{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T17:19:06Z","timestamp":1785777546670,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Colorectal Dis"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-025-04840-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T19:26:51Z","timestamp":1741807611000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association of radiotherapy with secondary pelvic cancers in male patients with rectal cancer"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanglong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longbo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianxiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jilin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiheng","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"16","key":"4840_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.40.1836","volume":"30","author":"R Sauer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sauer R, Liersch T, Merkel S, Fietkau R, Hohenberger W, Hess C et al (2012) Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of the German CAO\/ARO\/AIO-94 randomized phase III trial after a median follow-up of 11 years. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol 30(16):1926\u20131933","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"9","key":"4840_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010580","volume":"345","author":"E Kapiteijn","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kapiteijn E, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, Putter H, Steup WH, Wiggers T et al (2001) Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 345(9):638\u2013646","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9666","key":"4840_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60484-0","volume":"373","author":"D Sebag-Montefiore","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sebag-Montefiore D, Stephens RJ, Steele R, Monson J, Grieve R, Khanna S et al (2009) Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet Lond Engl 373(9666):811\u2013820","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"key":"4840_CR4","unstructured":"National Comprehensive Cancer Network. (2023). NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: Rectal Cancer. NCCN"},{"issue":"18","key":"4840_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2196","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001641","volume":"134","author":"L Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu L, Xu TL, Zhang L, Shen SH, Zhu YL, Fang H et al (2021) Impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the local recurrence and distant metastasis pattern of locally advanced rectal cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis. Chin Med J (Engl) 134(18):2196\u20132204","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"issue":"7","key":"4840_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.7.2542","volume":"16","author":"BD Minsky","year":"1998","unstructured":"Minsky BD, Coia L, Haller DG, Hoffman J, John M, Landry J et al (1998) Radiation therapy for rectosigmoid and rectal cancer: results of the 1992\u20131994 Patterns of Care process survey. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol 16(7):2542\u20132547","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"4840_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.5.954","volume":"12","author":"L Coia","year":"1994","unstructured":"Coia L, Wizenberg M, Hanlon A, Gunderson L, Haller D, Hoffman J et al (1994) Evaluation and treatment of patients receiving radiation for cancer of the rectum or sigmoid colon in the United States: results of the 1988\u20131989 Patterns of Care Study process survey. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol 12(5):954\u2013959","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4840_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23241","volume":"112","author":"KE Hoffman","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hoffman KE, Hong TS, Zietman AL, Russell AH (2008) External beam radiation treatment for rectal cancer is associated with a decrease in subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis. Cancer 112(4):943\u2013949","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"10","key":"4840_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586401","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.586401","volume":"25","author":"X Guan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guan X, Wei R, Yang R, Lu Z, Liu E, Zhao Z et al (2021) Risk and prognosis of secondary bladder cancer after radiation therapy for rectal cancer: a large population-based cohort study. Front Oncol 25(10)","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4840_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10327","volume":"104","author":"A Martling","year":"2017","unstructured":"Martling A, Smedby KE, Birgisson H, Olsson H, Granath F, Ekbom A et al (2017) Risk of second primary cancer in patients treated with radiotherapy for rectal cancer. Br J Surg 104(3):278\u2013287","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"4840_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wen L, Zhong G, Zhang Y, Zhong M (2021) Risk and prognosis of secondary bladder cancer after postoperative radiotherapy for gynecological cancer. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 22(3):471\u2013480","DOI":"10.17305\/bjbms.2021.6338"},{"issue":"1","key":"4840_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2031661","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.31661","volume":"4","author":"X Guan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guan X, Wei R, Yang R, Lu Z, Liu E, Zhao Z et al (2021) Association of radiotherapy for rectal cancer and second gynecological malignant neoplasms. JAMA Netw Open 4(1)","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"40","key":"4840_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4586","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i40.4586","volume":"24","author":"TH Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang TH, Liu CJ, Chao TF, Chen TJ, Hu YW (2018) Second primary malignancy risk after radiotherapy in rectal cancer survivors. World J Gastroenterol 24(40):4586\u20134595","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4840_CR14","first-page":"121","volume":"18","author":"MJ Huynh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Huynh MJ, Eng L, Ngo LH, Power NE, Kamran SC, Pierce TT et al (2024) Incidence and survival of secondary malignancies after external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer in the SEER database. Can Urol Assoc J J Assoc Urol Can 18(4):121\u2013128","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J J Assoc Urol Can"},{"issue":"13","key":"4840_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2404","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16132404","volume":"16","author":"M