{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T01:40:41Z","timestamp":1789004441206,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":138,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]],"date-time":"2018-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zentrum Ern\u00e4hrungsmedizin of the Medical Faculty of the University of Tuebingen and University of Hohenheim.","award":["Project no. E.1100008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project no. E.1100008"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Nutr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-018-1834-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]],"date-time":"2018-10-08T14:02:29Z","timestamp":1539007349000},"page":"931-945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Choline and choline-related nutrients in regular and preterm infant growth"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0307-223X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Bernhard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian F.","family":"Poets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel R.","family":"Franz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1834_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.08.062554","volume":"88","author":"S Beck","year":"2010","unstructured":"Beck S, Wojdyla D, Say L, Betran AP, Merialdi M, Requejo JH, Rubens C, Menon R, Van Look PF (2010) The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull World Health Organ 88:31\u201338","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"1834_CR2","first-page":"721","volume":"109","author":"CF Poets","year":"2012","unstructured":"Poets CF, Wallwiener D, Vetter K (2012) Risks associated with delivering infants 2 to 6 weeks before term\u2014a review of recent data. Dtsch Arztebl Int 109:721\u2013726","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"1834_CR3","first-page":"35","volume":"67","author":"ME Tsimis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Tsimis ME, Abu Al-Hamayel N, Germaine H, Burd I (2015) Prematurity: present and future. Minerva Ginecol 67:35\u201346","journal-title":"Minerva Ginecol"},{"key":"1834_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7467.675","volume":"329","author":"J Tucker","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tucker J, McGuire W (2004) Epidemiology of preterm birth. BMJ 329:675\u2013678","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1834_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.35-10-417","volume":"35","author":"S Reuter","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reuter S, Moser C, Baack M (2014) Respiratory distress in the newborn. Pediatr Rev 35:417\u2013428","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"key":"1834_CR6","first-page":"CD004454","volume":"3","author":"D Roberts","year":"2017","unstructured":"Roberts D, Brown J, Medley N, Dalziel SR (2017) Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 3:CD004454","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"1834_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2016.07.010","volume":"43","author":"A Kribs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kribs A (2016) Minimally invasive surfactant therapy and noninvasive respiratory support. Clin Perinatol 43:755\u2013771","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"1834_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2017.01.012","volume":"44","author":"K McNelis","year":"2017","unstructured":"McNelis K, Fu TT, Poindexter B (2017) Nutrition for the extremely preterm infant. Clin Perinatol 44:395\u2013406","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"1834_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F79","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312917","volume":"103","author":"C Maas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maas C, Franz AR, Krogh SV, Arand J, Poets CF (2018) Growth and morbidity of extremely preterm infants after early full enteral nutrition. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 103:F79\u2013F81","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"1834_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181adaee0","volume":"50","author":"C Agostoni","year":"2010","unstructured":"Agostoni C, Buonocore G, Carnielli VP, De Curtis M, Darmaun D, Decsi T, Domell\u00f6f M, Embleton ND, Fusch C, Genzel-Boroviczeny O, Goulet O, Kalhan SC, Kolacek S, Koletzko B, Lapillonne A, Mihatsch W, Moreno L, Neu J, Poindexter B, Puntis J, Putet G, Rigo J, Riskin A, Salle B, Sauer P, Shamir R, Szajewska H, Thureen P, Turck D, van Goudoever JB, Ziegler EE, ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition (2010) Enteral nutrient supply for preterm infants: commentary from the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Committee on Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 50:85\u201391","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2015.10.006","volume":"57","author":"MY Ho","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ho MY, Yen YH (2016) Trend of nutritional support in preterm infants. Pediatr Neonatol 57:365\u2013370","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"1834_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2016.09.002","volume":"40","author":"EE Rogers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rogers EE, Hintz SR (2016) Early neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely preterm infants. Semin Perinatol 40:497\u2013509","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"key":"1834_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3283423e6b","volume":"23","author":"AH Jobe","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jobe AH (2011) The new bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Curr Opin Pediatr 23:167\u2013172","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"1834_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E417","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8070417","volume":"8","author":"I Goswami","year":"2016","unstructured":"Goswami I, Rochow N, Fusch G, Liu K, Marrin ML, Heckmann M, Nelle M, Fusch C (2016) Length normalized indices for fat mass and fat-free mass in preterm and term infants during the first six months of life. Nutrients 8(7):E417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu8070417","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1834_CR15","first-page":"49","volume":"43","author":"G Liebscher","year":"1895","unstructured":"Liebscher G (1895) Untersuchungen \u00fcber die Bestimmung des D\u00fcngerbed\u00fcrfnisses der Ackerb\u00f6den und Kulturpflanzen. J F\u00fcr Landwirtsch 43:49\u2013216","journal-title":"J F\u00fcr Landwirtsch"},{"key":"1834_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1159\/000358459","volume":"110","author":"WW Hay Jr","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hay WW Jr, Brown LD, Denne SC (2014) Energy requirements, protein-energy metabolism and balance, and carbohydrates in preterm infants. World Rev Nutr Diet 110:64\u201381","journal-title":"World Rev Nutr Diet"},{"key":"1834_CR17","first-page":"979","volume":"67","author":"R