{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T17:59:09Z","timestamp":1793383149773,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003500","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003500","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatr Surg Int"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate outcomes and complications of different surgical approaches for 10\u201320\u00a0mm internal stones in children, based on bicentric real-world experience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed 96 patients treated between 2009 and 2022 at two tertiary referral centres. Data included demographics, stone characteristics, treatment (extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy -SWL, retrograde surgery -RIRS, percutaneous nephrolithotomy \u2013 PCNL, surgery), complications, and stone-free rates. The primary outcome was stone clearance; complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Categorical variables were compared using Chi-square of Fisher\u2019s exact test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median age was 61 months (IQR 25\u2013105). Nineteen patients (19.8%) had associated urological conditions. 50% had multiple stones. Treatments included SWL (17.7%), URS\/RIRS (46.9%), PCNL (19.8%), and surgery (8.3%). Intraoperative complications occurred in 4.2%, early postoperative in 12.5%, and late complications in 11.5%. Stone clearance after the first procedure was achieved in 47.9%. Clearance rates were 58.8% for SWL, 47.8% for URS\/RIRS, and 52.6% for PCNL. No statistically significant differences were observed in stone clearance or complication rates among treatments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All treatments demonstrated safety and efficacy for 10\u201320\u00a0mm pediatric intrarenal stones. Individualized treatment planning, considering stone burden and patient-specific factors, remains essential to optimize outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-026-06372-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T08:56:44Z","timestamp":1776243404000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcomes and complications of different approaches for 1\u20132\u00a0cm upper tract stones in the paediatric population: bicentric retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Bruniera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Basso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Botti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Grossele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Gnech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Berrettini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Beltrami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Montini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Taroni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina","family":"Mancuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Sangermano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Germana","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Dal Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Morlacco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"6372_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.5527\/wjn.v4.i4.444","volume":"4","author":"MG Penido","year":"2015","unstructured":"Penido MG, Tavares Mde S (2015) Pediatric primary urolithiasis: Symptoms, medical management and prevention strategies. 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