{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T06:44:11Z","timestamp":1794293051014,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682553600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]],"date-time":"2023-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universit\u00e4t, Frankfurt am Main"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Surg Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells of gastrointestinal motility that generate and transmit electrical slow waves to smooth muscle cells in the gut wall, thus inducing phasic contractions and coordinated peristalsis. Traditionally, tyrosine-protein kinase Kit (c-kit), also known as CD117 or mast\/stem cell growth factor receptor, has been used as the primary marker of ICCs in pathology specimens. More recently, the Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -activated chloride channel, anoctamin-1, has been introduced as a more specific marker of ICCs. Over the years, various gastrointestinal motility disorders have been described in infants and young children in which symptoms of functional bowel obstruction arise from ICC-related neuromuscular dysfunction of the colon and rectum. The current article provides a comprehensive overview of the embryonic origin, distribution, and functions of ICCs, while also illustrating the absence or deficiency of ICCs in pediatric patients with Hirschsprung disease intestinal neuronal dysplasia, isolated hypoganglionosis, internal anal sphincter achalasia, and congenital smooth muscle cell disorders such as megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-023-05467-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T22:02:33Z","timestamp":1682546553000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Interstitial cells of Cajal: clinical relevance in pediatric gastrointestinal motility disorders"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7900-6004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Friedmacher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1268-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Udo","family":"Rolle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"5467_CR1","first-page":"217","volume":"45","author":"RS Cajal","year":"1893","unstructured":"Cajal RS (1893) Sur les ganglions et plexus nerveux de I\u2019intestin. CR Soc Biol (Paris) 45:217\u2013223","journal-title":"CR Soc Biol (Paris)"},{"key":"5467_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1159\/000146000","volume":"122","author":"MS Faussone Pellegrini","year":"1985","unstructured":"Faussone Pellegrini MS (1985) Ultrastructural peculiarities of the inner portion of the circular layer of the colon. II. Research on the mouse. Acta Anat (Basel) 122:187\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000146000","journal-title":"Acta Anat (Basel)"},{"key":"5467_CR3","first-page":"413","volume":"7","author":"J Taxi","year":"1965","unstructured":"Taxi J (1965) Contribution \u00e1 l\u2019\u00e9tude des connexions des neurones moteurs du systeme nerveux sutonome. Ann Sci Nat Zool Biol Anim 7:413\u2013674","journal-title":"Ann Sci Nat Zool Biol Anim"},{"key":"5467_CR4","first-page":"281","volume":"41","author":"J Taxi","year":"1952","unstructured":"Taxi J (1952) Cellules de Schwann et \u201ccellules interstitielles de Cajal\u201d au niveau des plexus nerveux de la muscleuse intestinale du Cobaye: retour aux definitions. Arch Anat Micrsc Morphol Exp 41:281\u2013304","journal-title":"Arch Anat Micrsc Morphol Exp"},{"key":"5467_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-68417-3_1","volume":"71","author":"L Thuneberg","year":"1982","unstructured":"Thuneberg L (1982) Interstitial cells of Cajal: intestinal pacemaker cells? Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 71:1\u2013130","journal-title":"Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol"},{"key":"5467_CR6","first-page":"769","volume":"11","author":"T Komuro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Komuro T, Tokui K, Zhou DS (1996) Identification of interstitial cells of Cajal. Histol Histopathol 11:769\u2013786","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"issue":"373","key":"5467_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/373347a0","volume":"26","author":"JD Huizinga","year":"1995","unstructured":"Huizinga JD, Thuneberg L, Kl\u00fcppel M, Malysz J, Mikkelsen HB, Bernstein A (1995) W\/kit gene required for interstitial cells of Cajal and for intestinal pacemaker activity. Nature 26(373):347\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/373347a0","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"5467_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-013-0363-z","volume":"16","author":"JD Huizinga","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huizinga JD, Chen JH (2014) Interstitial cells of Cajal: update on basic and clinical science. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 16:363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11894-013-0363-z","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"5467_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S103","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31812e65e0","volume":"45","author":"AJ Burns","year":"2007","unstructured":"Burns AJ (2007) Disorders of interstitial cells of Cajal. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 45:S103-106. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31812e65e0","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"5467_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s004180050218","volume":"109","author":"P R\u00f8mert","year":"1998","unstructured":"R\u00f8mert P, Mikkelsen HB (1998) c-kit immunoreactive interstitial cells of Cajal in the human small and large intestine. Histochem Cell Biol 109:195\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004180050218","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"5467_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e55890","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0055890","volume":"8","author":"R Carmona","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carmona R, Cano E, Mattiotti A, Gaztambide J, Mu\u00f1oz-Ch\u00e1puli R (2013) Cells derived from the coelomic epithelium contribute to multiple gastrointestinal tissues in mouse embryos. PLoS\u00a0One 8:e55890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0055890","journal-title":"PLoS\u00a0One"},{"key":"5467_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.058248","volume":"97","author":"KM Sanders","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sanders KM, Zhu MH, Britton F, Koh SD, Ward SM (2012) Anoctamins and gastrointestinal smooth muscle excitability. Exp Physiol 97:200\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.058248","journal-title":"Exp Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G1370","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00074.2009","volume":"296","author":"PJ Gomez-Pinilla","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gomez-Pinilla PJ, Gibbons SJ, Bardsley MR, Lorincz A, Pozo MJ, Pasricha PJ, Van de Rijn M, West RB, Sarr MG, Kendrick ML, Cima RR, Dozois EJ, Larson DW, Ordog T, Farrugia G (2009) Ano1 is a selective marker of interstitial cells of Cajal in the human and mouse gastrointestinal tract. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296:G1370-1381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00074.2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-1838(98)00174-x","volume":"75","author":"S Torihashi","year":"1999","unstructured":"Torihashi S, Horisawa M, Watanabe Y (1999) c-kit immunoreactive interstitial cells in the human gastrointestinal tract. J Auton Nerv Syst 75:38\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-1838(98)00174-x","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5467_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-1838(98)00038-1","volume":"73","author":"R Hagger","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hagger R, Gharaie S, Finlayson C, Kumar D (1998) Distribution of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the human anorectum. J Auton Nerv Syst 73:75\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-1838(98)00038-1","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5467_CR16","first-page":"187","volume":"17","author":"MS Faussone-Pellegrini","year":"1985","unstructured":"Faussone-Pellegrini MS, Cortesini C (1985) Ultrastructural features and localization of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the smooth muscle coat of human esophagus. J Submicrosc Cytol 17:187\u2013197","journal-title":"J Submicrosc Cytol"},{"key":"5467_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000281999.56102.b5","volume":"69","author":"EE Benarroch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Benarroch EE (2007) Enteric nervous system: functional organization and neurologic implications. Neurology 69:1953\u20131957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/01.wnl.0000281999.56102.b5","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"5467_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e418","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12140","volume":"25","author":"CJ McCann","year":"2013","unstructured":"McCann CJ, Hwang SJ, Bayguinov Y, Colletti EJ, Sanders KM, Ward SM (2013) Establishment of pacemaker activity in tissues allotransplanted with interstitial cells of Cajal. Neurogastroenterol Motil 25:e418-428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.12140","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"5467_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199801)211:1<60::AID-AJA6>3.0.CO;2-5","volume":"211","author":"M Kl\u00fcppel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kl\u00fcppel M, Huizinga JD, Malysz J, Bernstein A (1998) Developmental origin and Kit-dependent development of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the mammalian small intestine. Dev Dyn 211:60\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199801)211:1%3c60::AID-AJA6%3e3.0.CO;2-5","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"5467_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(97)70229-4","volume":"112","author":"S Torihashi","year":"1997","unstructured":"Torihashi S, Ward SM, Sanders KM (1997) Development of c-kit-positive cells and the onset of electrical rhythmicity in murine small intestine. Gastroenterology 112:144\u2013155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0016-5085(97)70229-4","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.122.3.725","volume":"122","author":"L Lecoin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lecoin L, Gabella G, Le Douarin N (1996) Origin of the c-kit-positive interstitial cells in the avian bowel. Development 122:725\u2013733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.122.3.725","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"5467_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1996.0287","volume":"180","author":"HM Young","year":"1996","unstructured":"Young HM, Ciampoli D, Southwell BR, Newgreen DF (1996) Origin of interstitial cells of Cajal in the mouse intestine. Dev Biol 180:97\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/dbio.1996.0287","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"5467_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20929","volume":"236","author":"EA Beckett","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beckett EA, Ro S, Bayguinov Y, Sanders KM, Ward SM (2007) Kit signaling is essential for development and maintenance of interstitial cells of Cajal and electrical rhythmicity in the embryonic gastrointestinal tract. Dev Dyn 236:60\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dvdy.20929","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"issue":"8","key":"5467_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(99)90160-4","volume":"34","author":"SE Kenny","year":"1999","unstructured":"Kenny SE, Connell G, Woodward MN, Lloyd DA, Gosden CM, Edgar DH, Vaillant C (1999) Ontogeny of interstitial cells of Cajal in the human intestine. J Pediatr Surg 34(8):1241\u20131247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(99)90160-4","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(99)70451-8","volume":"117","author":"SM Ward","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ward SM, Ord\u00f6g T, Bayguinov JR, Horowitz B, Epperson A, Shen L, Westphal H, Sanders KM (1999) Development of interstitial cells of Cajal and pacemaking in mice lacking enteric nerves. Gastroenterology 117:584\u2013594. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0016-5085(99)70451-8","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.44.1.65","volume":"44","author":"T Wester","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wester T, Eriksson L, Olsson Y, Olsen L (1999) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the human fetal small bowel as shown by c-kit immunohistochemistry. Gut 44:65\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.44.1.65","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"5467_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01590.x","volume":"23","author":"PJ Gomez-Pinilla","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gomez-Pinilla PJ, Gibbons SJ, Sarr MG, Kendrick ML, Shen KR, Cima RR, Dozois EJ, Larson DW, Ordog T, Pozo MJ, Farrugia G (2011) Changes in interstitial cells of cajal with age in the human stomach and colon. Neurogastroenterol Motil 23:36\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01590.x","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol Motil"},{"key":"5467_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)53737-X","volume":"186","author":"A Keith","year":"1915","unstructured":"Keith A (1915) The Cabendish lecture: on a new theory of the causation of enterostasis. Lancet 186:371\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)53737-X","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"5467_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc1950.40.171","volume":"40","author":"M Yamamoto","year":"1977","unstructured":"Yamamoto M (1977) Electron microscopic studies on the innervation of the smooth muscle and the interstitial cell of Cajal in the small intestine of the mouse and bat. Arch Histol Jpn 40:171\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1679\/aohc1950.40.171","journal-title":"Arch Histol Jpn"},{"key":"5467_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00304515","volume":"280","author":"S Torihashi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Torihashi S, Ward SM, Nishikawa S, Nishi K, Kobayashi S, Sanders KM (1995) c-kit-dependent development of interstitial cells and electrical activity in the murine gastrointestinal tract. Cell Tissue Res 280:97\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00304515","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020343","volume":"480","author":"SM Ward","year":"1994","unstructured":"Ward SM, Burns AJ, Torihashi S, Sanders KM (1994) Mutation of the proto-oncogene c-kit blocks development of interstitial cells and electrical rhythmicity in murine intestine. J Physiol 480:91\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1994.sp020343","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.115279","volume":"576","author":"KM Sanders","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sanders KM, Ward SM (2006) Interstitial cells of Cajal: a new perspective on smooth muscle function. J Physiol 576:721\u2013726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.115279","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.116624","volume":"576","author":"T Komuro","year":"2006","unstructured":"Komuro T (2006) Structure and organization of interstitial cells of Cajal in the gastrointestinal tract. J Physiol 576:653\u2013658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.116624","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G552","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00264.2021","volume":"321","author":"JD Huizinga","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huizinga JD, Hussain A, Chen JH (2021) Interstitial cells of Cajal and human colon motility in health and disease. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 321:G552\u2013G575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00264.2021","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-003-0323-8","volume":"206","author":"R Mitsui","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mitsui R, Komuro T (2003) Distribution and ultrastructure of interstitial cells of Cajal in the gastric antrum of wild-type and Ws\/Ws rats. Anat Embryol (Berl) 206:453\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-003-0323-8","journal-title":"Anat Embryol (Berl)"},{"key":"5467_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-002-0279-0","volume":"206","author":"K Seki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Seki K, Komuro T (2002) Distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal and gap junction protein, Cx 43 in the stomach of wild-type and W\/Wv mutant mice. Anat Embryol (Berl) 206:57\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00429-002-0279-0","journal-title":"Anat Embryol (Berl)"},{"key":"5467_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0237k.x","volume":"537","author":"K Horiguchi","year":"2001","unstructured":"Horiguchi K, Semple GS, Sanders KM, Ward SM (2001) Distribution of pacemaker function through the tunica muscularis of the canine gastric antrum. J Physiol 