{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:48:37Z","timestamp":1791910117538,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784332800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":87,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Colorectal Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis is essential for determining completion radical surgery following local excision (LE) in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This study aimed to identify predictors of LN metastasis and develop a nomogram to support post-excision decision-making in rectal cancer patients after CRT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed 215 patients with pathological stage ypT0\u20132 rectal cancer who underwent radical surgery following CRT. Pre- and post-CRT magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinicopathological factors were analysed to identify predictors of LN metastasis. A predictive nomogram was subsequently constructed and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Factors associated with LN metastasis included pre-CRT mrN stage (mrN0 7.3% vs. mrN1 19.4% vs. mrN2 25.0%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.004), ypT stage (ypT0 2.7% vs. ypT1 13.3% vs. ypT2 19.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), and perineural invasion (PNI) (negative 11.1% vs. positive 35.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013). Multivariable analysis identified pre-CRT mrN stage (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.011), ypT stage (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.033), and PNI (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.036) as independent predictors. The nomogram exhibited acceptable calibration, with the area under the ROC curve of 0.777 (95% CI 0.681\u20130.874). DCA and CIC revealed the model\u2019s potential clinical utility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pre-CRT mrN stage, ypT stage, and PNI were independent predictors of LN metastasis in ypT0\u20132 rectal cancer following CRT. The developed nomogram may help identify candidates for completion radical surgery after LE, potentially facilitating organ preservation and reducing unnecessary surgical morbidity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-026-05201-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T05:53:04Z","timestamp":1784353984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in ypT0\u20132 rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Hyeung-min","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaram","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeong Rok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"5201_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2020.0032","volume":"18","author":"AB Benson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Arain MA, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK et al (2020) NCCN Guidelines Insights: Rectal Cancer, Version 6.2020. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 18(7):806\u2013815. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2020.0032","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"16","key":"5201_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2011.40.1836","volume":"30","author":"R Sauer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sauer R, Liersch T, Merkel S, Fietkau R, Hohenberger W, Hess C et al (2012) Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of the German CAO\/ARO\/AIO-94 randomized phase III trial after a median follow-up of 11 years. J Clin Oncol 30(16):1926\u20131933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2011.40.1836","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5201_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(11)70097-3","volume":"12","author":"W van Gijn","year":"2011","unstructured":"van Gijn W, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, Kranenbarg EM, Putter H, Wiggers T et al (2011) Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer: 12-year follow-up of the multicentre, randomised controlled TME trial. Lancet Oncol 12(6):575\u2013582. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1470-2045(11)70097-3","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5201_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2024.0041","volume":"22","author":"AB Benson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Benson AB, Venook AP, Adam M, Chang G, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK et al (2024) NCCN guidelines\u00ae insights: rectal cancer, version 3.2024. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 22(6):366\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2024.0041","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2023.00269.0038","volume":"39","author":"SH Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee SH (2023) Total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: evidence and challenge. Ann Coloproctol 39(4):301\u2013306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3393\/ac.2023.00269.0038","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5201_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.15792","volume":"23","author":"Y An","year":"2021","unstructured":"An Y, Roodbeen SX, Talboom K, Tanis PJ, Bemelman WA, Hompes R (2021) A systematic review and meta-analysis on complications of transanal total mesorectal excision. Colorectal Dis 23(10):2527\u20132538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/codi.15792","journal-title":"Colorectal Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"5201_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2022.00353.0050","volume":"40","author":"M Kawai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kawai M, Sakamoto K, Honjo K, Okazawa Y, Takahashi R, Kawano S et al (2024) Benefits and risks of diverting stoma creation during rectal cancer surgery. Ann Coloproctol 40(5):467\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3393\/ac.2022.00353.0050","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5201_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2021.03.251","volume":"47","author":"K Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li K, He X, Tong S, Zheng Y (2021) Risk factors for sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery in 948 consecutive patients: a prospective cohort study. Eur J Surg Oncol 47(8):2087\u20132092. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejso.2021.03.251","journal-title":"Eur J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5201_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2022.00227.0032","volume":"39","author":"SL Lim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lim SL, Wan Zain WZ, Zahari Z, Zakaria AD, Hashim MNM, Wong MP et al (2023) Risk factors associated with low anterior resection syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Ann Coloproctol 39(5):427\u2013434. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3393\/ac.2022.00227.0032","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5201_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-023-10517-9","volume":"38","author":"TA Burghgraef","year":"2024","unstructured":"Burghgraef TA, Geitenbeek RTJ, Broekman M, Hol JC, Hompes R, Consten ECJ (2024) Permanent stoma rate and long-term stoma complications in laparoscopic, robot-assisted, and transanal total mesorectal excisions: a retrospective cohort study. Surg Endosc 38(1):105\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-023-10517-9","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"5201_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2015.09.011","volume":"159","author":"MJ Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim MJ, Kim YS, Park SC, Sohn DK, Kim DY, Chang HJ et al (2016) Risk factors for permanent stoma after rectal cancer surgery with temporary ileostomy. Surgery 159(3):721\u2013727. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surg.2015.09.011","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"5201_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/dcr.0000000000002036","volume":"65","author":"B Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang B, Zhuo GZ, Zhao K, Zhao Y, Gao DW, Zhu J et al (2022) Cumulative incidence and risk factors of permanent stoma after intersphincteric resection for ultralow rectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 65(1):66\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/dcr.0000000000002036","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"10093","key":"5201_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)31056-5","volume":"390","author":"E Rullier","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rullier E, Rouanet P, Tuech JJ, Valverde A, Lelong B, Rivoire M et al (2017) Organ preservation for rectal cancer (GRECCAR 2): a prospective, randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet 390(10093):469\u2013479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(17)31056-5","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"5201_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.09.160","volume":"34","author":"X Serra-Aracil","year":"2023","unstructured":"Serra-Aracil X, Pericay C, Badia-Closa J, Golda T, Biondo S, Hern\u00e1ndez P et al (2023) Short-term outcomes of chemoradiotherapy and local excision versus total mesorectal excision in T2-T3ab,N0,M0 rectal cancer: a multicentre randomised, controlled, phase III trial (the TAU-TEM study). Ann Oncol 34(1):78\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annonc.2022.09.160","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"issue":"10","key":"5201_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-007-9019-0","volume":"50","author":"RG Landmann","year":"2007","unstructured":"Landmann RG, Wong WD, Hoepfl J, Shia J, Guillem JG, Temple LK et al (2007) Limitations of early rectal cancer nodal staging may explain failure after local excision. Dis Colon Rectum 50(10):1520\u20131525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10350-007-9019-0","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00432-024-05662-0","volume":"150","author":"YJ Cui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cui YJ, Song MXW, Tie J, Li S, Wang HZ, Zhang YZ et al (2024) Clinicopathological factors predict residual lymph node metastasis in locally advanced rectal cancer with ypT0-2 after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 150(4):11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00432-024-05662-0","journal-title":"J Cancer Res Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"5201_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.06.008","volume":"128","author":"JM von den Gr\u00fcn","year":"2018","unstructured":"von den Gr\u00fcn JM, Hartmann A, Fietkau R, Ghadimi M, Liersch T, Hohenberger W et al (2018) Can clinicopathological parameters predict for lymph node metastases in ypT0-2 rectal carcinoma? Results of the CAO\/ARO\/AIO-94 and CAO\/ARO\/AIO-04 phase 3 trials. Radiother Oncol 128(3):557\u2013563. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2018.06.008","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5201_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13008","volume":"69","author":"SL Bosch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bosch SL, Vermeer TA, West NP, Swellengrebel HAM, Marijnen CAM, Cats A et al (2016) Clinicopathological characteristics predict lymph node metastases in ypT0-2 rectal cancer after chemoradiotherapy. Histopathology 69(5):839\u2013848. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/his.13008","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"issue":"2","key":"5201_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318278ff8a","volume":"56","author":"IJ Park","year":"2013","unstructured":"Park IJ, You YN, Skibber JM, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Feig B, Nguyen S et al (2013) Comparative analysis of lymph node metastases in patients with ypT0-2 rectal cancers after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Dis Colon Rectum 56(2):135\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/DCR.0b013e318278ff8a","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"6","key":"5201_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0535-x","volume":"47","author":"TE Read","year":"2004","unstructured":"Read TE, Andujar JE, Caushaj PF, Johnston DR, Dietz DW, Myerson RJ et al (2004) Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: histologic response of the primary tumor predicts nodal status. Dis Colon Rectum 47(6):825\u2013831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10350-004-0535-x","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2007.08.012","volume":"45","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP et al (2007) The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: Guidelines for reporting observational studies. Prev Med 