Oh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oh R, Brown DL (2003) Vitamin B12 deficiency. Am Fam Physician 67:979\u2013986","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"1834_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3101(24)00054-9","volume":"44","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zeisel SH (1997) Choline: essential for brain development and function. Adv Pediatr 44:263\u2013295","journal-title":"Adv Pediatr"},{"key":"1834_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2093","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.5.7.2010061","volume":"5","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zeisel SH, Da Costa KA, Franklin PD, Alexander EA, Lamont JT, Sheard NF, Beiser A (1991) Choline, an essential nutrient for humans. FASEB J 5:2093\u20132098","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"1834_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.26.061505.111156","volume":"26","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zeisel SH (2006) Choline: critical role during fetal development and dietary requirements in adults. Annu Rev Nutr 26:229\u2013250","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.102.5.595","volume":"102","author":"H Eagle","year":"1955","unstructured":"Eagle H (1955) The minimum vitamin requirements of the L and HeLa cells in tissue culture, the production of specific vitamin deficiencies, and their cure. J Exp Med 102:595\u2013600","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"1834_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-3806(97)00044-8","volume":"101","author":"MQ Holmes-McNary","year":"1997","unstructured":"Holmes-McNary MQ, Loy R, Mar MH, Albright CD, Zeisel SH (1997) Apoptosis is induced by choline deficiency in fetal brain and in PC12 cells. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 101:9\u201316","journal-title":"Brain Res Dev Brain Res"},{"key":"1834_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E445","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050445","volume":"9","author":"S Zeisel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zeisel S (2017) Choline, other methyl-donors and epigenetics. Nutrients 9:E445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu9050445","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1834_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-5734com","volume":"20","author":"KA Costa da","year":"2006","unstructured":"da Costa KA, Kozyreva OG, Song J, Galanko JA, Fischer LM, Zeisel SH (2006) Common genetic polymorphisms affect the human requirement for the nutrient choline. FASEB J 20:1336\u20131344","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"1834_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(61)90745-4","volume":"46","author":"J Bremer","year":"1961","unstructured":"Bremer J, Greenberg D (1961) Methyl transferring enzyme system of microsomes in the biosynthesis of lecithin (phosphatidylcholine). Biochim Biophys Acta 46:205\u2013216","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1834_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0000000000000193","volume":"26","author":"HL Tan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tan HL, Mohamed R, Mohamed Z, Zain SM (2016) Phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene rs7946 polymorphism plays a role in risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: evidence from meta-analysis. Pharmacogenet Genom 26:88\u201395","journal-title":"Pharmacogenet Genom"},{"key":"1834_CR27","unstructured":"Natl. Acad. Sci USA Dietary Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes and its Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline (1998) Dietary reference intakes for thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin b6, folate, vitamin b12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. National Academies Press (US), Washington (DC). https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK114310\/pdf\/ Bookshelf_NBK114310.pdf . Accessed 13 Oct 2017"},{"key":"1834_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-012-0438-x","volume":"52","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Full A, Arand J, Maas C, Poets CF, Franz AR (2013) Choline supply of preterm infants: assessment of dietary intake and pathophysiological considerations. Eur J Nutr 52:1269\u20131278","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-016-1220-2","volume":"56","author":"C Maas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maas C, Franz AR, Shunova A, Mathes M, Bleeker C, Poets CF, Schleicher E, Bernhard W (2017) Choline and polyunsaturated fatty acids in preterm infants\u2019 maternal milk. Eur J Nutr 56:1733\u20131742","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.17.1.2594","volume":"17","author":"W Bernhard","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Haagsman HP, Tschernig T, Poets CF, Postle AD, van Eijk ME, von der Hardt H (1997) Conductive airway surfactant: surface-tension function, biochemical composition, and possible alveolar origin. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 17:41\u201350","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"1834_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4734","DOI":"10.1021\/ac025624x","volume":"74","author":"H Koc","year":"2002","unstructured":"Koc H, Mar MH, Ranasinghe A, Swenberg JA, Zeisel SH (2002) Quantitation of choline and its metabolites in tissues and foods by liquid chromatography\/electrospray ionization-isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 74:4734\u20134740","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37798","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M508575200","volume":"280","author":"Z Li","year":"2005","unstructured":"Li Z, Agellon LB, Vance DE (2005) Phosphatidylcholine homeostasis and liver failure. J Biol Chem 280:37798\u201337802","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1624","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.117.254607","volume":"147","author":"LE Lozada","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lozada LE, Desai A, Kevala K, Lee JW, Kim HY (2017) Perinatal Brain docosahexaenoic acid concentration has a lasting impact on cognition in mice. J Nutr 147:1624\u20131630","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/60.2.189","volume":"60","author":"M Makrides","year":"1994","unstructured":"Makrides M, Neumann MA, Byard RW, Simmer K, Gibson RA (1994) Fatty acid composition of brain, retina, and erythrocytes in breast- and formula-fed infants. Am J Clin Nutr 60:189\u2013194","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-014-0751-7","volume":"54","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Raith M, Kunze R, Koch V, Heni M, Maas C, Abele H, Poets CF, Franz AR (2015) Choline concentrations are lower in postnatal plasma of preterm infants than in cord plasma. Eur J Nutr 54:733\u2013741","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-015-1036-5","volume":"55","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Raith M, Koch V, Maas C, Abele H, Poets CF, Franz AR (2016) Developmental changes in polyunsaturated fetal plasma phospholipids and feto-maternal plasma. Eur J Nutr 55:2265\u20132274","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1081\/DDC-120005622","volume":"28","author":"PR Lockman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Lockman PR, Allen DD (2002) The transport of choline. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 28:749\u2013771","journal-title":"Drug Dev Ind Pharm"},{"key":"1834_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1177\/153537020623100503","volume":"231","author":"V Michel","year":"2006","unstructured":"Michel V, Yuan Z, Ramsubir S, Bakovic M (2006) Choline transport for phospholipid synthesis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 231:490\u2013504","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"1834_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00107.2005","volume":"26","author":"Z Yuan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yuan Z, Tie A, Tarnopolsky M, Bakovic M (2006) Genomic organization, promoter activity, and expression of the human choline transporter-like protein 1. Physiol Genom 26:76\u201390","journal-title":"Physiol Genom"},{"key":"1834_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.2174\/187152412800792689","volume":"12","author":"CB Hollenbeck","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hollenbeck CB (2012) An introduction to the nutrition and metabolism of choline. Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem 12:100\u2013113","journal-title":"Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1976.tb06472.x","volume":"26","author":"JR Simon","year":"1976","unstructured":"Simon JR, Atweh S, Kuhar MJ (1976) Sodium-dependent high affinity choline uptake: a regulatory step in the synthesis of acetylcholine. J Neurochem 26:909\u2013922","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"1834_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(79)90344-4","volume":"557","author":"R Dev\u00e9s","year":"1979","unstructured":"Dev\u00e9s R, Krupka RM (1979) The binding and translocation steps in transport as related to substrate structure. A study of the choline carrier of erythrocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 557:469\u2013485","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1834_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181a93735","volume":"50","author":"TA Sentongo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sentongo TA, Kumar P, Karza K, Keys L, Iyer K, Buchman AL (2010) Whole-blood-free choline and choline metabolites in infants who require chronic parenteral nutrition therapy. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 50:194\u2013199","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533612446706","volume":"27","author":"VW Vanek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Vanek VW, Borum P, Buchman A, Fessler TA, Howard L, Jeejeebhoy K, Kochevar M, Shenkin A, Valentine CJ, Novel Nutrient Task Force, Parenteral Multi-Vitamin and Multi\u2013Trace Element Working Group, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) Board of Directors (2012) A.S.P.E.N. position paper: recommendations for changes in commercially available parenteral multivitamin and multi-trace element products. Nutr Clin Pract 27:440\u2013491","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"1834_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.354","volume":"62","author":"F Gibellini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gibellini F, Smith TK (2010) The Kennedy pathway\u2014de novo synthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. IUBMB Life 62:414\u2013428","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"1834_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)50785-2","volume":"222","author":"EP Kennedy","year":"1956","unstructured":"Kennedy EP, Weiss SB (1956) The function of cytidine coenzymes in the biosynthesis of phospholipids. J Biol Chem 222:193\u2013214","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e006524","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.006524","volume":"6","author":"M Guasch-Ferr\u00e9","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guasch-Ferr\u00e9 M, Hu FB, Ruiz-Canela M, Bull\u00f3 M, Toledo E, Wang DD, Corella D, G\u00f3mez-Gracia E, Fiol M, Estruch R, Lapetra J, Fit\u00f3 M, Ar\u00f3s F, Serra-Majem L, Ros E, Dennis C, Liang L, Clish CB, Mart\u00ednez-Gonz\u00e1lez MA, Salas-Salvad\u00f3 J (2017) Plasma metabolites from choline pathway and risk of cardiovascular disease in the PREDIMED (prevention with mediterranean diet) study. J Am Heart Assoc 6:e006524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/JAHA.117.006524","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"1834_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-2126(99)80023-9","volume":"7","author":"D Thompson","year":"1999","unstructured":"Thompson D, Pepys MB, Wood SP (1999) The physiological structure of human C-reactive protein and its complex with phosphocholine. Structure 7:169\u2013177","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"1834_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1515\/JPM.2007.050","volume":"35","author":"E Zulfikaroglu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zulfikaroglu E, Ugur M, Taflan S, Ugurlu N, Atalay A, Kalyoncu S (2007) Neurokinin B levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood in preeclamptic and normal pregnancies. J Perinat Med 35:200\u2013220","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"1834_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1677\/JME-07-0007","volume":"39","author":"TM Lovell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lovell TM, Woods RJ, Butlin DJ, Brayley KJ, Manyonda IT, Jarvis J, Howell S, Lowry PJ (2007) Identification of a novel mammalian post-translational modification, phosphocholine, on placental secretory polypeptides. J Mol Endocrinol 39:189\u2013198","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"1834_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2007.04.006","volume":"28","author":"M Torricelli","year":"2007","unstructured":"Torricelli M, Giovannelli A, Leucci E, Florio P, De Falco G, Torres PB, Reis FM, Leoncini L, Petraglia F (2007) Placental neurokinin B mRNA expression increases at preterm labor. Placenta 28:1020\u20131023","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"1834_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.4.572","volume":"64","author":"MQ Holmes-McNary","year":"1996","unstructured":"Holmes-McNary MQ, Cheng WL, Mar MH, Fussell S, Zeisel SH (1996) Choline and choline esters in human and rat milk and in infant formulas. Am J Clin Nutr 64:572\u2013576","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C402","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1995.268.2.C402","volume":"268","author":"ED Kwon","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kwon ED, Jung KY, Edsall LC, Kim HY, Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez A, Burg MB (1995) Osmotic regulation of synthesis of glycerophosphocholine from phosphatidylcholine in MDCK cells. Am J Physiol 268:C402\u2013C412","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7820","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.17.7820","volume":"88","author":"K