{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:47:37Z","timestamp":1792007257282,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the  Jianghan Talent Funding","award":["No. 02.05.22030036"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 02.05.22030036"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Colorectal Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In the treatment of early-stage rectal cancer, a growing number of studies have shown that transanal endoscopic microsurgery is one of the alternatives to radical surgery adhering to total mesorectal excision that can reduce the incidence of adverse events without compromising treatment outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the safety and treatment effect of transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical surgery adhering to total mesorectal excision to provide a basis for clinical treatment selections.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We searched the literatures of four major databases, PubMed, Embase, Web of science, and Cochrane Library, without limitation of time. The literatures included randomized controlled studies and cohort studies comparing two surgical procedures of transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical surgery adhering to total mesorectal excision. Treatment effectiveness and safety results of transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical surgery were extracted from the included literatures and statistically analyzed using RevMan5.4 and stata17.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Ultimately, 13 papers were included in the study including 5 randomized controlled studies and 8 cohort studies. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the treatment effect and safety of both transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical surgery in distant metastasis (RR, 0.59 (0.34, 1.02), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), overall recurrence (RR, 1.49 (0.96, 2.31), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), disease-specific-survival (RR, 0.74 (0.09, 1.57), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), dehiscence of the sutureline or anastomosis leakage (RR, 0.57 (0.30, 1.06), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), postoperative bleeding (RR, 0.47 (0.22, 0.99), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05), and pneumonia (RR, 0.37, (0.10, 1.40), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) were not significantly different. However, they differ significantly in perioperative mortality (RR, 0.26 (0.07, 0.93, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05)), local recurrence (RR, 2.51 (1.53, 4.21), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05),_overall survival_ (RR, 0.88 (0.74, 1.00), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), disease-free-survival (RR, 1.08 (0.97, 1.19), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), temporary stoma (RR, 0.05 (0.01, 0.20), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), permanent stoma (RR, 0.16 (0.08, 0.33), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), postoperative complications (RR, 0.35 (0.21, 0.59), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), rectal pain (RR, 1.47 (1.11, 1.95), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), operation time (RR,\u2009\u221297.14 (\u2212115.81,\u2009\u221278.47), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), blood loss (RR,\u2009\u2212315.52 (\u2212472.47,\u2009\u2212158.57), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and time of hospitalization (RR,\u2009\u22128.82 (\u221210.38,\u2009\u22127.26), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Transanal endoscopic microsurgery seems to be one of the alternatives to radical surgery for early-stage rectal cancer, but more high-quality clinical studies are needed to provide a reliable basis.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-023-04341-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T16:52:30Z","timestamp":1676652750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus radical resection for early-stage rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta- analysis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing Xing","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Da Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen Jun","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying Hao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"4341_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","volume":"68","author":"F Bray","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bray F et al (2018) Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 68(6):394\u2013424","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-018-6527-z","volume":"33","author":"X Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang X et al (2019) Short- and long-term outcomes of transanal versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for mid-to-low rectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Surg Endosc 33(3):972\u2013985","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"4341_CR3","unstructured":"Health NIFC (2014) Excellence, colorectal cancer: the diagnosis and management of colorectal cancer. NICE"},{"key":"4341_CR4","unstructured":"Boyle J et al (2018)\u00a0National Bowel Cancer Audit Annual Report 2018. NHS"},{"issue":"11","key":"4341_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2012.07.111","volume":"38","author":"HS Snijders","year":"2012","unstructured":"Snijders HS et al (2012) Meta-analysis of the risk for anastomotic leakage, the postoperative mortality caused by leakage in relation to the overall postoperative mortality. Eur J Surg Oncol 38(11):1013\u20131019","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2015.02.021","volume":"92","author":"A Gilbert","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gilbert A et al (2015) Systematic review of radiation therapy toxicity reporting in randomized controlled trials of rectal cancer: a comparison of patient-reported outcomes and clinician toxicity reporting. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 92(3):555\u2013567","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"4","key":"4341_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2015.1088171","volume":"55","author":"LM Wiltink","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wiltink LM et al (2016) A comprehensive longitudinal overview of health-related quality of life and symptoms after treatment for rectal cancer in the TME trial. Acta Oncol 55(4):502\u2013508","journal-title":"Acta Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4341_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.01000.x","volume":"8","author":"A Zolciak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zolciak A et al (2006) Abdominoperineal resection or anterior resection for rectal cancer: patient preferences before and after treatment. Colorectal Dis 8(7):575\u2013580","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"124","key":"4341_CR9","first-page":"727","volume":"60","author":"YY Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen YY et al (2013) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus laparoscopic lower anterior resection for the treatment of T1\u20132 rectal cancers. Hepatogastroenterology 60(124):727\u2013732","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-002-0441-4","volume":"18","author":"C Langer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Langer C et al (2003) Surgical cure for early rectal carcinoma and large adenoma: transanal endoscopic microsurgery (using ultrasound