{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T00:27:50Z","timestamp":1788827270203,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Surg Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The operative management of patients born with long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) remains a major challenge for most pediatric surgeons, due to the rarity and complex nature of this malformation. In LGEA, the distance between the proximal and distal esophageal end is too wide, making a primary anastomosis often impossible. Still, every effort should be made to preserve the native esophagus as no other conduit can replace its function in transporting food from the oral cavity to the stomach satisfactorily. In 1981, Puri et al. observed that in newborns with LGEA spontaneous growth and hypertrophy of the two segments occur at a rate faster than overall somatic growth in the absence of any form of mechanical stretching, traction or bouginage. They further noted that maximal natural growth arises in the first 8\u201312\u00a0weeks of life, stimulated by the swallowing reflex and reflux of gastric contents into the lower esophageal pouch. Since then, creation of an initial gastrostomy and continuous suction of the upper esophageal pouch followed by delayed primary anastomosis at approximately 3\u00a0months of age has been widely accepted as the preferred treatment option in most LGEA cases, generally providing good functional results. The current article offers a comprehensive update on the various aspects and challenges of this technique including initial preoperative management and subsequent gap assessment, while also discussing potential postoperative complications and long-term outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-022-05317-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T17:03:01Z","timestamp":1670518981000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Delayed primary anastomosis for repair of long-gap esophageal atresia: technique revisited"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7900-6004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Friedmacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"5317_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24219","volume":"244","author":"KK Billmyre","year":"2015","unstructured":"Billmyre KK, Hutson M, Klingensmith J (2015) One shall become two: separation of the esophagus and trachea from the common foregut tube. Dev Dyn 244:277\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dvdy.24219","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"5317_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00091","volume":"5","author":"S Perin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Perin S, McCann CJ, Borrelli O, De Coppi P, Thapar N (2017) Update on foregut molecular embryology and role of regenerative medicine therapies. Front Pediatr 5:91. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2017.00091","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"5317_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2020.0075","volume":"29","author":"S Raad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raad S, David A, Que J, Faure C (2020) Genetic mouse models and induced pluripotent stem cells for studying tracheal-esophageal separation and esophageal development. Stem Cells Dev 29:953\u2013966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/scd.2020.0075","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev"},{"key":"5317_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2021.05.015","volume":"477","author":"NA Edwards","year":"2021","unstructured":"Edwards NA, Shacham-Silverberg V, Weitz L, Kingma PS, Shen Y, Wells JM, Chung WK, Zorn AM (2021) Developmental basis of trachea-esophageal birth defects. Dev Biol 477:85\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ydbio.2021.05.015","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"5317_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23067","volume":"94","author":"N Nassar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nassar N, Leoncini E, Amar E, Arteaga-V\u00e1zquez J, Bakker MK, Bower C, Canfield MA, Castilla EE, Cocchi G, Correa A, Cs\u00e1ky-Szunyogh M, Feldkamp ML, Khoshnood B, Landau D, Lelong N, L\u00f3pez-Camelo JS, Lowry RB, McDonnell R, Merlob P, M\u00e9tneki J, Morgan M, Mutchinick OM, Palmer MN, Rissmann A, Siffel C, S\u00ecpek A, Szabova E, Tucker D, Mastroiacovo P (2012) Prevalence of esophageal atresia among 18 international birth defects surveillance programs. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 94:893\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdra.23067","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"5317_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300597","volume":"97","author":"RN Pedersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pedersen RN, Calzolari E, Husby S, Garne E, EUROCAT Working group (2012) Oesophageal atresia: prevalence, prenatal diagnosis and associated anomalies in 23 European regions. Arch Dis Child 97:227\u2013232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2011-300597","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"5317_CR7","first-page":"216","volume":"6","author":"PB Manning","year":"1994","unstructured":"Manning PB (1994) Long-gap esophageal atresia. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 6:216\u2013220","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1562926","volume":"25","author":"D von Allmen","year":"2015","unstructured":"von Allmen D, Wijnen RM (2015) Bridging the gap in the repair of long-gap esophageal atresia: still questions on diagnostics and treatment. Eur J Pediatr Surg 25:312\u2013317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1562926","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2017.00063","volume":"5","author":"DC van der Zee","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Zee DC, Bagolan P, Faure C, Gottrand F, Jennings R, Laberge JM, Martinez Ferro MH, Parmentier B, Sfeir R, Teague W (2017) Position paper of INoEA working group on long-gap esophageal atresia: for better care. Front Pediatr 5:63. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2017.00063","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"5317_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/dote\/doy044","author":"A Koivusalo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Koivusalo A, Suominen J, Rintala R, Pakarinen M (2018) Location of TEF at the carina as an indicator of long-gap C-type esophageal atresia. Dis Esophagus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dote\/doy044","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"5317_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.12.019","volume":"54","author":"R Baird","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baird R, Lal DR, Ricca RL, Diefenbach KA, Downard CD, Shelton J, S\u00f8mme S, Grabowski J, Oyetunji TA, Williams RF, Jancelewicz T, Dasgupta R, Arthur LG, Kawaguchi AL, Guner YS, Gosain A, Gates RL, Sola JE, Kelley-Quon LI, St Peter SD, Goldin A (2019) Management of long gap esophageal atresia: a systematic review and evidence-based guidelines from the APSA outcomes and evidence based practice committee. J Pediatr Surg 54:675\u2013687. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2018.12.019","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713932","volume":"31","author":"C Dingemann","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dingemann C, Eaton S, Aksnes G, Bagolan P, Cross KM, De Coppi P, Fruithof J, Gamba P, Goldschmidt I, Gottrand F, Pirr S, Rasmussen L, Sfeir R, Slater G, Suominen J, Svensson JF, Thorup JM, Tytgat SHAJ, van der Zee DC, Wessel L, Widenmann-Grolig A, Wijnen R, Zetterquist W, Ure BM (2021) ERNICA Consensus conference on the management of patients with long-gap esophageal atresia: perioperative, surgical, and long-term management. Eur J Pediatr Surg 31:214\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0040-1713932","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12050","volume":"26","author":"P Bagolan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bagolan P, Valfr\u00e8 L, Morini F, Conforti A (2013) Long-gap esophageal atresia: traction-growth and anastomosis\u2014before and beyond. Dis Esophagus 26:372\u2013379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/dote.12050","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"key":"5317_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.09.006","volume":"23","author":"A Conforti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Conforti A, Morini F, Bagolan P (2014) Difficult esophageal atresia: trick and treat. Semin Pediatr Surg 23:261\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.09.006","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-012-3142-2","volume":"28","author":"F Friedmacher","year":"2012","unstructured":"Friedmacher F, Puri P (2012) Delayed primary anastomosis for management of long-gap esophageal atresia: a meta-analysis of complications and long-term outcome. Pediatr Surg Int 28:899\u2013906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-012-3142-2","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-317959","volume":"105","author":"L Tullie","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tullie L, Hall NJ, Burge DM, Howe DT, Drewett M, Wellesley D (2020) Prognostic value of prenatally detected small or absent fetal stomach with particular reference to oesophageal atresia. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 105:341\u2013342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2019-317959","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"5317_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2021-321836","volume":"107","author":"T Weissbach","year":"2022","unstructured":"Weissbach T, Kushnir A, Haber Kaptsenel E, Leibovitch L, Bilik R, Shinhar D, Karplus G, Achiron R, Kivilevitch Z, Barzilay E, Mazaki Tovi S, Weisz B, Kassif E (2022) Oesophageal atresia: sonographic signs may prenatally predict surgical complexity. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 107:206\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2021-321836","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"5317_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM194405252302101","volume":"230","author":"WE Ladd","year":"1944","unstructured":"Ladd WE (1944) The surgical treatment of esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistulas. New Engl J Med 230:625\u2013637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM194405252302101","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"5317_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2020.03.003","volume":"55","author":"DK Nakayama","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nakayama DK (2020) The history of surgery for esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 55:1414\u20131419. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2020.03.003","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR20","first-page":"672","volume":"76","author":"C Haight","year":"1943","unstructured":"Haight C, Towsley HA (1943) Congenital atresia of esophagus with tracheoesophageal fistula: extrapleural ligation and end-to-end anastomosis of esophageal segments. Surg Gynecol Obstet 76:672\u2013688","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"5317_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-194410000-00018","volume":"120","author":"C Haight","year":"1944","unstructured":"Haight C (1944) Congenital atresia of the esophagus with tracheoesophageal fistula: reconstruction of esophageal continuity by primary anastomosis. Ann Surg 120:623\u2013652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00000658-194410000-00018","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23493","volume":"106","author":"M Cassina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cassina M, Ruol M, Pertile R, Midrio P, Piffer S, Vicenzi V, Saugo M, Stocco CF, Gamba P, Clementi M (2016) Prevalence, characteristics, and survival of children with esophageal atresia: a 32-year population-based study including 1,417,724 consecutive newborns. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol 106:542\u2013548. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdra.23493","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"5317_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.03.010","volume":"51","author":"F Donoso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Donoso F, Kassa AM, Gustafson E, Meurling S, Lilja HE (2016) Outcome and management in infants with esophageal atresia\u2014a single centre observational study. J Pediatr Surg 51:1421\u20131425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.03.010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-004-1163-1","volume":"20","author":"J Orford","year":"2004","unstructured":"Orford J, Cass DT, Glasson MJ (2004) Advances in the treatment of oesophageal atresia over three decades: the 1970s and the 1990s. Pediatr Surg Int 20:402\u2013407. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-004-1163-1","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1551567","volume":"26","author":"G Malakounides","year":"2016","unstructured":"Malakounides G, Lyon P, Cross K, Pierro A, De Coppi P, Drake D, Kiely E, Spitz L, Curry J (2016) Esophageal atresia: improved outcome in high-risk groups revisited. Eur J Pediatr Surg 26:227\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0035-1551567","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F381","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.086157","volume":"91","author":"A Goyal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Goyal A, Jones MO, Couriel JM, Losty PD (2006) Oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 91:F381-384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2005.086157","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"5317_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.3.364","volume":"64","author":"S Chittmittrapap","year":"1989","unstructured":"Chittmittrapap S, Spitz L, Kiely EM, Brereton RJ (1989) Oesophageal atresia and associated anomalies. Arch Dis Child 64:364\u2013368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.64.3.364","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"5317_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00183907","volume":"7","author":"NA Myers","year":"1992","unstructured":"Myers NA (1992) Oesophageal atresia. Pediatr Surg Int 7:83\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00183907","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2008.10.009","volume":"18","author":"O Ron","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ron O, De Coppi P, Pierro A (2009) The surgical approach to esophageal atresia repair and the management of long-gap atresia: results of a survey. Semin Pediatr Surg 18:44\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2008.10.009","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.008","volume":"44","author":"AJ Holland","year":"2009","unstructured":"Holland AJ, Ron O, Pierro A, Drake D, Curry JI, Kiely EM, Spitz L (2009) Surgical outcomes of esophageal atresia without fistula for 24 years at a single institution. J Pediatr Surg 44:1928\u20131932. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-015-3821-x","volume":"32","author":"A Zani","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zani A, Cobellis G, Wolinska J, Chiu PP, Pierro A (2016) Preservation of native esophagus in infants with pure esophageal atresia has good long-term outcomes despite significant postoperative morbidity. Pediatr Surg Int 32:113\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-015-3821-x","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR32","first-page":"277","volume":"54","author":"NA Myers","year":"1974","unstructured":"Myers NA (1974) Oesophageal atresia: the epitome of modern surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 54:277\u2013287","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"5317_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1350058","volume":"24","author":"A Zani","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zani A, Eaton S, Hoellwarth ME, Puri P, Tovar J, Fasching G, Bagolan P, Lukac M, Wijnen R, Kuebler JF, Cecchetto G, Rintala R, Pierro A (2014) International survey on the management of esophageal atresia. Eur J Pediatr Surg 24:3\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0033-1350058","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.5555\/uri:pii:0039606065900711","volume":"58","author":"R Howard","year":"1965","unstructured":"Howard R, Myers NA (1965) Esophageal atresia: a technique for elongating the upper pouch. Surgery 58:725\u2013727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5555\/uri:pii:0039606065900711","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"5317_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(66)80124-0","volume":"1","author":"DJ Lafer","year":"1966","unstructured":"Lafer DJ, Boley SJ (1966) Primary repair in esophageal atresia with elongation of the lower segment. J Pediatr Surg 1:585\u2013587. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(66)80124-0","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(71)90856-6","volume":"6","author":"F Rehbein","year":"1971","unstructured":"Rehbein F, Schweder N (1971) Reconstruction of the esophagus without colon transplantation in cases of atresia. J Pediatr Surg 6:746\u2013752. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(71)90856-6","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR37","first-page":"661","volume":"71","author":"BH Thomasson","year":"1972","unstructured":"Thomasson BH (1972) Congenital esophageal atresia: mercury bag stretching of the upper pouch in a patient without tracheoesophageal fistula. Surgery 71:661\u2013663","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"5317_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.3109\/14017437209134801","volume":"6","author":"A Livaditis","year":"1972","unstructured":"Livaditis A, R\u00e5dberg L, Odensj\u00f6 G (1972) Esophageal end-to-end anastomosis. Reduction of anastomotic tension by circular myotomy. Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 6:206\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14017437209134801","journal-title":"Scand J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(74)90104-3","volume":"9","author":"AD Shafer","year":"1974","unstructured":"Shafer AD, David TE (1974) Suture fistula as a means of connecting upper and lower segments in esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 9:669\u2013673. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(74)90104-3","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197508282930905","volume":"293","author":"WH Hendren","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hendren WH, Hale JR (1975) Electromagnetic bougienage to lengthen esophageal segments in congenital esophageal atresia. N Engl J Med 293:428\u2013432. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJM197508282930905","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"5317_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(80)80143-6","volume":"15","author":"MH Gough","year":"1980","unstructured":"Gough MH (1980) Esophageal atresia\u2013use of an anterior flap in the difficult anastomosis. J Pediatr Surg 15:310\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(80)80143-6","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(81)80347-8","volume":"16","author":"P Puri","year":"1981","unstructured":"Puri P, Blake N, O\u2019Donnell B, Guiney EJ (1981) Delayed primary anastomosis following spontaneous growth of esophageal segments in esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 16:180\u2013183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(81)80347-8","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(92)90573-p","volume":"27","author":"P Puri","year":"1992","unstructured":"Puri P, Ninan GK, Blake NS, Fitzgerald RJ, Guiney EJ, O\u2019Donnell B (1992) Delayed primary anastomosis for esophageal atresia: 18 months\u2019 to 11 years\u2019 follow-up. J Pediatr Surg 27:1127\u20131130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(92)90573-p","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(94)90548-7","volume":"57","author":"EM Boyle Jr","year":"1994","unstructured":"Boyle EM Jr, Irwin ED, Foker JE (1994) Primary repair of ultra-long-gap esophageal atresia: results without a lengthening procedure. Ann Thorac Surg 57:576\u2013579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0003-4975(94)90548-7","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0077-0","volume":"5","author":"M van Lennep","year":"2019","unstructured":"van Lennep M, Singendonk MMJ, Dall\u2019Oglio L, Gottrand F, Krishnan U, Terheggen-Lagro SWJ, Omari TI, Benninga MA, van Wijk MP (2019) Oesophageal atresia. Nat Rev Dis Primers 5:26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-019-0077-0","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"5317_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050395","volume":"13","author":"C Rossi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Rossi C, D\u00f2mini M, Aquino A, Persico A, Lelli Chiesa P (1998) A simple and safe method to visualize the inferior pouch in esophageal atresia without fistula. Pediatr Surg Int 13:535\u2013536. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s003830050395","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830050633","volume":"15","author":"SW Beasley","year":"1999","unstructured":"Beasley SW, Myers NA, Auldist AW (1999) Visualisation of the inferior pouch in oesophageal atresia without fistula. Pediatr Surg Int 15:451. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s003830050633","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/s1055-8586(98)70027-7","volume":"7","author":"P Puri","year":"1998","unstructured":"Puri P, Khurana S (1998) Delayed primary esophageal anastomosis for pure esophageal atresia. Semin Pediatr Surg 7:126\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1055-8586(98)70027-7","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1066070","volume":"4","author":"PE Caffarena","year":"1994","unstructured":"Caffarena PE, Mattioli G, Bisio G, Martucciello G, Ivani G, Jasonni V (1994) Long-gap oesophageal atresia: a combined endoscopic and radiologic evaluation. Eur J Pediatr Surg 4:67\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2008-1066070","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90686-x","volume":"30","author":"KL Chan","year":"1995","unstructured":"Chan KL, Saing H (1995) Combined flexible endoscopy and fluoroscopy in the assessment of the gap between the two esophageal pouches in esophageal atresia without fistula. J Pediatr Surg 30:668\u2013670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90686-x","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"5317_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-010-2731-1","volume":"26","author":"ER Gross","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gross ER, Reichstein A, Gander JW, Stolar CJ, Coran AG, Cowles RA (2010) The role of fiberoptic