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Data on the prevalence of HS and results after TAVI remain scarce.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>2548 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI for the treatment of AS from 2008 to 2017 were evaluated for a history of GIB and the presence of HS. The diagnosis of HS was defined as a clinical triad of severe AS, a history of recurrent GIB, and an endoscopic diagnosis of angiodysplasia. These patients (Heyde) were followed to investigate clinical outcomes, bleeding complications and the recurrence of GIB and were compared to patients with GIB unrelated to HS (Non-Heyde).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A history of GIB prior to TAVI was detected in 190 patients (7.5%). Among them, 47 patients were diagnosed with HS (1.8%). Heyde patients required blood transfusions more frequently compared to Non-Heyde patients during index hospitalization (50.0% vs. 31.9%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Recurrent GIB was detected in 39.8% of Heyde compared to 21.2% of Non-Heyde patients one year after TAVI (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). In patients diagnosed with HS and recurrent GIB after TAVI, the rate of residual\u2009\u2265\u2009mild paravalvular leakage (PVL) was higher compared to those without recurrent bleeding (73.3% vs. 38.1%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A relevant number of patients undergoing TAVI were diagnosed with HS. Recurrent GIB was detected in a significant number of Heyde patients during follow-up. A possible association with residual PVL requires further investigation to improve treatment options and outcomes in patients with HS.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphic abstract<\/jats:title>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-021-01905-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T17:03:00Z","timestamp":1627059780000},"page":"1939-1946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Heyde syndrome: prevalence and outcomes in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Lara","family":"Waldschmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Drolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Heimburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Go\u00dfling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Voigtl\u00e4nder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Linder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niklas","family":"Schofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Reichenspurner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Blankenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Westermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenard","family":"Conradi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Kluwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3940-9079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Moritz","family":"Seiffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1905_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"HEYDE., C. 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Dr. Conradi is a proctor for and received speaker honoraria as well as travel compensation from JenaValve, Edwards Lifesciences and Boston Scientific, and received speaker honoraria and travel compensation from Medtronic and is a consultant for Edwards Lifesciences. Dr. Westermann received speaker honoraria from Abiomed, AstraZeneca, Bayer and Novartis. Dr. Schofer received travel compensation from Edwards Lifesciences and St. Jude Medical, as well as speaker honoraria and travel compensation from Boston Scientific. Dr. Ludwig received travel compensation from Edwards Lifesciences. All reported honoraria and travel compensation are outside the submitted work. All other authors report no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflicts of interest"}}]}}