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However, the presence of sex-specific disparities remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this single-centre observational study was to assess the sex-specific short- and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing LCP implantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 378 LCPs were implanted in 127 women (33.6%) and 251 men (66.4%). The most frequent indications included atrial fibrillation with slow conduction (women: 31.5%, men: 44.6%), third-degree atrioventricular block (women: 31.5%, men: 33.5%) and sick sinus syndrome (women: 21.3%, men: 9.6%). Electrical performance parameters of LCPs were similar between sexes. Procedure-related complications during LCP implantation occurred more frequently in women (3.1%) compared to men (0.4%), though no difference was observed for all complications during the index stay (women: 3.9%, men: 1.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>0.18<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). In-hospital mortality was low for women (0.8%) and men (0.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>0.96<\/jats:italic>\n                      ). A multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for sex, age, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease and transcatheter and surgical valve replacement revealed concomitant lead extraction (OR 9.153,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>0.001)<\/jats:italic>\n                      as the only predictor for complication or death during index stay. All-cause mortality was 30.7% in women (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200939) and 27.5% in men (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200969,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\n                      <jats:italic>0.28)<\/jats:italic>\n                      during a median follow-up of 41 months (IQR 22\u201365 months).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No sex-specific disparities were observed with respect to complications during index stay, in-hospital and all-cause mortality. Less frequent use of LCP therapy in women may relate to differing indications between sexes. Further prospective studies may help to develop sex-specific recommendations for LCP therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-026-02891-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T16:45:08Z","timestamp":1773765908000},"page":"669-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex-specific short- and long-term outcomes in patients with leadless cardiac pacemakers"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Kiblboeck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karim","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Boetscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Rohringer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Lacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Reiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joerg","family":"Kellermair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helga","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Raidl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4963-5563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clemens","family":"Steinwender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermann","family":"Blessberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2891_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euac066","volume":"24","author":"LV Boersma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Boersma LV, El-Chami M, Steinwender C et al (2022) Practical considerations, indications, and future perspectives for leadless and extravascular cardiac implantable electronic devices: a position paper by EHRA\/HRS\/LAHRS\/APHRS. 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