endoscopy in the evaluation and management of long gap isolated esophageal atresia. Pediatr Surg Int 26(12):1223\u20131227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-010-2731-1","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"5317_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02386600","volume":"17","author":"PK Tam","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tam PK, Chan FL, Saing H (1987) Diagnosis and evaluation of esophageal atresia by direct sagittal CT. Pediatr Radiol 17(1):68\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF02386600","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"5317_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-004-1293-5","volume":"20","author":"SK Ratan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ratan SK, Varshney A, Mullick S, Saxena NC, Kakkar S, Sodhi PK (2004) Evaluation of neonates with esophageal atresia using chest CT scan. Pediatr Surg Int 20:757\u2013761. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-004-1293-5","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/jpsu.2003.50188","volume":"38","author":"D Aziz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Aziz D, Schiller D, Gerstle JT, Ein SH, Langer JC (2003) Can \u2018long-gap\u2019 esophageal atresia be safely managed at home while awaiting anastomosis? J Pediatr Surg 38:705\u2013708. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/jpsu.2003.50188","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(93)90151-a","volume":"28","author":"SH Ein","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ein SH, Shandling B, Heiss K (1993) Pure esophageal atresia: outlook in the 1990s. J Pediatr Surg 28:1147\u20131150. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(93)90151-a","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-007-1925-7","volume":"23","author":"T Sri Paran","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sri Paran T, Decaluwe D, Corbally M, Puri P (2007) Long-term results of delayed primary anastomosis for pure oesophageal atresia: a 27-year follow up. Pediatr Surg Int 23:647\u2013651. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-007-1925-7","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR57","first-page":"173","volume":"10","author":"MC Rosinha","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rosinha MC, Silva JC, Monteiro J, Souto A, Monteiro B (1997) Delayed primary anastomosis for esophageal atresia without fistula. 10 years\u2019 experience. Acta Med Port 10:173\u2013177","journal-title":"Acta Med Port"},{"key":"5317_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-11202-7_21","volume-title":"Esophageal and gastric disorders in infancy and childhood","author":"P Puri","year":"2017","unstructured":"Puri P, Friedmacher F (2017) Delayed primary anastomosis in the management of long-gap esophageal atresia. In: Till H, Thomson M, Foker J, Holcomb G III, Khan K (eds) Esophageal and gastric disorders in infancy and childhood. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 221\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-11202-7_21"},{"key":"5317_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1234117","volume":"20","author":"SH Yeh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yeh SH, Ni YH, Hsu WM, Chen HL, Wu JF, Chang MH (2010) Use of retrograde esophagoscopy in delayed primary esophageal anastomosis for isolated esophageal atresia. Eur J Pediatr Surg 20:40\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0029-1234117","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(87)80012-x","volume":"22","author":"CG Howell","year":"1987","unstructured":"Howell CG, Davis JB Jr, Parrish RA (1987) Primary repair of esophageal atresia: how long a gap? J Pediatr Surg 22:42\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(87)80012-x","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-017-3423-0","volume":"21","author":"F Friedmacher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Friedmacher F, Kroneis B, Huber-Zeyringer A, Schober P, Till H, Sauer H, H\u00f6llwarth ME (2017) Postoperative complications and functional outcome after esophageal atresia repair: results from longitudinal single-center follow-up. J Gastrointest Surg 21:927\u2013935. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11605-017-3423-0","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1089\/pei.1999.3.141","volume":"3","author":"TE Lobe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lobe TE, Rothenberg S, Waldschmidt J, Stroedter L (1999) Thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia in an infant: a surgical first. Pediatr Endosurg Innov Tech 3:141\u2013148. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pei.1999.3.141","journal-title":"Pediatr Endosurg Innov Tech"},{"key":"5317_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1075588","volume":"42","author":"H Lindahl","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lindahl H, Rintala R, Louhimo I (1987) Oesophageal anastomosis without bougienage in isolated atresia\u2014do the segments really grow while waiting? Z Kinderchir 42:221\u2013223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2008-1075588","journal-title":"Z Kinderchir"},{"key":"5317_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1063406","volume":"2","author":"S Cavallaro","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cavallaro S, Pineschi A, Freni G, Cortese MG, Bardini T (1992) Feeding troubles following delayed primary repair of esophageal atresia. Eur J Pediatr Surg 2:73\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2008-1063406","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00176100","volume":"9","author":"MN de la Hunt","year":"1994","unstructured":"de la Hunt MN, Fleet MS, Wagget J (1994) Delayed primary anastomosis for