{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T20:27:11Z","timestamp":1790195231433,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wenzhou Science Technology Bureau Foundation","award":["Y20220081"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Y20220081"]}]},{"name":"Wenzhou Science Technology Bureau Foundation","award":["2022Y0726"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022Y0726"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Res Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Whether heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with an increased risk of developing systolic dysfunction and a poor prognosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We aimed to assess risk factors for the development of end-stage (ES) heart failure (HF) (ejection fraction\u2009&lt;\u200950%) and compare the prognosis of different HF phenotypes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This retrospective study was conducted on patients with HCM in China between January 2009 and February 2023. Patients were stratified into three different groups: HCM-non-HF, HCM-HFpEF and HCM-heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HCM-HFrEF). The primary outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), including all-cause deaths, HF hospitalization, sudden cardiac death and ventricular tachycardia.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Of 3,620 HCM patients enrolled, 1,553 (42.9%) had non-HF, 1,666 (46.0%) had HFpEF, and 579 patients (11.1%) had HFrEF at baseline. During the median follow-up period of 4.0 years (IQR 1.4\u20139.4 years), patients with HCM-HFpEF exhibited a higher incidence of ES-HF than those with HCM-non-HF (12.4% vs. 2.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). HFpEF was an independent risk factor for ES-HF development (HR 3.84, 2.54\u20135.80, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). MACEs occurred in 26.9% with a higher incidence in HCM-HFpEF than HCM-non-HF (36.6% vs 12.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). HFpEF was an independent predictor of MACEs (HR 2.13, 1.75\u20132.59, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>HFpEF is common in HCM. Compared to non-HF, it increases the risk of LVEF decline and poor prognosis. It may aid in risk stratification and need close echocardiography follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. <jats:italic>Abbreviations:<\/jats:italic> ES-HF: end-stage heart failure; HCM: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; MACEs: major adverse clinical events<\/jats:p>\n                \n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-023-02371-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]],"date-time":"2024-01-10T10:02:11Z","timestamp":1704880931000},"page":"761-769","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Qin-Fen","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiandong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prabhjot S.","family":"Nijjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanzhen","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongjie","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hetong","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Hong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenban","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Dong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2371_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1812159","volume":"379","author":"BJ Maron","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maron BJ (2018) Clinical Course and Management of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. 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