537:237\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.0237k.x","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00196314","volume":"194","author":"K Ishikawa","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ishikawa K, Komuro T (1996) Characterization of the interstitial cells associated with the submuscular plexus of the guinea-pig colon. Anat Embryol (Berl) 194:49\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00196314","journal-title":"Anat Embryol (Berl)"},{"key":"5467_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902730105","volume":"273","author":"I Berezin","year":"1988","unstructured":"Berezin I, Huizinga JD, Daniel EE (1988) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the canine colon: a special communication network at the inner border of the circular muscle. J Comp Neurol 273:42\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.902730105","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"5467_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-003-0835-9","volume":"316","author":"B Mazet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mazet B, Raynier C (2004) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the guinea pig gastric antrum: distribution and regional density. Cell Tissue Res 316:23\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-003-0835-9","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092030112","volume":"203","author":"JJ Rumessen","year":"1982","unstructured":"Rumessen JJ, Thuneberg L, Mikkelsen HB (1982) Plexus muscularis profundus and associated interstitial cells. II. Ultrastructural studies of mouse small intestine. Anat Rec 203:129\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ar.1092030112","journal-title":"Anat Rec"},{"key":"5467_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-012-1468-7","volume":"350","author":"PJ Blair","year":"2012","unstructured":"Blair PJ, Bayguinov Y, Sanders KM, Ward SM (2012) Interstitial cells in the primate gastrointestinal tract. Cell Tissue Res 350:199\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00441-012-1468-7","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00318788","volume":"268","author":"DS Zhou","year":"1992","unstructured":"Zhou DS, Komuro T (1992) Interstitial cells associated with the deep muscular plexus of the guinea-pig small intestine, with special reference to the interstitial cells of Cajal. Cell Tissue Res 268:205\u2013216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00318788","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s004419900170","volume":"302","author":"JM Vanderwinden","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vanderwinden JM, Rumessen JJ, Bernex F, Schiffmann SN, Panthier JJ (2000) Distribution and ultrastructure of interstitial cells of Cajal in the mouse colon, using antibodies to Kit and Kit(W-lacZ) mice. Cell Tissue Res 302:155\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004419900170","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901260207","volume":"126","author":"DC Rogers","year":"1966","unstructured":"Rogers DC, Burnstock G (1966) The interstitial cell and its place in the concept of the autonomic ground plexus. J Comp Neurol 126:255\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.901260207","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"5467_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01181656","volume":"5","author":"RD Cook","year":"1976","unstructured":"Cook RD, Burnstock G (1976) The ultrastructure of Auerbach`s plexus in the guinea pig. II Non-neuronal elements J Neurocytol 5:195\u2013206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01181656","journal-title":"II Non-neuronal elements J Neurocytol"},{"key":"5467_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00968841","volume":"97","author":"M Imaizumi","year":"1969","unstructured":"Imaizumi M, Hama K (1969) An electron microscopic study on the interstitial cells of the gizzard in the love bird (Uronloncha domestica). Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat 97:351\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00968841","journal-title":"Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat"},{"key":"5467_CR48","first-page":"69","volume":"111","author":"G Gabella","year":"1972","unstructured":"Gabella G (1972) Fine structure of the myenteric plexus in the guinea-pig ileum. J Anat 111:69\u201397","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"5467_CR49","first-page":"137","volume":"30","author":"MS Faussone-Pellegrini","year":"1992","unstructured":"Faussone-Pellegrini MS (1992) Histogenesis, structure and relationships of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC): from morphology to functional interpretation. Eur J Morphol 30:137\u2013148","journal-title":"Eur J Morphol"},{"key":"5467_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90400-7","volume":"104","author":"JJ Rumessen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rumessen JJ, Mikkelsen HB, Qvortrup K, Thuneberg L (1993) Ultrastructure of interstitial cells of Cajal in circular muscle of human small intestine. Gastroenterology 104:343\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90400-7","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0029(19991115)47:4<248::AID-JEMT4>3.0.CO;2-W","volume":"47","author":"MS Faussone-Pellegrini","year":"1999","unstructured":"Faussone-Pellegrini MS, Thuneberg L (1999) Guide to the identification of interstitial cells of Cajal. Microsc Res Tech 47:248\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0029(19991115)47:4%3c248::AID-JEMT4%3e3.0.CO;2-W","journal-title":"Microsc Res Tech"},{"key":"5467_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s004180000154","volume":"113","author":"C Mazzia","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mazzia C, Porcher C, Jul\u00e9 Y, Christen MO, Henry M (2000) Ultrastructural study of relationships between c-kit immunoreactive interstitial