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Cyclophosphamide (CYC) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) are listed as the first-line drugs in induction therapy for LN.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This study aimed to compare high- and low-dose CYC in a\u00a0cohort of Egyptian LN patients.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The data of 547\u00a0patients with class\u00a0III\/IV active LN who received CYC as induction therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Whereas 399\u00a0patients received 6\u2011monthly 0.5\u20131\u202fg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> CYC doses, 148\u00a0patients received six biweekly 500\u202fmg CYC doses. Demographic data, laboratory test results, and disease activity index were recorded and compared at presentation and at 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48\u00a0months of follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After 48\u00a0months, the proportion of patients maintaining normal creatinine levels was higher in the group receiving induction therapy with high-dose CYC (67.9%, 60.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.029), and these patients also had higher proteinuria remission at 36\u00a0(26.6%, 14.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.014) and 48\u00a0months (24.3%, 12.8%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u20090.006). Comparison of patient outcomes according to both induction and maintenance therapy showed the best results in patients who received high-dose CYC and continued MMF as maintenance therapy.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>High- and low-dose CYC are comparable in early phases of treatment. However, after a\u00a0longer duration of follow-up, high-dose CYC was associated with higher remission rates in the current cohort.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s00393-023-01386-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]],"date-time":"2023-08-15T20:32:05Z","timestamp":1692131525000},"page":"115-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["High- and low-dose cyclophosphamide in Egyptian lupus nephritis patients: a\u00a0multicenter retrospective analysis","Hoch- und Niedrig-Dosis-Cyclophosphamid bei \u00e4gyptischen Patienten mit Lupusnephritis: retrospektive Multizenterstudie"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0170-4205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Momtaz A.","family":"Elaziz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2663-4111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherif M.","family":"Gamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6041-4016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Fayed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8436-8598","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammed Hassan","family":"Abu-Zaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3338-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shada A.","family":"Ghoniem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8712-6914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doaa A.","family":"Teleb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1386_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2014.05.001","volume":"40","author":"MM Ward","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ward\u00a0MM (2014) Recent clinical trials in lupus nephritis. 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Privacy of all patient data was granted, as there was a\u00a0code number for every patient\u2019s file that included all investigations. <i>Consent for publication: <\/i>The final manuscript has been read and approved by all authors, they have obtained the required ethical approvals, they have given the necessary attention to ensure the integrity of the work, and agreed to publish this work.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}