cryptorchidism in Denmark. J Urol 179:314\u2013318","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2003.tb02654.x","volume":"24","author":"PF Thonneau","year":"2003","unstructured":"Thonneau PF, Candia P, Mieusset R (2003) Cryptorchidism: incidence, risk factors, and potential role of environment; an update. J Androl 24:155","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"3429_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050239","volume":"13","author":"M Thong","year":"1997","unstructured":"Thong M, Lim C, Fatimah H (1997) Undescended testes: incidence in 1,002 consecutive male infants and outcome at 1\u00a0year of age. Pediatr Surg Int 13:37\u201341","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"3429_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1590\/S0041-87812003000300008","volume":"58","author":"FF Pasqualotto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Pasqualotto FF, Locambo CV, Athayde KS et al (2003) Measuring male infertility: epidemiological aspects. Rev Hosp Cl\u00edn Fac Med Univ S\u00e3o Paulo 58:173\u2013178","journal-title":"Rev Hosp Cl\u00edn Fac Med Univ S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"key":"3429_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-007-1900-3","volume":"23","author":"F Murphy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Murphy F, Paran TS, Puri P (2007) Orchidopexy and its impact on fertility. Pediatr Surg Int 23:625\u2013632","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"3429_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38815-8","volume":"142","author":"M Cendron","year":"1989","unstructured":"Cendron M, Keating MA, Huff DS et al (1989) Cryptorchidism, orchiopexy and infertility: a critical long-term retrospective analysis. J Urol 142:559\u2013562 discussion 572","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.1982.tb00255.x","volume":"5","author":"E Bostofte","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bostofte E, Serup J, Rebbe H (1982) Relation between sperm count and semen volume, and pregnancies obtained during a twenty-year follow-up period. Int J Androl 5:267\u2013275","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"3429_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)10514-1","volume":"352","author":"JPE Bonde","year":"1998","unstructured":"Bonde JPE, Ernst E, Jensen TK et al (1998) Relation between semen quality and fertility: a population-based study of 430 first-pregnancy planners. The Lancet 352:1172\u20131177","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"3429_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eursup.2012.01.005","volume":"11","author":"E Comploj","year":"2012","unstructured":"Comploj E, Pycha A (2012) Diagnosis and management of cryptorchidism. Eur Urol Suppl 11:2\u20139","journal-title":"Eur Urol Suppl"},{"key":"3429_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.126.2.302","volume":"126","author":"M Batata","year":"1976","unstructured":"Batata M, Whitmore W Jr, Hilaris B et al (1976) Cancer of the undescended or maldescended testis. Am J Roentgenol 126:302\u2013312","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"3429_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1241171","volume":"19","author":"F Canavese","year":"2009","unstructured":"Canavese F, Mussa A, Manenti M et al (2009) Sperm count of young men surgically treated for cryptorchidism in the first and second year of life: fertility is better in children treated at a younger age. Eur J Pediatr Surg 19:388\u2013391","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3429_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067588","volume":"356","author":"A Pettersson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pettersson A, Richiardi L, Nordenskjold A et al (2007) Age at surgery for undescended testis and risk of testicular cancer. N Engl J Med 356:1835\u20131841","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3429_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2008.04745.x","volume":"78","author":"CJ Bruijnen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bruijnen CJ, Vogels HD, Beasley SW (2008) Review of the extent to which orchidopexy is performed at the optimal age: implications for health services. ANZ J Surg 78:1006\u20131009","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"3429_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.03.173","volume":"178","author":"C Kollin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kollin C, Karpe B, Hesser U et al (2007) Surgical treatment of unilaterally undescended testes: testicular growth after randomization to orchiopexy at age 9\u00a0months or 3\u00a0years. J Urol 178:1589\u20131593","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2007.01788.x","volume":"14","author":"KH Park","year":"2007","unstructured":"Park KH, Lee JH, Han JJ et al (2007) Histological evidences suggest recommending orchiopexy within the first year of life for children with unilateral inguinal cryptorchid testis. Int J Urol 14:616\u2013621","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2011.04.057","volume":"78","author":"S Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim S, Hwang EC, Hwang IS et al (2011) Testicular catch up growth: the impact of orchiopexy age. Urology 78:886\u2013889","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"3429_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(74)80003-5","volume":"9","author":"W Mengel","year":"1974","unstructured":"Mengel W, Hienz H, Sippe W II et al (1974) Studies on cryptorchidism: a comparison of histological findings in the germinative epithelium before and after the second year of life. J Pediatr Surg 9:445\u2013450","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3429_CR18","unstructured":"Canadian association of pediatric surgeons: CAPS evidence-based resource (2013)"},{"key":"3429_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(03)00211-7","volume":"56","author":"B Graham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Graham B, Regehr G, Wright JG (2003) Delphi as a method to establish consensus for diagnostic criteria. J Clin Epidemiol 56:1150\u20131156","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"3429_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-7-10","volume":"7","author":"BJ Shea","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shea BJ, Grimshaw JM, Wells GA et al (2007) Development of AMSTAR: a measurement tool to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol 7:10","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"3429_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4","volume":"17","author":"AR Jadad","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carroll D et al (1996) Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 17:1\u201312","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"3429_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-2197.2003.02748.x","volume":"73","author":"K Slim","year":"2003","unstructured":"Slim K, Nini E, Forestier D et al (2003) Methodological index for non-randomized studies (MINORS): development and validation of a new instrument. ANZ J Surg 73:712\u2013716","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"3429_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)39505-8","volume":"144","author":"SJ Kogan","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kogan SJ, Tennenbaum S, Gill B et al (1990) Efficacy of orchiopexy by patient age 1\u00a0year for cryptorchidism. J Urol 144:508\u2013509 discussion 512\u2013513","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.4.676","volume":"98","author":"PA Lee","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lee PA, O\u2019Leary LA, Songer NJ et al (1996) Paternity after unilateral cryptorchidism: a controlled study. Pediatrics 98:676\u2013679","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3429_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2009.09.031","volume":"19","author":"A Wiser","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wiser A, Raviv G, Weissenberg R et al (2009) Does age at orchidopexy impact on the results of testicular sperm extraction? Reprod Biomed Online 19:778\u2013783","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"3429_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.04.032","volume":"182","author":"GE Tasian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tasian GE, Hittelman AB, Kim GE et al (2009) Age at orchiopexy and testis palpability predict germ and Leydig cell loss: clinical predictors of adverse histological features of cryptorchidism. J Urol 182:704\u2013709","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)67580-3","volume":"153","author":"IM McAleer","year":"1995","unstructured":"McAleer IM, Packer MG, Kaplan GW et al (1995) Fertility index analysis in cryptorchidism. J Urol 153:1255\u20131258","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)64505-1","volume":"158","author":"S Taskinen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Taskinen S, Wikstrom S (1997) Effect of age at operation, location of testis and preoperative hormonal treatment on testicular growth after cryptorchidism. J Urol 158:471\u2013473","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-009-0406-0","volume":"27","author":"B Trsinar","year":"2009","unstructured":"Trsinar B, Muravec UR (2009) Fertility potential after unilateral and bilateral orchidopexy for cryptorchidism. World J Urol 27:513\u2013519","journal-title":"World J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)68040-6","volume":"162","author":"MT Coughlin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Coughlin MT, Bellinger MF, Lee PA (1999) Age at unilateral orchiopexy: effect on hormone levels and sperm count in adulthood. J Urol 162:986\u2013988","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00560-4","volume":"56","author":"DS Engeler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Engeler DS, H\u00f6sli PO, John H et al (2000) Early orchiopexy: prepubertal intratubular germ cell neoplasia and fertility outcome. Urology 56:144","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"3429_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06274-2","volume":"358","author":"F Hadziselimovic","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hadziselimovic F, Herzog B (2001) The importance of both an early orchidopexy and germ cell maturation for fertility. The Lancet 