cells and other cellular elements in the human colon. Histochem Cell Biol 113:401\u2013411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004180000154","journal-title":"Histochem Cell Biol"},{"key":"5467_CR53","first-page":"445","volume":"84","author":"R Hagger","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hagger R, Finlayson C, Jeffrey I, Kumar D (1997) Role of the interstitial cells of Cajal in the control of gut motility. Brit J Surg 84:445\u2013450","journal-title":"Brit J Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(91)70033-T","volume":"100","author":"JJ Rumessen","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rumessen JJ, Thuneberg L (1991) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the human small intestine. Ultrastructural identification and organization between the main smooth muscle layers. Gastroenterology 100:1417\u20131431","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529609094564","volume":"216","author":"JJ Rumessen","year":"1996","unstructured":"Rumessen JJ, Thuneberg L (1996) Pacemaker cells in the gastrointestinal tract: interstitial cells of Cajal. Scand J Gastroenterol 216:82\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00365529609094564","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"5467_CR56","first-page":"769","volume":"11","author":"T Komuro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Komuro T, Tokui K, Zhou DS (1996) Identification of the interstitial cells of Cajal. Histol Histopathol 11:769\u2013786","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"5467_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(92)90144-6","volume":"37","author":"J Christensen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Christensen J, Rick GA, Lowe LS (1992) Distributions of interstitial cells of Cajal in the stomach and colon of cat, dog, ferret, opossum, rat, guinea pig and rabbit. J Auton Nerv Syst 37:47\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-1838(92)90144-6","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5467_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(92)90236-a","volume":"37","author":"J Christensen","year":"1992","unstructured":"Christensen J (1992) A commentary on the morphological identification of interstitial cells of Cajal in the gut. J Auton Nerv Syst 37:75\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0165-1838(92)90236-a","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5467_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.116.2.369","volume":"116","author":"H Maeda","year":"1992","unstructured":"Maeda H, Yamagata A, Nishikawa S, Yoshinaga K, Kobayashi S, Nishi K, Nishikawa S (1992) Requirement of c-kit for development of intestinal pacemaker system. Development 116:369\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1242\/dev.116.2.369","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"5467_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C1577","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1995.269.6.C1577","volume":"269","author":"SM Ward","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ward SM, Burns AJ, Torihashi S, Harney SC, Sanders KM (1995) Impaired development of interstitial cells and intestinal electrical rhythmicity in steel mutants. Am J Physiol 269:C1577-1585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.1995.269.6.C1577","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"5467_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(98)90152-x","volume":"33","author":"M Horisawa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Horisawa M, Watanabe Y, Torihashi S (1998) Distribution of c-kit immunopositive cells in normal human colon and in Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. J Pediatr 33:1209\u20131214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(98)90152-x","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"5467_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137967","volume":"8","author":"K Horie","year":"1993","unstructured":"Horie K, Fujita J, Takakura K, Kanzaki H, Suginami H, Iwai M, Nakayama H, Mori T (1993) The expression of c-kit protein in human adult and fetal tissue. Hum Reprod 8:1955\u20131962. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a137967","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"5467_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8690216","volume":"111","author":"KM Sanders","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sanders KM (1996) A case for interstitial cells of Cajal as pacemakers and mediators of neurotransmission in the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 111:492\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8690216","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410051119","volume":"293","author":"K Horiguchi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Horiguchi K, Komuro T (1998) Ultrastructural characterization of interstitial cells of Cajal in the rat small intestine using control and Ws\/Ws mutant rats. Cell Tissue Res 293:277\u2013284. