{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T20:45:47Z","timestamp":1789937147014,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004434","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Firenze","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004434","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Surg Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The purpose of the study is to evaluate results and outcomes in a long-time follow-up period, by performing a novel testicular fixation procedure, known as \u201cfat anchor orchidopexy\u201d (FAO), for the treatment of palpable low inguinal undescended testis.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent scrotal orchiopexy technique, from May 2013 to May 2019, at the Pediatric Surgery Division of Department of Surgical Pathology, University of Pisa (Italy). FAO (Spinelli\u2019s technique) consists in anchoring the testicles to sub-scrotal fat with a single trans-scrotal incision. All the patients enrolled had history of unilateral or bilateral undescended testis. Data collected included patient\u2019s age, operative times and complications.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 150 children with cryptorchidism were treated using a single trans-scrotal orchiopexy. Of them, 130 patients (86.7%) had unilateral undescended testis and 20 (13.3%) bilateral cryptorchidism. Mean patient\u2019s age was 21 months (range: 14\u201328 months). All the procedures were planned in a day-surgery setting. Trans-scrotal orchiopexy was successful in all cases and no patients required an additional groin incision. No intraoperatively and postoperatively major complications were observed. Patients\u2019 post-operative pain was mild (mean pediatric visual analog scale\u2009=\u20092). In all cases, the healing process was rapid and no surgical wounds infections were reported during the post-operative period, referring excellent cosmesis results. During a mean 48-month follow-up period, no testicular retraction, recurrence or testis atrophy was reported.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The original Spinelli\u2019s technique (FAO) proves to be a safe and effective method for the treatment of palpable or distal-to-external-inguinal-ring testes. No immediate and delayed post-surgery complications were reported. In all cases, the anchored testicle remained in the scrotal position with normal vascularization. This novel surgical technique could give better options for scrotal fixation in case of low-lying cryptorchid testes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-021-04919-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T18:02:37Z","timestamp":1620756157000},"page":"351-356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The fat anchor orchiopexy technique: results and outcomes from 150 cases surgical experience"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Spinelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Bertocchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7526-4025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianmartin","family":"Cito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Ghionzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Strambi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"4919_CR1","unstructured":"Kolon TF, Herndon DCA, Baker LA et al (2014) Evaluation and Treatment of Cryptorchidism: AUA Guideline 2014. 0022\u20135347\/14\/1922\u20130337\/0 The Journal of Urology"},{"key":"4919_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305225","volume":"99","author":"SA Nah","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nah SA, Yeo CS, How GY et al (2014) Undescended testis: 513 patient\u2019s characteristics, age at orchidopexy and patterns of referral. 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