or electrosurgery) compared to conventional local and radical resection. Int J Colorectal Dis 18(3):222\u2013229","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.4321\/S1130-01082009000300003","volume":"101","author":"P Palma","year":"2009","unstructured":"Palma P et al (2009) Local excision of early rectal cancer: is transanal endoscopic microsurgery an alternative to radical surgery? Rev Esp Enferm Dig 101(3):172\u2013178","journal-title":"Rev Esp Enferm Dig"},{"issue":"4","key":"4341_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-013-3302-z","volume":"28","author":"FS Kawaguti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kawaguti FS et al (2014) Endoscopic submucosal dissection versus transanal endoscopic microsurgery for the treatment of early rectal cancer. Surg Endosc 28(4):1173\u20131179","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"9","key":"4341_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-010-9491-z","volume":"25","author":"A Stang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stang A (2010) Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Eur J Epidemiol 25(9):603\u2013605","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"4341_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2021.101561","volume":"37","author":"X Xiong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xiong X et al (2021) Can transanal endoscopic microsurgery effectively treat T1 or T2 rectal cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Oncol 37:101561","journal-title":"Surg Oncol"},{"key":"4341_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Allaix ME et al (2012)\u00a0Transanal endoscopic microsurgery vs. laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for T2N0 rectal cancer. J Gastrointest Surg\u00a016(12):2280\u20132287","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-012-2046-8"},{"issue":"12","key":"4341_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2009.05.001","volume":"35","author":"EJ De Graaf","year":"2009","unstructured":"De Graaf EJ et al (2009) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus total mesorectal excision of T1 rectal adenocarcinomas with curative intention. Eur J Surg Oncol 35(12):1280\u20131285","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4341_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-007-9596-y","volume":"22","author":"G Lezoche","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lezoche G et al (2008) A prospective randomized study with a 5-year minimum follow-up evaluation of transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision after neoadjuvant therapy. Surg Endosc 22(2):352\u2013358","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"9","key":"4341_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.8821","volume":"99","author":"E Lezoche","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lezoche E et al (2012) Randomized clinical trial of endoluminal locoregional resection versus laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for T2 rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy. Br J Surg 99(9):1211\u20131218","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"4341_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winde G et al (1996)\u00a0Surgical cure for early rectal carcinomas (T1). Transanal endoscopic microsurgery vs. anterior resection. Dis Colon Rectum\u00a039(9):969\u201376","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02054683"},{"issue":"9","key":"4341_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1007\/s004649900802","volume":"12","author":"A Heintz","year":"1998","unstructured":"Heintz A, M\u00f6rschel M, Junginger T (1998) Comparison of results after transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical resection for T1 carcinoma of the rectum. Surg Endosc 12(9):1145\u20131148","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"8","key":"4341_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-002-8814-x","volume":"17","author":"W Lee","year":"2003","unstructured":"Lee W et al (2003) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical surgery for T1 and T2 rectal cancer. Surg Endosc 17(8):1283\u20131287","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"4341_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ptok H et al (2007)\u00a0Oncological outcome of local vs radical resection of low-risk pT1 rectal cancer. Arch Surg\u00a0142(7):649\u2013655","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.142.7.649"},{"issue":"2","key":"4341_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(20)30333-2","volume":"6","author":"SP Bach","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bach SP et al (2021) Radical surgery versus organ preservation via short-course radiotherapy followed by transanal endoscopic microsurgery for early-stage rectal cancer (TREC): a randomised, open-label feasibility study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 6(2):92\u2013105","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4341_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000591","volume":"59","author":"T Stornes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stornes T et al (2016) National early rectal cancer treatment revisited. Dis Colon Rectum 59(7):623\u2013629","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"5","key":"4341_CR25","first-page":"e204","volume":"59","author":"T Stornes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stornes T et al (2016) National early rectal cancer treatment revisited. Dis Colon Rectum 59(5):e204\u2013e205","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000283","volume":"58","author":"J Bikhchandani","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bikhchandani J et al (2015) Outcomes of salvage surgery for cure in patients with locally recurrent disease after local excision of rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 58(3):283\u2013287","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"4341_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2017.03.008","volume":"114","author":"G Veereman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Veereman G et al (2017) Systematic review and meta-analysis of local resection or transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus radical resection in stage i rectal cancer: a real standard? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 114:43\u201352","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-017-1595-y","volume":"21","author":"T Junginger","year":"2017","unstructured":"Junginger T et al (2017) Long-term results of transanal endoscopic microsurgery after endoscopic polypectomy of malignant rectal adenoma. Tech Coloproctol 21(3):225\u2013232","journal-title":"Tech Coloproctol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4341_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3683","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-011-1777-z","volume":"25","author":"M Morino","year":"2011","unstructured":"Morino M et al (2011) Risk factors for recurrence after transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal malignant neoplasm. Surg Endosc 25(11):3683\u20133690","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"4341_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-006-9256-9","volume":"14","author":"G Palmer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Palmer G et al (2007) A population-based study on the management and outcome in patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 14(2):447\u2013454","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4341_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.01018.x","volume":"8","author":"AG