{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:21:18Z","timestamp":1786980078332,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Medizinische Fakult\u00e4t Heidelberg der Universit\u00e4t Heidelberg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Res Cardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical and economic burden of obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in Germany for symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients has not been comprehensively assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study analyzed nationally representative WIG2 Benchmark Database data, identifying adults diagnosed with obstructive HCM from 2012 to 2018. Study index was the first date when a participant met eligibility criteria. An algorithm based on coded symptoms and pharmacological treatments was used to divide patients into symptomatic and asymptomatic subgroups. Annual prevalence, patient characteristics, outcomes, resource utilization, and costs were assessed during follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 1141 patients were included (649 symptomatic patients and 492 asymptomatic patients during the 1-year pre-index period [baseline]). In total, 1042 patients had symptomatic disease at some point during follow-up. Annual obstructive HCM prevalence increased between 2011 and 2019 and was higher for symptomatic than asymptomatic patients. Compared with asymptomatic patients, symptomatic patients: were older (mean age: 62.8 vs. 55.5\u00a0years), were less likely to be male (59% vs. 67%), and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (mean: 2.82 vs. 1.69) at baseline; had higher rates of all-cause mortality (0.05 vs. 0.02 per 100 patient-years) and cardiovascular events (mean follow-up: 4.7\u00a0years); had more outpatient visits (13.3 vs. 10.8 per patient-year [PPY]), inpatient visits (0.7 vs. 0.5 PPY), and longer mean length of stay (8.7 vs. 7.4\u00a0days); and had higher mean costs PPY for outpatient, inpatient, and pharmacy services (total: \u20ac5975 vs. \u20ac4399).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM experienced greater clinical and economic burden than asymptomatic patients in Germany.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-025-02776-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T12:32:49Z","timestamp":1761568369000},"page":"852-861","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical and economic burden associated with symptomatic and asymptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in Germany"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"115","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3266-0527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farbod","family":"Sedaghat-Hamedani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla L.","family":"Zema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1494-5446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Schultze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2038-1395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarcyane B.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9521-3898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils","family":"Kossack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Borchert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1945-3061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ervant J.","family":"Maksabedian Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2625-4167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Bluhmki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5681-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taryn","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Schmoelders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0741-2633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Meder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2776_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3503","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad194","volume":"44","author":"E Arbelo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Arbelo E, Protonotarios A, Gimeno JR, Arbustini E, Barriales-Villa R, Basso C, Bezzina CR, Biagini E, Blom NA, de Boer RA, De Winter T, Elliott PM, Flather M, Garcia-Pavia P, Haugaa KH, Ingles J, Jurcut RO, Klaassen S, Limongelli G, Loeys B, Mogensen J, Olivotto I, Pantazis A, Sharma S, Van Tintelen JP, Ware JS, Kaski JP (2023) 2023 ESC guidelines for the management of cardiomyopathies. 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CLZ was a contractor for Bristol Myers Squibb at the time the study was conducted. MS is an employee of ZEG Berlin, which received funding from Bristol Myers Squibb to conduct this study. TBG, NK, and JB are employees of WIG2 GmbH, which received funding from Bristol Myers Squibb to conduct this study. EJMH, YZ, TB, and JS are employees of Bristol Myers Squibb and may own stock in Bristol Myers Squibb. TK was an employee of Bristol Myers Squibb at the time the study was conducted. BM has received travel support and speaker honoraria from Bristol Myers Squibb; is engaged in clinical trials sponsored by Bristol Myers Squibb; and has received research funding for a mavacamten registry (TORCHmava).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}