wide-defect esophageal atresia: a 17-year experience. Pediatr Surg Int 9:21\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00176100","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR66","first-page":"658","volume":"116","author":"FJ Rescorla","year":"1994","unstructured":"Rescorla FJ, West KW, Scherer LR 3rd, Grosfeld JL (1994) The complex nature of type a (long-gap) esophageal atresia. Surgery 116:658\u2013664","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"5317_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.133.5.552","volume":"133","author":"PJ Healey","year":"1998","unstructured":"Healey PJ, Sawin RS, Hall DG, Schaller RT, Tapper D (1998) Delayed primary repair of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula: is it worth the wait? Arch Surg 133:552\u2013556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archsurg.133.5.552","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR68","first-page":"385","volume":"78","author":"V Buonuomo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Buonuomo V, Nanni L, Canali R, Pintus C (2007) Esophageal atresia. Personal experience and review of the literature. Ann Ital Chir 78:385\u2013388","journal-title":"Ann Ital Chir"},{"key":"5317_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpsur.2019.09.001","volume":"37","author":"SW Beasley","year":"2019","unstructured":"Beasley SW (2019) Oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Surg (Oxford) 37:623\u2013627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mpsur.2019.09.001","journal-title":"Surg (Oxford)"},{"key":"5317_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-24","volume":"2","author":"L Spitz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Spitz L (2007) Oesophageal atresia. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2:24. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1750-1172-2-24","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"5317_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)37598-1","volume":"81","author":"LM Hicks","year":"1981","unstructured":"Hicks LM, Mansfield PB (1981) Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula. Review of thirteen years\u2019 experience. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 81:358\u2013363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)37598-1","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR72","first-page":"109","volume":"24","author":"AL Bensoussan","year":"1983","unstructured":"Bensoussan AL, Letourneau JN, Blanchard H (1983) Cure of esophageal atresia types 1 and 2. Deferred primary anastomosis. Apropos of 6 cases. Chir Pediatr 24:109\u2013112","journal-title":"Chir Pediatr"},{"key":"5317_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)38878-6","volume":"85","author":"AD Santos","year":"1983","unstructured":"Santos AD, Thompson TR, Johnson DE, Foker JE (1983) Correction of esophageal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 85:229\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)38878-6","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(84)80178-5","volume":"19","author":"T Ito","year":"1984","unstructured":"Ito T, Sugito T, Nagaya M (1984) Delayed primary anastomosis in poor-risk patients with esophageal atresia associated with tracheoesophageal fistula. J Pediatr Surg 19:243\u2013247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(84)80178-5","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70777-3_8","volume":"19","author":"S Hagberg","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hagberg S, Rubenson A, Sill\u00e9n U, Werkm\u00e4ster K (1986) Management of long-gap esophagus: experience with end-to-end anastomosis under maximal tension. Prog Pediatr Surg 19:88\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-70777-3_8","journal-title":"Prog Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(87)80213-0","volume":"22","author":"WE Wise Jr","year":"1987","unstructured":"Wise WE Jr, Caniano DA, Harmel RP Jr (1987) Tracheoesophageal anomalies in Waterston C neonates: a 30-year perspective. J Pediatr Surg 22:526\u2013529. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(87)80213-0","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.02.001","volume":"195","author":"NR Golonka","year":"2008","unstructured":"Golonka NR, Hayashi AH (2008) Early \u201csham\u201d feeding of neonates promotes oral feeding after delayed primary repair of major congenital esophageal anomalies. Am J Surg 195:659\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.02.001","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.02.004","volume":"45","author":"S Burjonrappa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Burjonrappa S, Thiboutot E, Castilloux J, St-Vil D (2010) Type A esophageal atresia: a critical review of management strategies at a single center. J Pediatr Surg 45:865\u2013871. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.02.004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1987.01400160047005","volume":"122","author":"DW Hight","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hight DW, McGowan G, Smith J, Kent G, Alexander F (1987) Atresia of the esophagus. New trends in the management of high-risk neonates. Arch Surg 122:421\u2013423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archsurg.1987.01400160047005","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00179574","volume":"2","author":"NA Myers","year":"1987","unstructured":"Myers NA, Beasley SW, Auldist AW, Kent M, Wright V, Chetcuti P (1987) Oesophageal atresia without fistula\u2014anastomosis or replacement? Pediatr Surg Int 2:216\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00179574","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5317_CR81","first-page":"166","volume":"40","author":"P Gurskas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Gurskas