de Angelis","year":"2024","unstructured":"de Angelis M, Siech C, Di Bello F, Pe\u00f1aranda NR, Goyal JA, Tian Z et al (2024) Incidence, characteristics and survival rates of bladder cancer after rectosigmoid cancer radiation. Cancers 16(13):2404","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"issue":"1","key":"4840_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1667\/RR0763.1","volume":"168","author":"DL Preston","year":"2007","unstructured":"Preston DL, Ron E, Tokuoka S, Funamoto S, Nishi N, Soda M et al (2007) Solid cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors: 1958\u20131998. Radiat Res 168(1):1\u201364","journal-title":"Radiat Res"},{"issue":"15","key":"4840_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.6693","volume":"33","author":"LM Wiltink","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wiltink LM, Nout RA, Fiocco M, Meershoek-Klein Kranenbarg E, J\u00fcrgenliemk-Schulz IM, Jobsen JJ et al (2015) No Increased risk of second cancer after radiotherapy in patients treated for rectal or endometrial cancer in the randomized TME, PORTEC-1, and PORTEC-2 trials. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol 33(15):1640\u20131646","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"4840_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2017.02.007","volume":"123","author":"R Warschkow","year":"2017","unstructured":"Warschkow R, G\u00fcller U, Cerny T, Schmied BM, Plasswilm L, Putora PM (2017) Secondary malignancies after rectal cancer resection with and without radiation therapy: a propensity-adjusted, population-based SEER analysis. Radiother Oncol J Eur Soc Ther Radiol Oncol 123(1):139\u2013146","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol J Eur Soc Ther Radiol Oncol"},{"issue":"25","key":"4840_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6126","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.02.543","volume":"23","author":"H Birgisson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Birgisson H, P\u00e5hlman L, Gunnarsson U, Glimelius B (2005) Occurrence of second cancers in patients treated with radiotherapy for rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol 23(25):6126\u20136131","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4840_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70061-4","volume":"12","author":"AB de Gonzalez","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Gonzalez AB, Curtis RE, Kry SF, Gilbert E, Lamart S, Berg CD et al (2011) The proportion of second cancers attributable to radiotherapy treatment in adults: a prospective cohort study in the US SEER cancer registries. Lancet Oncol 12(4):353\u2013360","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4840_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw661","volume":"28","author":"AJM Rombouts","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rombouts AJM, Hugen N, Elferink MAG, Feuth T, Poortmans PMP, Nagtegaal ID et al (2017) Incidence of second tumors after treatment with or without radiation for rectal cancer. Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol 28(3):535\u201340","journal-title":"Ann Oncol Off J Eur Soc Med Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4840_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0241","volume":"18","author":"D Huo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huo D, Hetzel JT, Roy H, Rubin DT (2009) Association of colorectal cancer and prostate cancer and impact of radiation therapy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev Publ Am Assoc Cancer Res Cosponsored Am Soc Prev Oncol 18(7):1979\u20131985","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev Publ Am Assoc Cancer Res Cosponsored Am Soc Prev Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"4840_CR23","first-page":"104","volume":"55","author":"JP Chuang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chuang JP, Lee YC, Lee JC, Lu CL, Li CY (2019) A population-based study of secondary prostate cancer risk after radiotherapy in male patients with rectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study. Med Kaunas Lith 55(4):104","journal-title":"Med Kaunas Lith"},{"issue":"1","key":"4840_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0360-3016(97)00311-8","volume":"39","author":"GK Zagars","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zagars GK, Pollack A (1997) Serum testosterone levels after external beam radiation for clinically localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 39(1):85\u201389","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"issue":"1\u20135","key":"4840_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.09.032","volume":"102","author":"JP Raynaud","year":"2006","unstructured":"Raynaud JP (2006) Prostate cancer risk in testosterone-treated men. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 102(1\u20135):261\u2013266","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"4840_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.31543","volume":"143","author":"H Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou H, Huang Y, Qiu Z, Zhao H, Fang W, Yang Y et al (2018) Impact of prior cancer history on the overall survival of patients newly diagnosed with cancer: a pan-cancer analysis of the SEER database. Int J Cancer 143(7):1569\u20131577","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"issue":"30","key":"4840_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3734","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2012.41.8681","volume":"30","author":"ME Wood","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wood ME, Vogel V, Ng A, Foxhall L, Goodwin P, Travis LB (2012) Second malignant neoplasms: assessment and strategies for risk reduction. J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol 30(30):3734\u20133745","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol Off J Am Soc Clin Oncol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00384-025-04840-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00384-025-04840-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00384-025-04840-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T19:26:54Z","timestamp":1741807614000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00384-025-04840-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["4840"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00384-025-04840-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 February 2025","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2025","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethical approval data in the present research was downloaded from the SEER database of the National Cancer Institute. Ethical approval and informed consent were exempted by the ethics committee owing to the public availability of data in the SEER database.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"65"}}