Zablocki","year":"1991","unstructured":"Zablocki K, Miller SP, Garcia-Perez A, Burg MB (1991) Accumulation of glycerophosphocholine (GPC) by renal cells: osmotic regulation of GPC: choline phosphodiesterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88:7820\u20137824","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"8 Suppl","key":"1834_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/124.suppl_8.1436S","volume":"124","author":"R Uauy","year":"1994","unstructured":"Uauy R, Quan R, Gil A (1994) Role of nucleotides in intestinal development and repair: implications for infant nutrition. J Nutr 124(8 Suppl):1436S\u20131441S","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2011.02.012","volume":"52","author":"KY Liao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liao KY, Wu TC, Huang CF, Lin CC, Huang IF, Wu L (2011) Profile of nucleotides and nucleosides in Taiwanese human milk. Pediatr Neonatol 52:93\u201397","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"1834_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1999.tb01306.x","volume":"88","author":"JD Carver","year":"1999","unstructured":"Carver JD (1999) Dietary nucleotides: effects on the immune and gastrointestinal systems. Acta Paediatr Suppl 88:83\u201388","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Suppl"},{"key":"1834_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01237-1","volume":"69","author":"K Fujimoto","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fujimoto K, Matsui M, Fujii T, Kawashima K (2001) Decreased acetylcholine content and choline acetyltransferase mRNA expression in circulating mononuclear leukocytes and lymphoid organs of the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Life Sci 69:1629\u20131638","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"1834_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.005413","volume":"93","author":"SM Innis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Innis SM, Davidson AG, Bay BN, Slack PJ, Hasman D (2011) Plasma choline depletion is associated with decreased peripheral blood leukocyte acetylcholine in children with cystic fibrosis. Am J Clin Nutr 93:564\u2013568","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-2952(76)90345-2","volume":"25","author":"BV Rama Sastry","year":"1976","unstructured":"Rama Sastry BV, Olubadewo J, Harbison RD, Schmidt DE (1976) Human placental cholinergic system. Occurrence, distribution and variation with gestational age of acetylcholine in human placenta. Biochem Pharmacol 25:425\u2013431","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"1834_CR61","unstructured":"Patterson KY, Bhagwat SA, Williams JR, Howe JC, Holden JM (2008) USDA database for the choline content of foods: release two US. Department of Agriculture. http:\/\/www.nal.usda.gov\/fnic\/foodcomp\/Data\/Choline\/Choln02.pdf . Accessed 21 July 2015"},{"key":"1834_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7309","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R700042200","volume":"283","author":"MB Burg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Burg MB, Ferraris JD (2008) Intracellular organic osmolytes: function and regulation. J Biol Chem 283:7309\u20137313","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200401-089OC","volume":"170","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Pynn CJ, Jaworski A, Rau GA, Hohlfeld JM, Freihorst J, Poets CF, Stoll D, Postle AD (2004) Mass spectrometric analysis of surfactant metabolism in human volunteers using deuteriated choline. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170:54\u201358","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1834_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.D011916","volume":"52","author":"CJ Pynn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Pynn CJ, Henderson NG, Clark H, Koster G, Postle W AD (2011) Specificity and rate of human and mouse liver and plasma phosphatidylcholine synthesis analyzed in vivo. J Lipid Res 52:399\u2013407","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"1834_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1159\/000373964","volume":"35","author":"J Grothe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grothe J, Riethm\u00fcller J, Tsch\u00fcrtz SM, Raith M, Pynn CJ, Stoll D, Bernhard W (2015) Plasma phosphatidylcholine alterations in cystic fibrosis patients: impaired metabolism and correlation with lung function and inflammation. Cell Physiol Biochem 35:1437\u20131453","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"1834_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3481","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5093481","volume":"5","author":"R Obeid","year":"2013","unstructured":"Obeid R (2013) The metabolic burden of methyl donor deficiency with focus on the betaine homocysteine methyltransferase pathway. Nutrients 5:3481\u20133495","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1834_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2017-0182","author":"EAK Prieur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Prieur EAK, Pjetri E, Zeisel SH, Jadavji NM (2017) Reduced brain volume and impaired memory in betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase knockout mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/apnm-2017-0182","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"1834_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E803","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8120803","volume":"8","author":"B Troesch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Troesch B, Weber P, Mohajeri MH (2016) Potential links between impaired one-carbon metabolism due to polymorphisms, inadequate B-vitamin status, and the development of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nutrients 8:E803","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"1834_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2970","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-249557","volume":"28","author":"KA Costa da","year":"2014","unstructured":"da Costa KA, Corbin KD, Niculescu MD, Galanko JA, Zeisel SH (2014) Identification of new genetic polymorphisms that alter the dietary requirement for choline and vary in their distribution across ethnic and racial groups. FASEB J 28:2970\u20132978","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"1834_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E252","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18020252","volume":"18","author":"AB Ganz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ganz AB, Cohen VV, Swersky CC, Stover J, Vitiello GA, Lovesky J, Chuang JC, Shields K, Fomin VG, Lopez YS, Mohan S, Ganti A, Carrier B, Malysheva OV, Caudill MA (2017) Genetic variation in choline-metabolizing enzymes alters choline metabolism in young women consuming choline intakes meeting current recommendations. Int J Mol Sci 18:E252","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1834_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(00)00671-7","volume":"156","author":"IS Weisberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Weisberg IS, Jacques PF, Selhub J, Bostom AG, Chen Z, Curtis Ellison R, Eckfeldt JH, Rozen R (2001) The 1298A\u27f6C polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR): in vitro expression and association with homocysteine. Atherosclerosis 156:409\u2013415","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"1834_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.122044","volume":"140","author":"CN Craciunescu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Craciunescu CN, Johnson AR, Zeisel SH (2010) Dietary choline reverses some, but not all, effects of folate deficiency on neurogenesis and apoptosis in fetal mouse brain. J Nutr 140:1162\u20131166","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16025","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504285102","volume":"102","author":"M Kohlmeier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kohlmeier M, da Costa KA, Fischer LM, Zeisel SH (2005) Genetic variation of folate-mediated one-carbon transfer pathway predicts susceptibility to choline deficiency in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:16025\u201316030","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"1834_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/85.1.19","volume":"85","author":"SH Mudd","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mudd SH, Brosnan JT, Brosnan ME, Jacobs RL, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Vance DE, Wagner C (2007) Methyl balance and transmethylation fluxes in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 85:19\u201325","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.022772","volume":"95","author":"J Yan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Yan J, Jiang X, West AA, Perry CA, Malysheva OV, Devapatla S, Pressman E, Vermeylen F, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Caudill MA (2012) Maternal choline intake modulates maternal and fetal biomarkers of choline metabolism in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 95:1060\u20131071","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2000.80.3.1107","volume":"80","author":"M Wyss","year":"2000","unstructured":"Wyss M, Kaddurah-Daouk R (2000) Creatine and creatinine metabolism. Physiol Rev 80:1107\u20131213","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"1834_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E256","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90547.2008","volume":"296","author":"RP Silva da","year":"2009","unstructured":"da Silva RP, Nissim I, Brosnan ME, Brosnan JT (2009) Creatine synthesis: hepatic metabolism of guanidinoacetate and creatine in the rat in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 296:E256\u2013E261","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"1834_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(93)90198-W","volume":"42","author":"RH Allen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Allen RH, Stabler SP, Lindenbaum J (1993) Serum betaine, N,N-dimethylglycine and N-methylglycine levels in patients with cobalamin and folate deficiency and related inborn errors of metabolism. Metabolism 42:1448\u20131460","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1834_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-0853-y","volume":"40","author":"JT Brosnan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brosnan JT, da Silva RP, Brosnan ME (2011) The metabolic burden of creatine synthesis. Amino Acids 40:1325\u20131331","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"1834_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2011.01.006","volume":"1811","author":"Z Li","year":"2011","unstructured":"Li Z, Agellon LB, Vance DE (2011) The role of phosphatidylethanolamine methyltransferase in a mouse model of intrahepatic cholestasis. Biochim Biophys Acta 1811:278\u2013283","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1834_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-011-0852-z","volume":"40","author":"O Braissant","year":"2011","unstructured":"Braissant O, Henry H, B\u00e9ard E, Uldry J (2011) Creatine deficiency syndromes and the importance of creatine synthesis in the brain. Amino Acids 40:1315\u20131324","journal-title":"Amino Acids"},{"key":"1834_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.20280","volume":"60","author":"LS Almeida","year":"2006","unstructured":"Almeida LS, Salomons GS, Hogenboom F, Jakobs C, Schoffelmeer AN (2006) Exocytotic release of creatine in rat brain. Synapse 60:118\u2013123","journal-title":"Synapse"},{"key":"1834_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s00232-001-0121-2","volume":"185","author":"JH Bothwell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bothwell JH, Styles P, Bhakoo KK (2002) Swelling-activated taurine and creatine effluxes from rat cortical astrocytes are pharmacologically distinct. J Membr Biol 185:157\u2013164","journal-title":"J Membr Biol"},{"key":"1834_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-6486-9_8","volume":"46","author":"S Stockler","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stockler S, Schutz PW, Salomons GS (2007) Cerebral creatine deficiency syndromes: clinical aspects, treatment and pathophysiology. Subcell Biochem 46:149\u2013166","journal-title":"Subcell Biochem"},{"key":"1834_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.106922","volume":"286","author":"ME Resseguie","year":"2011","unstructured":"Resseguie ME, da Costa KA, Galanko JA, Patel M, Davis IJ, Zeisel SH (2011) Aberrant estrogen regulation of PEMT results in choline deficiency-associated liver dysfunction. J Biol Chem 286:1649\u20131658","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbalip.2012.07.017","volume":"1831","author":"DE Vance","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vance DE (2013) Physiological roles of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1831:626\u2013632","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1834_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11263","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11766-0","volume":"7","author":"D Sugasini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sugasini D, Thomas R, Yalagala PCR, Tai LM, Subbaiah PV (2017) Dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as lysophosphatidylcholine, but not as free acid, enriches brain DHA and improves memory in adult mice. Sci Rep 7:11263","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"1834_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1385\/JMN:16:2-3:201","volume":"16","author":"M Lagarde","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lagarde M, Bernoud N, Brossard N, Lemaitre-Delaunay D, Thi\u00e8s F, Croset M, Lecerf J (2001) Lysophosphatidylcholine as a preferred carrier form of docosahexaenoic acid to the brain. J Mol Neurosci 16:201\u2013204","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"key":"1834_CR89","unstructured":"The AOCS Lipid Library: composition, structure and biochemistry. http:\/\/aocs.files.cms-plus.com\/annualmeeting\/images\/lipidimporthtml\/lipidlibrary\/Lipids\/lipoprot\/index.htm . Accessed 1 June 