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Eight TRUS parameters were identified as statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) for distinguishing between the groups, including PSV<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>, LD<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>, TD<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>, CEUS-IG<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>, LD change rate, TD change rate, RI change rate, and CEUS-IG downgrade. The accuracies of these individual parameters in predicting TRG were 0.42, 0.62, 0.56, 0.68, 0.67, 0.70, 0.63, and 0.71, respectively. The AUC values were 0.596, 0.597, 0.630, 0.752, 0.686, 0.660, 0.650, and 0.666, respectively. The multi-parameter ultrasonic logistic regression (MPU-LR) model achieved an accuracy of 0.816 and an AUC of 0.851 (95% CI: [0.792\u20130.909]). The optimal pre- and post-treatment radiomics models were RF (Mean-PCA-RFE-6) and AE (Zscore-PCA-RFE-12), with accuracies of 0.563 and 0.596 and AUCs of 0.601 (95% CI: [0.561\u20130.641]) and 0.662 (95% CI: [0.630\u20130.694]), respectively. The combined model (US-RAD<jats:sub>pre<\/jats:sub>-RAD<jats:sub>post<\/jats:sub>) showed the highest predictive power with accuracy and AUC of 0.863 and 0.913.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The combined model based on TRUS and radiomics demonstrated remarkable predictive capability for TRG after NCRT. It serves as a precision tool for assessing NCRT response in patients with LARC, impacting treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-024-04792-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T03:27:55Z","timestamp":1736220475000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Combined transrectal ultrasound and radiomics model for evaluating the therapeutic effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Dilimire","family":"Abuliezi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yufen","family":"She","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongfan","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3395-1921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"4792_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2020.0032","volume":"18","author":"AB Benson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Benson AB et al (2020) NCCN guidelines insights rectal cancer, Version 6. 2020. 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The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (revised in 2013). Ethical review and informed consent were waived for all patients due to the retrospective nature of this study. To safeguard patient privacy, stringent measures were taken at the data collection stage to handle personal information meticulously, retaining only non-sensitive information that was essential for research analysis and did not involve personal identification. Additionally, a comprehensive record of data access, extraction, and processing procedures was maintained to ensure traceability at every stage. For stored and transmitted data, strict access controls were implemented, with data access authorized exclusively for research personnel, thereby guaranteeing the confidentiality and security of the data. These measures were designed to maximize the protection of patient privacy while also ensuring the smooth progression of the research.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"7"}}