358:1156\u20131157","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"3429_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1997.t01-1-00301.x","volume":"80","author":"H Nagar","year":"1997","unstructured":"Nagar H, Haddad R (1997) Impact of early orchidopexy on testicular growth. Br J Urol 80:334\u2013335","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050034","volume":"30","author":"T Riebel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Riebel T, Herrmann C, Wit J et al (2000) Ultrasonographic late results after surgically treated cryptorchidism. Pediatr Radiol 30:151\u2013155","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"3429_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65241-X","volume":"167","author":"PA Lee","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lee PA, Coughlin MT (2002) Leydig cell function after cryptorchidism: evidence of the beneficial result of early surgery. J Urol 167:1824\u20131827","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00176596","volume":"7","author":"R Lala","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lala R, De Sanctis C, Canavese F et al (1992) Early medical and surgical treatment of cryptorchidism: clinical, anatomic, and histologic findings. Pediatr Surg Int 7:368\u2013371","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"3429_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2000.00662.x","volume":"85","author":"J Gracia","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gracia J, Sanchez Zalabardo J, Sanchez Garcia J et al (2000) Clinical, physical, sperm and hormonal data in 251 adults operated on for cryptorchidism in childhood. BJU Int 85:1100\u20131103","journal-title":"BJU Int"},{"key":"3429_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90067-0","volume":"332","author":"P Puri","year":"1988","unstructured":"Puri P, O\u2019Donnell B (1988) Semen analysis of patients who had orchidopexy at or after seven years of age. Lancet 332:1051\u20131052","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"3429_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1989.tb05290.x","volume":"64","author":"D Kumar","year":"1989","unstructured":"Kumar D, Bremner D, Brown P (1989) Fertility after orchiopexy for cryptorchidism: a new approach to assessment. Br J Urol 64:516\u2013520","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)65946-9","volume":"156","author":"S Taskinen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Taskinen S, Hovatta O, Wikstrom S (1996) Early treatment of cryptorchidism, semen quality and testicular endocrinology. J Urol 156:82\u201384","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1159\/000049959","volume":"55","author":"D Cortes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cortes D, Thorup M Jr, Visfeldt J (2001) Cryptorchidism: aspects of fertility and neoplasms. Horm Res Paedia 55:21\u201327","journal-title":"Horm Res Paedia"},{"key":"3429_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.166","volume":"178","author":"TJ Walsh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Walsh TJ, Dall\u2019Era MA, Croughan MS et al (2007) Prepubertal orchiopexy for cryptorchidism may be associated with lower risk of testicular cancer. Comment J Urol 178:1440\u20131446","journal-title":"Comment J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114877","volume":"127","author":"CH Strader","year":"1988","unstructured":"Strader CH, Weiss NS, Daling JR et al (1988) Cryptorchism, orchiopexy, and the risk of testicular cancer. Am J Epidemiol 127:1013\u20131018","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3429_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.308.6941.1393","volume":"308","author":"D Forman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Forman D, Pike M, Davey G et al (1994) Aetiology of testicular cancer: association with congenital abnormalities, age at puberty, infertility, and exercise. BMJ 308:1393\u20131399","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3429_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg012","volume":"157","author":"LJ Herrinton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Herrinton LJ, Zhao W, Husson G (2003) Management of cryptorchism and risk of testicular cancer. Am J Epidemiol 157:602\u2013605","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"3429_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00051302","volume":"7","author":"H M\u00f8ller","year":"1996","unstructured":"M\u00f8ller H, Prener A, Skakkebxk NE (1996) Testicular cancer, cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, testicular atrophy, and genital malformations: case-control studies in Denmark. Cancer Causes Control 7:264\u2013274","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"key":"3429_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)38071-0","volume":"146","author":"D Pinczowski","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pinczowski D, McLaughlin J, L\u00e4ckgren G et al (1991) Occurrence of testicular cancer in patients operated on for cryptorchidism and inguinal hernia. J Urol 146:1291","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.314.7093.1507","volume":"314","author":"A Swerdlow","year":"1997","unstructured":"Swerdlow A, Higgins C, Pike M (1997) Risk of testicular cancer