2018"},{"key":"1834_CR90","first-page":"813","volume-title":"Fetal and neonatal physiology","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bernhard W (2016) Regulation of surfactant-associated phospholipid synthesis and secretion. In: Polin RA, Steven H, Abman DR, William EB Fetal and neonatal physiology, 5th\u00a0edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp\u00a0813\u2013824","edition":"5"},{"key":"1834_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.57.030195.003025","volume":"57","author":"LM Lichtenberger","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lichtenberger LM (1995) The hydrophobic barrier properties of gastrointestina mucus. Annu Rev Physiol 57:565\u2013583","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)30192-9","volume":"43","author":"R Paananen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Paananen R, Postle AD, Clark G, Glumoff V, Hallman M (2002) Eustachian tube surfactant is different from alveolar surfactant: determination of phospholipid composition of porcine eustachian tube lavage fluid. J Lipid Res 43:99\u2013106","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"1834_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(01)00314-2","volume":"129","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Postle AD, Rau GA, Freihorst J (2001) Pulmonary and gastric surfactants. A comparison of the effect of surface requirements on function and phospholipid composition. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 129:173\u2013182","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR94","first-page":"G425","volume":"272","author":"R Eliakim","year":"1997","unstructured":"Eliakim R, Goetz GS, Rubio S, Chailley-Heu B, Shao JS, Ducroc R, Alpers DH (1997) Isolation and characterization of surfactant-like particles in rat and human colon. Am J Physiol 272:G425\u2013G434","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5454","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i33.5454","volume":"19","author":"A Gauss","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gauss A, Ehehalt R, Lehmann WD, Erben G, Weiss KH, Schaefer Y, Kloeters-Plachky P, Stiehl A, Stremmel W, Sauer P, Gotthardt DN (2013) Biliary phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine profiles in sclerosing cholangitis. World J Gastroenterol 19:5454\u20135463","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1834_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-017-1484-1","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Maas C, Shunova A, Mathes M, B\u00f6ckmann K, Bleeker C, Vek J, Poets CF, Schleicher E, Franz AR (2017) Transport of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in preterm infant plasma is dominated by phosphatidylcholine. Eur J Nutr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-017-1484-1","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29421","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R600021200","volume":"281","author":"FG Tafesse","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tafesse FG, Ternes P, Holthuis JC (2006) The multigenic sphingomyelin synthase family. J Biol Chem 281:29421\u201329425","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90275-5","volume":"78","author":"K Wiegmann","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wiegmann K, Sch\u00fctze S, Machleidt T, Witte D, Kr\u00f6nke M (1994) Functional dichotomy of neutral and acidic sphingomyelinases in tumor necrosis factor signaling. Cell 78:1005\u20131015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1834_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2008.07.030","volume":"1788","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Li X, Becker KA, Gulbins E (2009) Ceramide-enriched membrane domains\u2014structure and function. Biochim Biophys Acta 1788:178\u2013183","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"1834_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2014-0296","volume":"396","author":"H Nojima","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nojima H, Freeman CM, Gulbins E, Lentsch AB (2015) Sphingolipids in liver injury, repair and regeneration. Biol Chem 396:633\u2013643","journal-title":"Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0178622","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178622","volume":"12","author":"M Chami","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chami M, Halmer R, Schnoeder L, Anne Becker K, Meier C, Fassbender K, Gulbins E, Walter S (2017) Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency enhances myelin repair after acute and chronic demyelination. PLoS One 12:e0178622","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1834_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-1511-4_13","volume":"216","author":"H Grassm\u00e9","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grassm\u00e9 H, Riethm\u00fcller J, Gulbins E (2013) Ceramide in cystic fibrosis. Handb Exp Pharmacol 216:265\u2013274","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"1834_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-6741-1_1","volume":"688","author":"CR Gault","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gault CR, Obeid LM, Hannun YA (2010) An overview of sphingolipid metabolism: from synthesis to breakdown. Adv Exp Med Biol 688:1\u201323","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"1834_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25847","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R200008200","volume":"277","author":"YA Hannun","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hannun YA, Obeid LM (2002) The ceramide-centric universe of lipid-mediated cell regulation: stress encounters of the lipid kind. J Biol Chem 277:25847\u201325850","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7716","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14047716","volume":"14","author":"R Mart\u00ednez-Beamonte","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Beamonte R, Lou-Bonafonte JM, Mart\u00ednez-Gracia MV, Osada J (2013) Sphingomyelin in high-density lipoproteins: structural role and biological function. Int J Mol Sci 14:7716\u20137741","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"1834_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2016.09.017","volume":"40","author":"GH Norris","year":"2017","unstructured":"Norris GH, Porter CM, Jiang C, Millar CL, Blesso CN (2017) Dietary sphingomyelin attenuates hepatic steatosis and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice. J Nutr Biochem 40:36\u201343","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"issue":"8","key":"1834_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0136377","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136377","volume":"10","author":"C Oba","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oba C, Morifuji M, Ichikawa S, Ito K, Kawahata K, Yamaji T, Asami Y, Itou H, Sugawara T (2015) Dietary milk sphingomyelin prevents disruption of skin barrier function in hairless mice after UV-B irradiation. PLoS One 10(8):e0136377","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1834_CR108","first-page":"1725","volume-title":"Harrison\u2019s principles of internal medicine","author":"NJ Greenberger","year":"1998","unstructured":"Greenberger NJ, Isselbacher KJ (1998) Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. In: Fauci A, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, Wilson JD, Martin JB (eds) Harrison\u2019s principles of internal medicine. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp\u00a01725\u20131726"},{"key":"1834_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33237","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R700028200","volume":"282","author":"DE Vance","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vance DE, Li Z, Jacobs RL (2007) Hepatic phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, unexpected roles in animal biochemistry and physiology. J Biol Chem 282:33237\u201333241","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/81.3.686","volume":"81","author":"AH Chen","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chen AH, Innis SM, Davidson AG, James SJ (2005) Phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine excretion is increased in children with cystic fibrosis and is associated with plasma homocysteine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, and S-adenosylmethionine. Am J Clin Nutr 81:686\u2013691","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10283","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M611726200","volume":"282","author":"Z Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li Z, Agellon LB, Vance DE (2007) Choline redistribution during adaptation to choline deprivation. J Biol Chem 282:10283\u201310289","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1834_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L955","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00010.2016","volume":"310","author":"W Bernhard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bernhard W, Gesche J, Raith M, Poets CF (2016) Phosphatidylcholine kinetics in neonatal rat lungs and the effects of rhuKGF and betamethasone. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 310:L955\u2013L963","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L869","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00077.2003","volume":"285","author":"AE Bortnick","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bortnick AE, Favari E, Tao JQ, Francone OL, Reilly M, Zhang Y, Rothblat GH, Bates SR (2003) Identification and characterization of rodent ABCA1 in isolated type II pneumocytes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 285:L869\u2013L878","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M400179-JLR200","volume":"45","author":"J Zhou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhou J, You Y, Ryan AJ, Mallampalli RK (2004) Upregulation of surfactant synthesis triggers ABCA1-mediated basolateral phospholipid efflux. J Lipid Res 45:1758\u20131767","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"1834_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L980","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00234.2005","volume":"289","author":"SR Bates","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bates SR, Tao JQ, Collins HL, Francone OL, Rothblat GH (2005) Pulmonary abnormalities due to ABCA1 deficiency in mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 289:L980\u2013L989","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol"},{"key":"1834_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528s","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.2000.10718976","volume":"19","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zeisel SH (2000) Choline: needed for normal development of memory. J Am Coll Nutr 19:528s\u2013531s","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2010.29459","volume":"92","author":"LM Fischer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fischer LM, da Costa KA, Galanko J, Sha W, Stephenson B, Vick J, Zeisel SH (2010) Choline intake and genetic polymorphisms influence choline metabolite concentrations in human breast milk and plasma. Am J Clin Nutr 92:336\u2013346","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.066092","volume":"98","author":"J Yan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yan J, Jiang X, West AA, Perry CA, Malysheva OV, Brenna JT, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Gregory JF 3rd, Caudill MA (2013) Pregnancy alters choline dynamics: results of a randomized trial using stable isotope methodology in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Am J Clin Nutr 98:1459\u20131467","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2010.05.009","volume":"110","author":"MA Caudill","year":"2010","unstructured":"Caudill MA (2010) Pre- and postnatal health: evidence of increased choline needs. J Am Diet Assoc 110:1198\u20131206","journal-title":"J Am Diet Assoc"},{"key":"1834_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2015.03.010","volume":"36","author":"M Yara","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yara M, Iwao B, Hara N, Yamanaka T, Uchino H, Inazu M (2015) Molecular and functional characterization of choline transporter in the human trophoblastic cell line JEG-3 cells. Placenta 36:631\u2013637","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"issue":"8","key":"1834_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43448","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043448","volume":"7","author":"BT Wu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wu BT, Dyer RA, King DJ, Richardson KJ, Innis SM (2012) Early second trimester maternal plasma choline and betaine are related to measures of early cognitive development in term infants. PLoS One 7(8):e43448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0043448","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1834_CR122","first-page":"1","volume":"9","author":"JJ Strain","year":"2013","unstructured":"Strain JJ, McSorley EM, van Wijngaarden E, Kobrosly RW, Bonham MP, Mulhern MS, McAfee AJ, Davidson PW, Shamlaye CF, Henderson J, Watson GE, Thurston SW, Wallace JM, Ueland PM, Myers GJ (2013) Choline status and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5 years of age in the Seychelles Child Development Nutrition Study. Br J Nutr 9:1\u20137","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.03.004","volume":"26","author":"C Davenport","year":"2015","unstructured":"Davenport C, Yan J, Taesuwan S, Shields K, West AA, Jiang X, Perry CA, Malysheva OV, Stabler SP, Allen RH, Caudill MA (2015) Choline intakes exceeding recommendations during human lactation improve breast milk choline content by increasing PEMT pathway metabolites. J Nutr Biochem 26:903\u2013911","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"1834_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-3479-7.10137-5","volume-title":"Fetal and neonatal physiology","author":"K Bauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bauer K, Brace RA, Stonestreet BS (2011) Fluid distribution in the fetus and neonate. In: Polin RA, Fox WW, Abman SH (eds) Fetal and neonatal physiology, 4th\u00a0edn. Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp\u00a01436\u20131444","edition":"4"},{"key":"1834_CR125","first-page":"1302","volume-title":"Stocker and Dehner\u2019s pediatric pathology","author":"JT Stocker","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stocker JT, Dehner LP, Husain AN (2002) Means and standard deviations of weights and measurements of lifeborn infants by body weight (Appendix 28\u201329). 2nd\u00a0edn. In: Stocker JT, Dehner LP (eds) Stocker and Dehner\u2019s pediatric pathology. Lippinkott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp\u00a01302\u20131304","edition":"2"},{"key":"1834_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19720095","volume":"27","author":"SV Apte","year":"1972","unstructured":"Apte SV, Iyengar L (1972) Composition of the human foetus. Br J Nutr 27:305\u2013312","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR127","first-page":"329","volume":"40","author":"EE Ziegler","year":"1976","unstructured":"Ziegler EE, O\u2019Donnell AM, Nelson SE, Fomon SJ (1976) Body composition of the reference fetus. Growth 40:329\u2013341","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"1834_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-924458","volume":"66","author":"M Voigt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Voigt M, Fusch C, Olbertz D, Hartmann K, Rochow N, Renken C, Schneider KTM (2006) Analysis of the neonatal collective in the Federal Republic of Germany. 12th report: presentation of detailed percentiles for the body measurement of newborns. Geburtsh Frauenheilk 66:956\u2013970. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2006-924458","journal-title":"Geburtsh Frauenheilk"},{"key":"1834_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-3479-7.10138-7","volume-title":"Fetal and neonatal physiology","author":"J Lorenz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lorenz J (2011) Fetal and neonatal body water compartment volumes with reference to growth and development. In: Polin RA, Fox WW, Abman SH (eds) Fetal and neonatal physiology, 4th\u00a0edn. Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp\u00a01445\u20131450","edition":"4"},{"key":"1834_CR130","unstructured":"Nahrungserg\u00e4nzung M Cholin\u2014Und Docosahexaens\u00e4ure Bei Sehr Unreifen Fr\u00fchgeborenen (Metabolic effects of choline and docosahexaenoic acid supplementation in preterm infants) (2015). https:\/\/www.clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT02509728?term=choline&cntry=DE&rank=1 . Accessed 1 June 2018"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"1834_CR131","first-page":"S56","volume":"165","author":"K B\u00f6ckmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"B\u00f6ckmann K, Maas C, Franz A, Shunova A, Mathes M, H\u00f6velmann J, Poets CF, Bernhard W (2017) Kombinierte Cholin-\/Docosahexaens\u00e4ure-Supplementierung bei sehr unreifen Fr\u00fchgeborenen\u2014Untersuchungen mit stabiler Isotopenmarkierung. Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 165(Suppl 1):S56","journal-title":"Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde"},{"key":"1834_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-016-2713-y","volume":"175","author":"S Bagci","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bagci S, Brosens E, Tibboel D, De Klein A, Ijsselstijn H, Wijers CH, Roeleveld N, de Blaauw I, Broens PM, van Rooij IA, H\u00f6lscher A, Boemers TM, Pauly M, M\u00fcnsterer OJ, Schmiedeke E, Sch\u00e4fer M, Ure BE, Lacher M, Choinitzki V, Schumacher J, Zwink N, Jenetzky E, Katzer D, Arand J, Bartmann P, Reutter HM (2016) More than fetal urine: enteral uptake of amniotic fluid as a major predictor for fetal growth during late gestation. Eur J Pediatr 175:825\u2013831","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"1834_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607199023005305","volume":"23","author":"S Misra","year":"1999","unstructured":"Misra S, Ahn C, Ament ME, Choi HJ, Jenden DJ, Roch M, Buchman AL (1999) Plasma choline concentrations in children requiring long-term home parenteral nutrition: a case control study. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 23:305\u2013308","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607101025005260","volume":"25","author":"AL Buchman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Buchman AL, Ament ME, Sohel M, Dubin M, Jenden DJ, Roch M, Pownall H, Farley W, Awal M, Ahn C (2001) Choline deficiency causes reversible hepatic abnormalities in patients receiving parenteral nutrition: proof of a human choline requirement: a placebo-controlled trial. JPEN J Parenter Enter Nutr 25:260\u2013268","journal-title":"JPEN J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"1834_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533615589992","volume":"30","author":"VW Vanek","year":"2015","unstructured":"Vanek VW, Borum P, Buchman A, Fessler TA, Howard L, Shenkin A, Valentine CJ, Novel Nutrient Task Force Parenteral Vitamin and Trace Element Working Group and the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition A S P E N (2015) A call to action to bring safer parenteral micronutrient products to the US market. Nutr Clin Pract 30:559\u2013569","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"key":"1834_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(78)90139-7","volume":"27","author":"MJ Hirsch","year":"1978","unstructured":"Hirsch MJ, Growdon JH, Wurtman RJ (1978) Relations between dietary choline or lecithin intake, serum choline levels, and various metabolic indices. Metabolism 27:953\u2013960","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"1834_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.30.11.1226","volume":"30","author":"SH Zeisel","year":"1980","unstructured":"Zeisel SH, Growdon JH, Wurtman RJ, Magil SG, Logue M (1980) Normal plasma choline responses to ingested lecithin. Neurology 30:1226\u20131229","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1834_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/0955-2863(96)00079-4","volume":"7","author":"W-L Cheng","year":"1996","unstructured":"Cheng W-L, Holmes-McNary MQ, Mar M-H, Lien EL, Zeisel SH (1996) Bioavailability of choline and choline esters from milk in rat pups. Nutr Biochem 7:457\u2013464","journal-title":"Nutr Biochem"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1834-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1834-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1834-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T04:09:31Z","timestamp":1720670971000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1834-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]]},"references-count":138,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1834"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1834-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1436-6207","1436-6215"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1436-6207","type":"print"},{"value":"1436-6215","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 June 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 September 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"There are no conflicts of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}