45(4):247\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2007.08.012","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"5201_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0051","volume":"20","author":"AB Benson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Benson AB, Venook AP, Al-Hawary MM, Azad N, Chen YJ, Ciombor KK et al (2022) Rectal cancer, version 2.2022, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 20(10):1139\u20131167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6004\/jnccn.2022.0051","journal-title":"J Natl Compr Canc Netw"},{"issue":"8","key":"5201_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.41","volume":"11","author":"RG Beets-Tan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Beets-Tan RG, Beets GL (2014) MRI for assessing and predicting response to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 11(8):480\u2013488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.41","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2024.00388.0055","volume":"40","author":"MS Cho","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cho MS, Bae HW, Kim NK (2024) Essential knowledge and technical tips for total mesorectal excision and related procedures for rectal cancer. Ann Coloproctol 40(4):384\u2013411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3393\/ac.2024.00388.0055","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.3393\/ac.2024.00178.0025","volume":"40","author":"D Kitaguchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kitaguchi D, Ito M (2024) Dissection layer selection based on an understanding of pelvic fascial anatomy in transanal total mesorectal excision. Ann Coloproctol 40(4):375\u2013383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3393\/ac.2024.00178.0025","journal-title":"Ann Coloproctol"},{"issue":"8843","key":"5201_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90207-w","volume":"341","author":"JK MacFarlane","year":"1993","unstructured":"MacFarlane JK, Ryall RD, Heald RJ (1993) Mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. Lancet 341(8843):457\u2013460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90207-w","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"34","key":"5201_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8688","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2005.02.1329","volume":"23","author":"C R\u00f6del","year":"2005","unstructured":"R\u00f6del C, Martus P, Papadoupolos T, F\u00fczesi L, Klimpfinger M, Fietkau R et al (2005) Prognostic significance of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 23(34):8688\u20138696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.2005.02.1329","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"7","key":"5201_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.5858\/2000-124-0979-pficc","volume":"124","author":"CC Compton","year":"2000","unstructured":"Compton CC, Fielding LP, Burgart LJ, Conley B, Cooper HS, Hamilton SR et al (2000) Prognostic factors in colorectal cancer. College of American Pathologists Consensus Statement 1999. Arch Pathol Lab Med 124(7):979\u2013994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5858\/2000-124-0979-pficc","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"5201_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.18876","volume":"94","author":"Y Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Y, Wang X, Huang S, Chen J, Huang Y (2024) MRI-based parameters and clinical risk factors to predict lymph node metastasis in patients with ypT0 rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. ANZ J Surg 94(6):1127\u20131132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ans.18876","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"key":"5201_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110124","volume":"193","author":"B Barbaro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Barbaro B, Carafa MRP, Minordi LM, Testa P, Tatulli G, Carano D et al (2024) Magnetic resonance imaging for assessment of rectal cancer nodes after chemoradiotherapy: a single center experience. Radiother Oncol 193:110124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.radonc.2024.110124","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5201_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.27216","volume":"127","author":"TM Lehtonen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lehtonen TM, Ilvesm\u00e4ki A, Koskenvuo LE, Lepist\u00f6 AH (2023) The ability of magnetic resonance imaging to predict lymph node metastases and the risk of recurrence in rectal cancer. J Surg Oncol 127(6):991\u2013998. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jso.27216","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2025.12.058","volume":"33","author":"Z Zhuang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhuang Z, Jiang L, Sun K, Wang X, Zhu H, Wang D et al (2026) Node-RADS on preoperative MRI predicts lymph node-driven survival in treatment-na\u00efve rectal cancer patients: a SHAP-interpretable nomogram for risk stratification. Acad Radiol 33(4):1409\u20131420. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.acra.2025.12.058","journal-title":"Acad Radiol"},{"key":"5201_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjs\/znae246","author":"H Williams","year":"2024","unstructured":"Williams H, Yuval JB, Verheij FS, Miranda J, Lin ST, Omer DM et al (2024) Baseline MRI predictors of successful organ preservation in the Organ Preservation in Rectal Adenocarcinoma (OPRA) trial. Br J Surg. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bjs\/znae246","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"5201_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000006305","volume":"282","author":"NRA Beets","year":"2025","unstructured":"Beets NRA, Verheij FS, Williams H, Omer DM, Lin ST, Qin LX et al (2025) Association of lateral pelvic lymph nodes with disease recurrence and organ preservation in patients with distal rectal adenocarcinoma treated with total neoadjuvant therapy. Ann Surg 282(2):311\u2013318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000006305","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"5201_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-011-2210-5","volume":"19","author":"E Al-Sukhni","year":"2012","unstructured":"Al-Sukhni E, Milot L, Fruitman M, Beyene J, Victor JC, Schmocker S et al (2012) Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for assessment of T category, lymph node metastases, and circumferential resection margin involvement in patients with rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol 19(7):2212\u20132223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1245\/s10434-011-2210-5","journal-title":"Ann Surg Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"5201_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clcc.2021.10.007","volume":"21","author":"DDB Bates","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bates DDB, Homsi ME, Chang KJ, Lalwani N, Horvat N, Sheedy SP (2022) MRI for rectal cancer: staging, mrCRM, EMVI, lymph node staging and post-treatment response. Clin Colorectal Cancer 21(1):10\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clcc.2021.10.007","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"5201_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-009-0248-3","volume":"33","author":"YB Cho","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cho YB, Chun HK, Kim MJ, Choi JY, Park CM, Kim BT et al (2009) Accuracy of MRI and 18F-FDG PET\/CT for restaging after preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. World J Surg 33(12):2688\u20132694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-009-0248-3","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"5201_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1007\/s00066-002-0938-3","volume":"178","author":"KT Hoffmann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hoffmann KT, Rau B, Wust P, Stroszczynski C, H\u00fcnerbein M, Schneider U et al (2002) Restaging of locally advanced carcinoma of the rectum with MR imaging after preoperative radio-chemotherapy plus regional hyperthermia. Strahlenther Onkol 178(7):386\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00066-002-0938-3","journal-title":"Strahlenther Onkol"},{"issue":"8","key":"5201_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21794","volume":"106","author":"DW Kim","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kim DW, Kim DY, Kim TH, Jung KH, Chang HJ, Sohn DK et al (2006) Is T classification still correlated with lymph node status after preoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer? Cancer 106(8):1694\u20131700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cncr.21794","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"7","key":"5201_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1097\/dcr.0000000000002266","volume":"66","author":"S Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim S, Huh JW, Lee WY, Yun SH, Kim HC, Cho YB et al (2023) Prognostic impact of lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, perineural invasion, and tumor budding in rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision. Dis Colon Rectum 66(7):905\u2013913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/dcr.0000000000002266","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"11","key":"5201_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1097\/dcr.0000000000002219","volume":"65","author":"YI Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim YI, Kim CW, Kim JH, Kim J, Ro JS, Lee JL et al (2022) Clinical implication of perineural and lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer patients who underwent surgery after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Dis Colon Rectum 65(11):1325\u20131334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/dcr.0000000000002219","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"issue":"4","key":"5201_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1097\/sla.0000000000005507","volume":"277","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang L, Zhang XY, Zhao YM, Li SJ, Li ZW, Sun YS et al (2023) Intentional watch and wait or organ preservation surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus consolidation CAPEOX for MRI-defined low-risk rectal cancer: findings from a prospective phase 2 trial (PKUCH-R01 trial, NCT02860234). Ann Surg 277(4):647\u2013654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/sla.0000000000005507","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"23","key":"5201_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2546","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.22.00032","volume":"40","author":"J Garcia-Aguilar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Garcia-Aguilar J, Patil S, Gollub MJ, Kim JK, Yuval JB, Thompson HM et al (2022) Organ preservation in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma treated with total neoadjuvant therapy. J Clin Oncol 40(23):2546\u20132556. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/jco.22.00032","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"6","key":"5201_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/s2468-1253(25)00049-4","volume":"10","author":"C Gani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Gani C, Fokas E, Polat B, Ott OJ, Diefenhardt M, K\u00f6nigsrainer A et al (2025) Organ preservation after total neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (CAO\/ARO\/AIO-16): an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 10(6):562\u2013572. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2468-1253(25)00049-4","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"5201_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2025.01.006","volume":"36","author":"H Williams","year":"2025","unstructured":"Williams H, Fokas E, Diefenhardt M, Lee C, Verheij FS, Omer DM et al (2025) Survival among patients treated with total mesorectal excision or selective watch-and-wait after total neoadjuvant therapy: a pooled analysis of the CAO\/ARO\/AIO-12 and OPRA randomized phase II trials. Ann Oncol 36(5):543\u2013547. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annonc.2025.01.006","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Colorectal Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00384-026-05201-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00384-026-05201-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00384-026-05201-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:03:33Z","timestamp":1791907413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00384-026-05201-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["5201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00384-026-05201-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1432-1262"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1432-1262","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"None.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Financial disclosure","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"162"}}