in cohort of boys with cryptorchidism. BMJ 314:1507\u20131511","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3429_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000106100.21225.d7","volume":"171","author":"DL Wenzler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wenzler DL, Bloom DA, Park JM (2004) What is the rate of spontaneous testicular descent in infants with cryptorchidism? J Urol 171:849\u2013851","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-15484","volume":"11","author":"A Hamza","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hamza A, Elrahim M, Elnagar O et al (2001) Testicular descent: when to interfere? Eur J Pediatr Surg 11:173\u2013176","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"3429_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmm027","volume":"14","author":"H Virtanen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Virtanen H, Toppari J (2008) Epidemiology and pathogenesis of cryptorchidism. Hum Reprod Update 14:49\u201358","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"3429_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2006.00159.x","volume":"96","author":"EM Ritz\u00e9n","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ritz\u00e9n EM, Bergh A, Bjerknes R et al (2007) Nordic consensus on treatment of undescended testes. Acta Paediatr 96:638\u2013643 Oslo, Norway: 1992","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"3429_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0030-1248260","volume":"222","author":"A Springer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Springer A, Huber C, Reck C et al (2010) Delayed referral despite appropriate knowledge in cryptorchidism as a cause of delayed orchidopexies in Austria. Klinische P\u00e4diatrie 222:248\u2013251","journal-title":"Klinische P\u00e4diatrie"},{"key":"3429_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0747","volume":"126","author":"PJ Kokorowski","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kokorowski PJ, Routh JC, Graham DA et al (2010) Variations in timing of surgery among boys who underwent orchidopexy for cryptorchidism. Pediatrics 126:576\u2013582","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"3429_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70034-X","volume":"127","author":"RE Steckler","year":"1995","unstructured":"Steckler RE, Zaontz MR, Skoog SJ et al (1995) Cryptorchidism, pediatricians, and family practitioners: patterns of practice and referral. J Pediatr 127:948\u2013951","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"3429_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3109\/00365599.2010.549091","volume":"45","author":"J Thorup","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thorup J, Jensen C, Langballe O et al (2011) The challenge of early surgery for cryptorchidism. Scand J Urol Nephrol 45:184\u2013189","journal-title":"Scand J Urol Nephrol"},{"key":"3429_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1989.tb05325.x","volume":"64","author":"L Bujan","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bujan L, Mieusset R, Mansat A et al (1989) Testicular size in infertile men: relationship to semen characteristics and hormonal blood levels. Br J Urol 64:632\u2013637","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)44053-5","volume":"137","author":"H Takihara","year":"1987","unstructured":"Takihara H, Cosentino M, Sakatoku J et al (1987) Significance of testicular size measurement in andrology II. Correlation of testicular size with testicular function. J Urol 137:416","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1990.tb14906.x","volume":"66","author":"P Puri","year":"1990","unstructured":"Puri P, Sparnon A (1990) Relationship of primary site of testis to final testicular size in cryptorchid patients. Br J Urol 66:208\u2013210","journal-title":"Br J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.10.074","volume":"181","author":"HM Wood","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wood HM, Elder JS (2009) Cryptorchidism and testicular cancer: separating fact from fiction. J Urol 181:452\u2013461","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"3429_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(16)44633-5","volume":"68","author":"J Elder","year":"1988","unstructured":"Elder J (1988) The undescended testis. Hormonal and surgical management. Surg Clin North Am 68:983\u20131005","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Surgery International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3429-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3429-y\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3429-y","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T08:21:50Z","timestamp":1647073310000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3429-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,15]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["3429"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3429-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["0179-0358","1437-9813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0179-0358","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-9813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,15]]}}}