P, Ivanauskas A (2004) Delayed primary anastomosis for esophageal atresia. Medicina (Kaunas) 40:166\u2013169","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"5317_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.03.048","volume":"39","author":"P Bagolan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bagolan P, Bd IB, De Angelis P, di Abriola GF, Laviani R, Trucchi A, Orzalesi M, Dall\u2019Oglio L (2004) Long gap esophageal atresia and esophageal replacement: moving toward a separation? J Pediatr Surg 39:1084\u20131090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.03.048","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2020.01.020","volume":"251","author":"AR Jensen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jensen AR, McDuffie LA, Groh EM, Rescorla FJ (2020) Outcomes for correction of long-gap esophageal atresia: a 22-year experience. J Surg Res 251:47\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2020.01.020","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"5317_CR84","first-page":"39","volume":"19","author":"M Ruiz de Temi\u00f1o","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruiz de Temi\u00f1o M, Esteban JA, El\u00edas J, Gonz\u00e1lez N, Gracia J, Romeo M, Escart\u00edn R, Burgu\u00e9s P, Sainz A, Pueyo C (2006) Esophageal atresia type I. Is impossible possible? Cir Pediatr 19:39\u201345","journal-title":"Cir Pediatr"},{"key":"5317_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(74)80292-7","volume":"9","author":"R Pieretti","year":"1974","unstructured":"Pieretti R, Shandling B, Stephens CA (1974) Resistant esophageal stenosis associated with reflux after repair of esophageal atresia: a therapeutic approach. J Pediatr Surg 9:355\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(74)80292-7","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.06.007","volume":"40","author":"E S\u00e9guier-Lipszyc","year":"2005","unstructured":"S\u00e9guier-Lipszyc E, Bonnard A, Aizenfisz S, Enezian G, Maintenant J, Aigrain Y, de Lagausie P (2005) The management of long gap esophageal atresia. J Pediatr Surg 40:1542\u20131546. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.06.007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.06.017","volume":"54","author":"T Stadil","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stadil T, Koivusalo A, Svensson JF, J\u00f6nsson L, Lilja HE, Thorup JM, S\u00e6ter T, Stenstr\u00f6m P, Qvist N (2019) Surgical treatment and major complications within the first year of life in newborns with long-gap esophageal atresia gross type A and B\u2014a systematic review. J Pediatr Surg 54:2242\u20132249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.06.017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.11.068","volume":"49","author":"C Dingemann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dingemann C, Meyer A, Kircher G, Boemers TM, Vaske B, Till H, Ure BM (2014) Long-term health-related quality of life after complex and\/or complicated esophageal atresia in adults and children registered in a German patient support group. J Pediatr Surg 49:631\u2013638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.11.068","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.09.017","volume":"49","author":"HQ Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee HQ, Hawley A, Doak J, Nightingale MG, Hutson JM (2014) Long-gap oesophageal atresia: comparison of delayed primary anastomosis and oesophageal replacement with gastric tube. J Pediatr Surg 49:1762\u20131766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.09.017","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-9261.182580","volume":"21","author":"G Soccorso","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soccorso G, Parikh DH (2016) Esophageal replacement in children: challenges and long-term outcomes. J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg 21:98\u2013105. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0971-9261.182580","journal-title":"J Indian Assoc Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5317_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6942","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000006942","volume":"96","author":"J Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu J, Yang Y, Zheng C, Dong R, Zheng S (2017) Surgical outcomes of different approaches to esophageal replacement in long-gap esophageal atresia: a systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 96:e6942. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000006942","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"5317_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.04.003","volume":"23","author":"P Maghsoudlou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maghsoudlou P, Eaton S, De Coppi P (2014) Tissue engineering of the esophagus. Semin Pediatr Surg 23:127\u2013134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2014.04.003","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Surgery International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00383-022-05317-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00383-022-05317-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00383-022-05317-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T18:09:10Z","timestamp":1702577350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00383-022-05317-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-022-05317-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-9813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-9813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 November 2022","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2022","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The author has no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"40"}}