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The aim of this study was to develop a new comprehensive Defecation Disorders Scoring System (DDSS) by incorporating all items of the most commonly used and validated PROMs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This is a prospective observational study on patients waiting for rectal prolapse and defecation disorders surgery. Preoperatively, each patient completed seven different authoritative PROMs, two questionnaires assessing constipation, two questionnaires for obstructed defecation, two questionnaires to evaluate fecal incontinence, and one questionnaire aiming to assess both. Spearman\u2019s correlation and Principal Component Analysis with varimax rotation were applied. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 127 female patients completed all 57 items across the seven validated PROMs and were included. Several items highly correlated with others expressing the same concept were reconsidered and excluded. A final set of 19 items was identified and arranged into DDSS, encompassing five core components regarding specific aspects of incontinence, bowel movements\/defecation frequency, evacuation effort and duration, type of assistance, and abdominal discomfort. Regarding internal consistency, the derived DDSS and its five components demonstrated satisfactory results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the potential for reducing item redundancy across existing PROMs for defecation disorders. Despite some limitations, the proposed DDSS could potentially provide a concise, comprehensive tool for assessing multiple aspects of defecation disorders, potentially available in electronic format. Future studies will be required to further evaluate and validate DDSS across different patient populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-026-05086-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T21:20:37Z","timestamp":1769721637000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A comprehensive scoring system for defecation disorders derived by merging various validated patient-reported outcome measures for fecal incontinence, chronic constipation, and obstructed defecation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0556-0037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Ratto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Simonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Campenn\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Litta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Pagano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Parello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo Alessandro","family":"Marra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"5086_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00275.x","volume":"10","author":"DL Patrick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Patrick DL, Burke LB, Powers JH et al (2007) Patient-reported outcomes to support medical product labeling claims: FDA perspective. 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