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004410051119","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90333-x","volume":"109","author":"K Isozaki","year":"1995","unstructured":"Isozaki K, Hirota S, Nakama A, Miyagawa J, Shinomura Y, Xu Z, Nomura S, Kitamura Y (1995) Disturbed intestinal movement, bile reflux to the stomach, and deficiency of c-kit-expressing cells in Ws\/Ws mutant rats. Gastroenterology 109:456\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90333-x","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410050902","volume":"290","author":"AJ Burns","year":"1997","unstructured":"Burns AJ, Herbert TM, Ward SM, Sanders KM (1997) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the guinea-pig gastrointestinal tract as revealed by c-Kit immunohistochemistry. Cell Tissue Res 290:11\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004410050902","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-1838(96)00078-1","volume":"61","author":"T Komuro","year":"1996","unstructured":"Komuro T, Zhou DS (1996) Anti-c-kit protein immunoreactive cells corresponding to the interstitial cells of Cajal in the guinea-pig small intestine. J Auton Nerv Syst 61:169\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0165-1838(96)00078-1","journal-title":"J Auton Nerv Syst"},{"key":"5467_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.5858\/2001-125-0899-TDMOCK","volume":"125","author":"L Nemeth","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nemeth L, Puri P (2001) Three-dimensional morphology of c-kit-positive cellular network and nitrergic innervation in the human gut. Arch Pathol Lab Med 125:899\u2013904. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2001-125-0899-TDMOCK","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"5467_CR69","first-page":"127","volume":"10","author":"E Fekete","year":"1995","unstructured":"Fekete E, Resch BA, Benedeczky I (1995) Histochemical and ultrastructural features of the developing enteric nervous system of the human foetal small intestine. Histol Histopathol 10:127\u2013134","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"5467_CR70","first-page":"596","volume":"37","author":"J Mebis","year":"1990","unstructured":"Mebis J, Penninckx F, Geboes K, Eggermont E, Desmet V (1990) Neuropathology of Hirschsprung\u2019s disease: en face study of microdissected intestine. Hepatogastroenterology 37:596\u2013600","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410051231","volume":"295","author":"XY Wang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Wang XY, Sanders KM, Ward SM (1999) Intimate relationship between interstitial cells of Cajal and enteric nerves in the guinea-pig small intestine. Cell Tissue Res 295:247\u2013256. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004410051231","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"5467_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iv40","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.47.suppl_4.iv40","volume":"47","author":"SM Ward","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ward SM (2000) Interstitial cells of Cajal in enteric neurotransmission. Gut 47:iv40-43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.47.suppl_4.iv40","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"5467_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2002.31610","volume":"37","author":"U Rolle","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rolle U, Nemeth L, Puri P (2002) Nitrergic innervation of the normal gut and in motility disorders of childhood. J Pediatr Surg 37:551\u2013567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jpsu.2002.31610","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/107710498174227","volume":"18","author":"T Wedel","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wedel T, Krammer HJ, K\u00fchnel W, Sigge W (1998) Alterations of the enteric nervous system in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis revealed by whole-mount immunohistochemistry. Pediatr Pathol Lab Med 18:57\u201370","journal-title":"Pediatr Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"5467_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00543961","volume":"76","author":"GL Ferri","year":"1982","unstructured":"Ferri GL, Botti PL, Vezzadini P (1982) Peptide-containing innervation of the human intestinal mucosa. An immunocytochemical study on whole-mount preparations. Histochemistry 76:413\u2013420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00543961","journal-title":"Histochemistry"},{"key":"5467_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.200444","volume":"59","author":"CH Knowles","year":"2010","unstructured":"Knowles CH, De Giorgio R, Kapur RP, Bruder E, Farrugia G, Geboes K, Lindberg G, Martin JE, Meier-Ruge WA, Milla PJ, Smith VV, Vandervinden JM, Veress B, Wedel T (2010) The London classification of gastrointestinal neuromuscular pathology: report on behalf of the gastro 2009 international working group. Gut 59:882\u2013887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/gut.2009.200444","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"5467_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-013-3351-3","volume":"29","author":"F Friedmacher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Friedmacher F, Puri P (2013) Classification and diagnostic criteria of variants of Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Pediatr Surg Int 29:855\u2013872. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3351-3","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90051-9","volume":"30","author":"A Yamataka","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yamataka A, Kato Y, Tibboel D, Murata Y, Sueyoshi N, Fujimoto T, Nishiye H, Miyano T (1995) A lack of intestinal pacemaker (c-kit) in aganglionic bowel of patients with Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. J Pediatr Surg 30:441\u2013444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(95)90051-9","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(97)90401-2","volume":"32","author":"A Yamataka","year":"1997","unstructured":"Yamataka A, Ohshiro K, Kobayashi H, Fujiwara T, Sunagawa M, Miyano T (1997) Intestinal pacemaker C-KIT+ cells and synapses in allied Hirschsprung\u2019s disorders. J Pediatr Surg 32:1069\u20131074. