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We performed a systematic review (Prospero: CRD420251013945) aiming at investigating correlations and patterns between ARMs and labioscrotal anomalies (LSAs), when presenting simultaneously. Our search identified 1642 articles. After abstract screening, 344 full texts were assessed and 144 met the inclusion criteria. In total, these reported on 319 individual cases with both ARM and LSA. Individuals with complex ARMs had proportionally the most LSAs associated with their ARM\u2009\u2212\u200958.4% of these were associated with only a single LSA. For \u2018high\u2019 and \u2018low\u2019 ARMs, 66.0% and 77.0% of cases were associated with a single LSA respectively. As data reporting prevalence of each type of ARM lacks information about LSAs, the potential to predict the presence of LSAs according to type of ARM is limited. Nevertheless, this review demonstrates a frequent association of ARMs with LSAs, that has not been previously described. This evidence highlights the importance of early screening and timely management of LSAs in patients with any type of ARM, with close collaboration between paediatric surgeons, urologists and other clinicians.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-026-06475-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T13:16:53Z","timestamp":1784294213000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["ARM in ARM? Investigating the co-occurrence of anorectal malformations and labioscrotal anomalies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Patrick G. 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