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RVFWLS and RV4CLS were assessed using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. In total, 2951 participants were included. Amongst 1297 participants without cardiovascular disease or risk factors (median age 44, 63% female), mean values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS were \u2212\u00a026.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20095.2 (95% prediction interval (PI) \u2212\u00a036.9, \u2212\u00a016.5) and \u2212\u00a021.7%\u2009\u00b1\u20093.4 (95%PI \u2212\u00a028.4, \u2212\u00a015.0), respectively. Women had significantly higher absolute values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS than men (mean \u2212\u00a027.5\u2009\u00b1\u20095.5 vs. \u2212\u00a025.4\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and \u2212\u00a022.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5 vs. \u2212\u00a020.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.0,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively). Absolute values of RVFWLS but not RV4CLS decreased significantly with increasing age in unadjusted linear regression. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV s\u2019 and left ventricular global longitudinal strain were the most influential parameters associated with both RVFWLS and RV4CLS in multiple linear regression. Participants with cardiovascular disease (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091531) had a higher proportion of abnormal values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS compared to the healthy population (8% vs. 4%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and 8% vs. 3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, respectively).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study proposed normal age- and sex-based values of RVFWLS and RV4CLS in a healthy population sample and showed significant sex differences in both measurements across ages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-023-02333-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T12:02:01Z","timestamp":1700049721000},"page":"456-468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Normal age- and sex-based values of right ventricular free wall and four-chamber longitudinal strain by speckle-tracking echocardiography: from the Copenhagen City heart study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2879-8862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline","family":"Espersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristoffer Grundtvig","family":"Skaarup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mats Christian H\u00f8jbjerg","family":"Lassen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niklas Dyrby","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raphael","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flemming Javier","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gorm Boje","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Schnohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmus","family":"M\u00f8gelvang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tor","family":"Biering-S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2333_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jev014","volume":"16","author":"RM Lang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L et al (2015) Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American society of echocardiography and the European association of cardiovascular imaging. 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KGS reports: Advisory Board: Sanofi Pasteur.\u00a0All other authors report that they have no relevant disclosures to present.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}