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(97)90401-2","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(96)70057-4","volume":"111","author":"JM Vanderwinden","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vanderwinden JM, Rumessen JJ, Liu H, Descamps D, De Laet MH, Vanderhaeghen JJ (1996) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the colon and in the Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Gastroenterology 111:901\u2013910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0016-5085(96)70057-4","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"5467_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rolle U, Piotrowska AP, Nemeth L, Puri P (2002) Altered distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal in Hirschsprung disease. Arch Pathol Lab Med 126:928\u2013933. 10.5858\/2002-126-0928-ADOICO","DOI":"10.5858\/2002-126-0928-ADOICO"},{"key":"5467_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2003.50014","volume":"38","author":"AP Piotrowska","year":"2003","unstructured":"Piotrowska AP, Solari V, de Caluwe D, Puri P (2003) Immunocolocalization of the heme oxygenase-2 and interstitial cells of Cajal in normal and aganglionic colon. J Pediatr Surg 38:73\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jpsu.2003.50014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/s10024-002-0002-4","volume":"5","author":"D Newgreen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Newgreen D, Young HM (2002) Enteric nervous system: development and developmental disturbances\u2013part 2. Pediatr Dev Pathol 5:329\u2013349. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10024-002-0002-4","journal-title":"Pediatr Dev Pathol"},{"key":"5467_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-002-0931-z","volume":"19","author":"T Taguchi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Taguchi T, Suita S, Masumoto K, Nada O (2003) Universal distribution of c-kit-positive cells in different types of Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Pediatr Surg Int 19:273\u2013279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-002-0931-z","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-013-3364-y","volume":"29","author":"S Gfroerer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gfroerer S, Rolle U (2013) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the normal human gut and in Hirschsprung disease. Pediatr Surg Int 29:889\u2013897. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-013-3364-y","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2007.10.067","volume":"43","author":"M Bettolli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bettolli M, De Carli C, Jolin-Dahel K, Bailey K, Khan HF, Sweeney B, Krantis A, Staines WA, Rubin S (2008) Colonic dysmotility in postsurgical patients with Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Potential significance of abnormalities in the interstitial cells of Cajal and the enteric nervous system. J Pediatr Surg 43:1433\u20131438. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2007.10.067","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-003-1026-1","volume":"19","author":"CJ Newman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Newman CJ, Laurini RN, Lesbros Y, Reinberg O, Meyrat BJ (2003) Interstitial cells of Cajal are normally distributed in both ganglionated and aganglionic bowel in Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Pediatr Surg Int 19:662\u2013668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-003-1026-1","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-837612","volume":"15","author":"T Taguchi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taguchi T, Suita S, Masumoto K, Nagasaki A (2005) An abnormal distribution of C-kit positive cells in the normoganglionic segment can predict a poor clinical outcome in patients with Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Eur J Pediatr Surg 15:153\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2005-837612","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-015-3822-9","volume":"32","author":"D Coyle","year":"2016","unstructured":"Coyle D, Kelly DA, O\u2019Donnell AM, Gillick J, Puri P (2016) Use of anoctamin 1 (ANO1) to evaluate interstitial cells of Cajal in Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Pediatr Surg Int 32:125\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-015-3822-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR90","first-page":"506","volume":"55","author":"W Meier-Ruge","year":"1971","unstructured":"Meier-Ruge W (1971) Casuistic of colon disorder with symptoms of Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol 55:506\u2013510","journal-title":"Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol"},{"key":"5467_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(77)90393-1","volume":"12","author":"P Puri","year":"1977","unstructured":"Puri P, Lake BD, Nixon HH, Mishalany H, Claireaux AE (1977) Neuronal colonic dysplasia: an unusual association of Hirschsprung\u2019s disease. J Pediatr Surg 12:681\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0022-3468(77)90393-1","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1059994","volume":"38","author":"B Fadda","year":"1983","unstructured":"Fadda B, Maier WA, Meier-Ruge W, Sch\u00e4rli A, Daum R (1983) Neuronal intestinal dysplasia. Critical 10-years\u2019 analysis of clinical and biopsy diagnosis. Z Kinderchir 38:305\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2008-1059994","journal-title":"Z Kinderchir"},{"key":"5467_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00292-007-0894-x","volume":"28","author":"E Bruder","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bruder E, Meier-Ruge WA (2007) Intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B: how do we understand it today? Pathologe 28:137\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00292-007-0894-x","journal-title":"Pathologe"},{"key":"5467_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-010-2849-1","volume":"27","author":"S Montedonico","year":"2011","unstructured":"Montedonico S, C\u00e1ceres P, Mu\u00f1oz N, Y\u00e1\u00f1ez H, Ram\u00edrez R, Fadda B (2011) Histochemical staining for intestinal dysganglionosis: over 30 years experience with more than 1,500 biopsies. Pediatr Surg Int 27:479\u2013486. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-010-2849-1","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182a8bb50","volume":"57","author":"MG Sch\u00e4ppi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sch\u00e4ppi MG, Staiano A, Milla PJ, Smith VV, Dias JA, Heuschkel R, Husby S, Mearin ML, Papadopoulou A, Ruemmele FM, Vandenplas Y, Koletzko S (2013) A practical guide for the diagnosis of primary enteric nervous system disorders. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 57:677\u2013686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182a8bb50","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"5467_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.07.053","volume":"40","author":"G Martucciello","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martucciello G, Pini Prato A, Puri P, Holschneider AM, Meier-Ruge W, Jasonni V, Tovar JA, Grosfeld JL (2005) Controversies concerning diagnostic guidelines for anomalies of the enteric nervous system: a report from the fourth International Symposium on Hirschsprung\u2019s disease and related neurocristopathies. J Pediatr Surg 40:1527\u20131531. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2005.07.053","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-007-2022-7","volume":"23","author":"U Rolle","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rolle U, Piaseczna-Piotrowska A, Puri P (2007) Interstitial cells of Cajal in the normal gut and in intestinal motility disorders of childhood. Pediatr Surg Int 23:1139\u20131152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-007-2022-7","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.08.004","volume":"41","author":"T Taguchi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Taguchi T, Masumoto K, Ieiri S, Nakatsuji T, Akiyoshi J (2006) New classification of hypoganglionosis: congenital and acquired hypoganglionosis. J Pediatr Surg 41:2046\u20132051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.08.004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1053\/jpsu.2002.32259","volume":"37","author":"U Rolle","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rolle U, Yoneda A, Solari V, Nemeth L, Puri P (2002) Abnormalities of C-Kit-positive cellular network in isolated hypoganglionosis. J Pediatr Surg 37:709\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/jpsu.2002.32259","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-012-3123-5","volume":"28","author":"F Friedmacher","year":"2012","unstructured":"Friedmacher F, Puri P (2012) Comparison of posterior internal anal sphincter myectomy and intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection for treatment of internal anal sphincter achalasia: a meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int 28:765\u2013771. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-012-3123-5","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2009.07.006","volume":"18","author":"R Doodnath","year":"2009","unstructured":"Doodnath R, Puri P (2009) Internal anal sphincter achalasia. Semin Pediatr Surg 18:246\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2009.07.006","journal-title":"Semin Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"5467_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-011-2954-9","volume":"27","author":"JH Gosemann","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gosemann JH, Puri P (2011) Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: systematic review of outcome. Pediatr Surg Int 27:1041\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-011-2954-9","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.126.5.957","volume":"126","author":"WE Berdon","year":"1976","unstructured":"Berdon WE, Baker DH, Blanc WA, Gay B, Santulli TV, Donovan C (1976) Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: a new cause of intestinal obstruction in the newborn. Report of radiologic findings in five newborn girls. AJR Am J Roentgenol 126:957\u2013964. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/ajr.126.5.957","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"5467_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s003830200001","volume":"18","author":"U Rolle","year":"2002","unstructured":"Rolle U, O\u2019Briain S, Pearl RH, Puri P (2002) Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: evidence of intestinal myopathy. Pediatr Surg Int 18:2\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s003830200001","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"key":"5467_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-3468(83)80275-9","volume":"18","author":"P Puri","year":"1983","unstructured":"Puri P, Lake BD, Gorman F, O\u2019Donnell B, Nixon HH (1983) Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: a visceral myopathy. J Pediatr Surg 18:64\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-3468(83)80275-9","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Surgery International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00383-023-05467-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00383-023-05467-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00383-023-05467-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T13:23:36Z","timestamp":1702560216000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00383-023-05467-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"references-count":105,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5467"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00383-023-05467-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-9813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-9813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 April 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 April 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"188"}}