Heriot","year":"2006","unstructured":"Heriot AG et al (2006) Surgery for local recurrence of rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 8(9):733\u2013747","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"4341_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2020.02.032","volume":"46","author":"DP Cyr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cyr DP et al (2020) Long-term outcomes following salvage surgery for locally recurrent rectal cancer: a 15-year follow-up study. Eur J Surg Oncol 46(6):1131\u20131137","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318241ef22","volume":"55","author":"F Stipa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stipa F, Giaccaglia V, Burza A (2012) Management and outcome of local recurrence following transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 55(3):262\u2013269","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"15","key":"4341_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00215-6","volume":"16","author":"J Garcia-Aguilar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Garcia-Aguilar J et al (2015) Organ preservation for clinical T2N0 distal rectal cancer using neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and local excision (ACOSOG Z6041): results of an open-label, single-arm, multi-institutional, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol 16(15):1537\u20131546","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"8","key":"4341_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.17803","volume":"70","author":"L Neuberger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Neuberger L et al (2022) A new stoma for an older person-An association with quality of life and physical function: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 70(8):2415\u20132425","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"2","key":"4341_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0804-8","volume":"48","author":"PF Middleton","year":"2005","unstructured":"Middleton PF, Sutherland LM, Maddern GJ (2005) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery: a systematic review. Dis Colon Rectum 48(2):270\u2013284","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"6","key":"4341_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2006.01186.x","volume":"9","author":"PG Doornebosch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Doornebosch PG et al (2007) Quality of life after transanal endoscopic microsurgery and total mesorectal excision in early rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 9(6):553\u2013558","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"4341_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-022-04186-8","volume":"37","author":"S Tan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tan S et al (2022) Local resection versus radical resection for early-stage rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 37(7):1467\u20131483","journal-title":"Int J Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"4341_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.2011.76","volume":"146","author":"HM Salinas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Salinas HM et al (2011) Determining the need for radical surgery in patients with T1 rectal cancer. Arch Surg 146(5):540\u2013543","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"4341_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-984863","volume":"20","author":"DB Stewart","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stewart DB, Dietz DW (2007) Total mesorectal excision: what are we doing? Clin Colon Rectal Surg 20(3):190\u2013202","journal-title":"Clin Colon Rectal Surg"},{"key":"4341_CR41","unstructured":"Benson AB et al (2018)\u00a0Rectal Cancer, Version 2.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw\u00a016(7):874\u2013901"},{"issue":"58","key":"4341_CR42","first-page":"998","volume":"51","author":"S Yamamoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yamamoto S et al (2004) The risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal carcinoma. Hepatogastroenterology 51(58):998\u20131000","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"4341_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6147-7","volume":"45","author":"R Nascimbeni","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nascimbeni R et al (2002) Risk of lymph node metastasis in T1 carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Dis Colon Rectum 45(2):200\u2013206","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"11","key":"4341_CR44","first-page":"4841","volume":"30","author":"ME Allaix","year":"2016","unstructured":"Allaix ME, Arezzo A, Morino M (2016) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal cancer: T1 and beyond? An evidence-based review Surg Endosc 30(11):4841\u20134852","journal-title":"An evidence-based review Surg Endosc"},{"key":"4341_CR45","first-page":"34","volume":"4","author":"SV Chernyshov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chernyshov SV et al (2022) Results of total mesorectal excision and transanal endoscopic microsurgery for rectal adenocarcinoma with submucosal invasion. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 4:34\u201341","journal-title":"Khirurgiia (Mosk)"},{"key":"4341_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhangu A et al (2013)\u00a0Survival outcome of local excision versus radical resection of colon or rectal carcinoma: a surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) population-based study. Ann Surg 258(4):563\u20139, discussion 569\u201371","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182a4e85a"},{"issue":"10093","key":"4341_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31056-5","volume":"390","author":"E Rullier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rullier E et al (2017) Organ preservation for rectal cancer (GRECCAR 2): a prospective, randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet 390(10093):469\u2013479","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"4341_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennecke HF et al (2022)\u00a0Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, excision, and observation for early rectal cancer: the phase II NEO Trial (CCTG CO.28) primary end point results. J Clin Oncol JCO2200184","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.22.00184"},{"issue":"11","key":"4341_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa060829","volume":"355","author":"JF Bosset","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bosset JF et al (2006) Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 355(11):1114\u20131123","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"4341_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2012.0160","volume":"10","author":"JG Phillips","year":"2012","unstructured":"Phillips JG, Hong TS, Ryan DP (2012) Multidisciplinary management of early-stage rectal cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 10(12):1577\u20131585","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00384-023-04341-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00384-023-04341-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00384-023-04341-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T11:10:49Z","timestamp":1703157049000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00384-023-04341-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00384-023-04341-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 February 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 February 2023","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"No informed consent.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"49"}}