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It accounts for patients\u2019 discomfort, increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and a high economic burden. This review outlines the current understanding of POI pathophysiology and focuses on preventive treatments that have proven to be effective or at least show promising effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pathophysiology and recommendations for POI treatment are summarized on the basis of a selective literature review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While a lot of therapies have been researched over the past decades, many of them failed to prove successful in meta-analyses. To date, there is no evidence-based treatment once POI has manifested. In the era of enhanced recovery after surgery or fast track regimes, a few approaches show a beneficial effect in preventing POI: multimodal, opioid-sparing analgesia with placement of epidural catheters or transverse abdominis plane block; \u03bc-opioid-receptor antagonists; and goal-directed fluid therapy and in general the use of minimally invasive surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results of different studies are often contradictory, as a concise definition of POI and reliable surrogate endpoints are still absent. These will be needed to advance POI research and provide clinicians with consistent data to improve the treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-021-03939-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T18:02:50Z","timestamp":1620756170000},"page":"2017-2025","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["State-of-the-art colorectal disease: postoperative ileus"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1370-1573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils P.","family":"Sommer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reiner","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Wehner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg C.","family":"Kalff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim O.","family":"Vilz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"3939_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1054\/arth.2001.27675","volume":"16","author":"SS Bederman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bederman SS, Betsy M, Winiarsky R, Seldes RM, Sharrock NE, Sculco TP (2001) Postoperative ileus in the lower extremity arthroplasty patient. 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