{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T02:47:08Z","timestamp":1768272428272,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Surg Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There has been a resurgence in the use of whole blood for trauma resuscitation, however the outcomes for pediatric trauma patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) resuscitated with whole blood are unknown. We hypothesized a lower risk of mortality and complications for pediatric trauma patients with TBI resuscitated with whole blood compared with those resuscitated exclusively with component blood therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 2020\u20132021 TQIP database was queried for pediatric trauma patients (\u2264\u200917\u00a0years-old) with TBI requiring blood product resuscitation. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine associated risk of overall and early (within 24\u00a0h) mortality and overall complications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 1740 transfused pediatric trauma patients with TBI, 195 (11%) received whole blood. The whole blood cohort received a similar amount of overall blood products and had similar overall rates of complications and death (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). After adjusting for age, injury severity score, and vitals on arrival, whole blood patients continued to have no difference in risk of complications and overall mortality (both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). However, whole blood had decreased associated risk of early mortality (OR 0.49, CI 0.29\u20130.83,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found only 11% of pediatric trauma patients with TBI received whole blood, however whole blood patients had a lower associated risk of early death compared with component blood therapy. Future prospective research is needed to validate these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-025-06175-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T08:48:45Z","timestamp":1756284525000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Whole blood transfusion in pediatric trauma patients with traumatic brain injury may decrease the risk of early death"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Painter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffry","family":"Nahmias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yigit","family":"Guner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura F.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick M.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jefferson","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Areg","family":"Grigorian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"6175_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.3517","volume":"329","author":"SH Woolf","year":"2023","unstructured":"Woolf SH, Wolf ER, Rivara FP (2023) The new crisis of increasing all-cause mortality in US children and adolescents. 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